Types of Fisq
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The Shaykh : We have benefited from this noble verse [Al-Hujurat 49:11] that these things which Allah has forbidden, if a person is characterized by them, what does he become? He becomes a fasiq. And the fasiq is the one who departs from the obedience of Allah. Fisq has types; it may be kufr (disbelief), it may be a sin from the major sins, or it may be from the minor sins if one persists in them. How many categories are there now?
The student: Three.
The Shaykh : Three. Fisq may be kufr (disbelief), the second is a sin from the major sins, and the third is a sin from the minor sins if one persists in them. Now, in the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, in Surat al-Mu'minun, the revelation of prostration[As-Sajdah 32:20], what is meant by those who committed fisq? The disbelievers. This is the fisq of kufr (disbelief). [Al-Hujurat 49:6]
The student: A sin.
The Shaykh : The fasiq is the one who commits the sin, meaning below that level. The fisq of sin is either by a major sin, even if committed only once, or by a minor sin. However, the doer of minor sins does not become a fasiq unless he persists in them. Therefore, من لم يتب فأولئك هم الفاسقون المراد بالفسق هنا
الطالب : الصغائر
الشيخ : الصغائر لا المراد ما دون الكفر لأنه كبيرة ومن لم يتب فأولئك لا أنا غلطت فأولئك هم الظالمون لكن قوله : بئس الاسم الفسوق هو محط التقسيم Whoever does not repent, then those are the fasiqun. The meaning of fisq here is: The student: Minor sins. The Shaykh: Minor sins? No, the meaning is what is below kufr (disbelief), because it is a major sin. And whoever does not repent, then those are... I made a mistake, those are the wrongdoers. But his saying: "How evil is the name of fisq" is the point of division.
Wretched is the name of disobedience after [one's] faith
بئس الاسم الفسوق بعد الإيمانThe student: Three.
The Shaykh : Three. Fisq may be kufr (disbelief), the second is a sin from the major sins, and the third is a sin from the minor sins if one persists in them. Now, in the saying of Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, in Surat al-Mu'minun, the revelation of prostration
But as for those who defiantly disobeyed, their refuge is the Fire. Every time they wish to emerge from it, they will be returned to it while it is said to them, "Taste the punishment of the Fire which you used to deny."
وَأَمَّا الَّذِينَ فَسَقُوا فَمَأْوَاهُمُ النَّارُ كُلَّمَا أَرَادُوا أَنْ يَخْرُجُوا مِنْهَا أُعِيدُوا فِيهَا وَقِيلَ لَهُمْ ذُوقُوا عَذَابَ النَّارِ الَّذِي كُنْتُمْ بِهِ تُكَذِّبُونَO you who have believed, if there comes to you a disobedient one with information, investigate
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنْ جَاءَكُمْ فَاسِقٌ بِنَبَإٍ فَتَبَيَّنُواThe student: A sin.
The Shaykh : The fasiq is the one who commits the sin, meaning below that level. The fisq of sin is either by a major sin, even if committed only once, or by a minor sin. However, the doer of minor sins does not become a fasiq unless he persists in them. Therefore, من لم يتب فأولئك هم الفاسقون المراد بالفسق هنا
الطالب : الصغائر
الشيخ : الصغائر لا المراد ما دون الكفر لأنه كبيرة ومن لم يتب فأولئك لا أنا غلطت فأولئك هم الظالمون لكن قوله : بئس الاسم الفسوق هو محط التقسيم Whoever does not repent, then those are the fasiqun. The meaning of fisq here is: The student: Minor sins. The Shaykh: Minor sins? No, the meaning is what is below kufr (disbelief), because it is a major sin. And whoever does not repent, then those are... I made a mistake, those are the wrongdoers. But his saying: "How evil is the name of fisq" is the point of division.