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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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The person's distance from everything that distracts him in his prayer.

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The Shaykh : And His saying, Mighty and Majestic:
until you know what you are saying حتى تعلموا ما تقولون
[An-Nisa 4:43]
It is possible that "until" here is for the purpose of causation, and it is possible that it is for the purpose of a limit. If it is for causation, the meaning is: do not approach the prayer while you are intoxicated, in order that you may know what you are saying, because the intoxicated person, may Allah protect us from that, does not know what he is saying. If it is for a limit, the meaning is: do not approach the prayer until you become sober and the intoxication leaves you, so that you know what you are saying. And "until" in the Arabic language comes for a limit and for causation. An example of it for a limit is the statement of the Children of Israel to Aaron:
We will never cease being devoted لن نبرح عليه
[Taha 20:91]
meaning, we are worshipping the calf, what?
until Moses returns to us." حتى يرجع إلينا موسى
[Taha 20:91]
meaning, until Moses returns to us. And an example of it for causation is the statement of the hypocrites:
Do not spend on those who are with the Messenger of Allah until they disband لا تنفقوا على من عند رسول الله حتى ينفضوا
[Al-Munafiqun 63:7]
meaning, in order that they may disperse from him if they do not find anyone to spend on them. In any case, the verse with us is possible to be for causation and possible to be for a limit. And in this is evidence that it is obligatory for the one who prays to distance himself from everything that distracts him from his prayer. And so, when the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed in his khamisah, which is a striped garment, and he looked at it once during his prayer, then he turned away from his prayer and said:
Take this woollen garment of mine to Abu Jahm and bring me Abu Jahm’s Anbijani* garment اذهبوا بخميصتي هذه إلى أبي جهم وآتوني بأنبجانية أبي جهم
Mishkat al-Masabih 757
which is a thick cloak that does not distract the one who prays. So that indicates that it is obligatory for a person to distance himself from everything that distracts him in his prayer. Are you with us? Good. If he finds something that distracts him from his prayer and it overcomes the prayer or most of it, the scholars, may Allah have mercy on them, differed: is the prayer invalid or not invalid? Some of them say: it is invalid, because the essence of the prayer and the spirit of the prayer is humility, which is the presence of the heart. So if he prays without the presence of the heart, that is a prayer without spirit. It is merely movements. And the majority of the people of knowledge said: the prayer does not become invalid even if he is distracted. They argued with the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about Satan:
Indeed, when a person says the takbir for the prayer, Satan comes to him and says to him: Do you remember such and such? Do you remember such and such? Do you remember such and such? Until he does not know how much he has prayed إنه إذا كبر الإنسان للصلاة أتاه الشيطان وقال له أتذكر كذا وكذا أتذكر كذا وكذا أتذكر كذا وكذا حتى لا يدري كم صلى
. And this indicates that waswas, meaning the intrusive thoughts in the prayer, do not invalidate it. But without a doubt, they diminish it greatly. So try, my brother, if the door of intrusive thoughts opens to you while you are praying, to close it and turn to your prayer.
Source alathar.net

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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