The Shaykh’s discussion with the students on the chapter of fasting.
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The Shaykh : From Ramadan of the year 1420, we begin this session in the Sacred Mosque with what you committed to last night, which is the exam on the conditions for the obligation of fasting. All right, who is ready for this? Please, go ahead.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : What are the conditions for the obligation of fasting?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Islam, reaching maturity, sanity, ability, and the absence of impediments. May Allah reward you. Perfect, good. Islam, what is its opposite? Brother, yes, what is the opposite of Islam? Is it disbelief?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : A disbeliever has no fasting obligation. A disbeliever has no fasting obligation, right? No.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Do you see him eating and let him eat, or do you say anything to him? I say, if a disbeliever becomes a Muslim, we say he is a Muslim. If you see him eating and drinking in front of you, do you tell him to stop or not? No, you do not tell him to stop.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : All right, steady, Zayn, may Allah open the door of knowledge for you. Maturity, what is its opposite? What is its opposite? Yes? Childhood. Rest... regarding the second one, its opposite is childhood. All right, a child who is ten years old, if you see him eating and drinking during the day in Ramadan, do you obligate him to fast?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : No, I do not obligate him because he has not reached maturity. May Allah reward you. Rest. The third, the third of the conditions, my brothers.
The student: Sanity.
The Shaykh : Sanity, and what is its opposite?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : No.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : No. The opposite of sanity.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : No, please, listen.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : The absence of sanity, meaning the loss of sanity. Rest, my brothers. The opposite of sanity is the loss of sanity, because if you said madness and the departure of sanity, it would mean that there was sanity and then it left. We say the loss of sanity. All right, may Allah reward you. Now, the ability to fast, what is its opposite?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Meaning, the opposite of ability, and what does that mean?
The student: Inability.
The Shaykh : Meaning, inability. All right, may Allah reward you. If you see a sick man eating and drinking during the day in Ramadan, do you rebuke him? Stand up.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : You did well, because he is unable. May Allah reward you. Inability is divided into, brother...
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Divided into what? Yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : What?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Inability of what? ...
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Permanent inability that is not expected to end, and another type of inability, what is it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : That is expected to end. May Allah reward you. For the inability that is not expected to end, what is the obligation for the one afflicted with it? Please, go ahead.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : The fidyah. May Allah reward you. He said fidyah, fidyah, that he feeds one poor person for every day. May Allah reward you. Brother, for the inability that is expected to end, it is making up the fast. All right, meaning we say, if you break your fast and then you are able, you fast. Good. Rest. Remaining, yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Residence, its opposite is travel. All right, the traveler, what does he do?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : How does he combine and shorten? Every traveler combines and shortens. What is travel?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Moving from one place to another, from one city to another. All right, if a person from the people of Mecca moves from the Prophet’s city to Tabuk, is he a traveler? And if he moves from Mecca to the Prophet’s city, is he a traveler? Why? Do not say travel is leaving the homeland, meaning the country where you live. That is what leaving the country where you live is: travel. All right, whether it is long or short. What is the evidence that a traveler is not obligated to fast?
The student :[Al-Baqarah 2:184].
The Shaykh :[Al-Baqarah 2:184] All right, rest. If you see a man eating and drinking in this mosque in Mecca while he is performing 'Umrah, stand up.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Do you rebuke him or not? Where are you, man? Do you rebuke him or not?
The student: I do not rebuke him.
The Shaykh : You do not rebuke him? No, I said he is a man coming for 'Umrah, do not rebuke him because he is a traveler. All right, rest. Which is better for the traveler, to fast or to break the fast? What Allah wills, all of you, be careful, where are you? Ease up on yourselves. Why this panic? All right, you took the first one, you took a question, let’s go.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : What is better?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Breaking the fast absolutely?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : All right, absolutely, whether it is easier for him or not, what is it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : I did not ask you for the evidence, I asked you what is better.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Breaking the fast. All right, it appears you did not attend yesterday, you did not attend. From those who did not take a question, please, go ahead. You did not take one, let’s go.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Fasting is better if there is no hardship, otherwise breaking the fast is better. All right, what is your evidence that fasting for the traveler is better? The benefits, you referred to them, the benefits.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : All right, perfect, the fourth.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : This is a mistake, you left out what is more important than these three. Rest.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Following the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), for he used to love to fast while traveling. And we mentioned to you yesterday a proof from Abu al-Darda (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:Sahih Muslim 1122a And as the brother said, that a person fasts with the people, and fasting with the people is easier than making up the fast, and that he fasts in the month in which Allah made fasting obligatory. And this, and this is a preference, and that if he reaches the festival, nothing remains in his debt, so his joy at the festival is greater. May Allah reward you. One remains, please, go ahead.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : What? Yes?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : No, from the conditions, one remains from the conditions.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : The conditions for the obligation of fasting, the absence of impediments. May Allah reward you. What is the impediment that prevents fasting?
The student: ... for the woman.
The Shaykh : Menstruation and post-natal bleeding for the woman. May Allah reward you. Sit down. If a woman menstruates while she is fasting, is her fast invalidated or not? The answer is it is invalidated. If she is menstruating from the night, she does not fast, because menstruation is an impediment to fasting. All right, now, now in front of me are three things: speaking about the means, speaking about swearing by other than Allah, speaking about the things that invalidate the fast. Yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : I read it.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : All right, and what? The means, and the third, the things that invalidate the fast. Which one do we start with? Which one do we start with?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : With the means. All right, there is no problem, if Allah wills.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : What are the conditions for the obligation of fasting?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Islam, reaching maturity, sanity, ability, and the absence of impediments. May Allah reward you. Perfect, good. Islam, what is its opposite? Brother, yes, what is the opposite of Islam? Is it disbelief?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : A disbeliever has no fasting obligation. A disbeliever has no fasting obligation, right? No.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Do you see him eating and let him eat, or do you say anything to him? I say, if a disbeliever becomes a Muslim, we say he is a Muslim. If you see him eating and drinking in front of you, do you tell him to stop or not? No, you do not tell him to stop.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : All right, steady, Zayn, may Allah open the door of knowledge for you. Maturity, what is its opposite? What is its opposite? Yes? Childhood. Rest... regarding the second one, its opposite is childhood. All right, a child who is ten years old, if you see him eating and drinking during the day in Ramadan, do you obligate him to fast?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : No, I do not obligate him because he has not reached maturity. May Allah reward you. Rest. The third, the third of the conditions, my brothers.
The student: Sanity.
The Shaykh : Sanity, and what is its opposite?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : No.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : No. The opposite of sanity.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : No, please, listen.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : The absence of sanity, meaning the loss of sanity. Rest, my brothers. The opposite of sanity is the loss of sanity, because if you said madness and the departure of sanity, it would mean that there was sanity and then it left. We say the loss of sanity. All right, may Allah reward you. Now, the ability to fast, what is its opposite?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Meaning, the opposite of ability, and what does that mean?
The student: Inability.
The Shaykh : Meaning, inability. All right, may Allah reward you. If you see a sick man eating and drinking during the day in Ramadan, do you rebuke him? Stand up.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : You did well, because he is unable. May Allah reward you. Inability is divided into, brother...
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Divided into what? Yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : What?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Inability of what? ...
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Permanent inability that is not expected to end, and another type of inability, what is it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : That is expected to end. May Allah reward you. For the inability that is not expected to end, what is the obligation for the one afflicted with it? Please, go ahead.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : The fidyah. May Allah reward you. He said fidyah, fidyah, that he feeds one poor person for every day. May Allah reward you. Brother, for the inability that is expected to end, it is making up the fast. All right, meaning we say, if you break your fast and then you are able, you fast. Good. Rest. Remaining, yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Residence, its opposite is travel. All right, the traveler, what does he do?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : How does he combine and shorten? Every traveler combines and shortens. What is travel?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Moving from one place to another, from one city to another. All right, if a person from the people of Mecca moves from the Prophet’s city to Tabuk, is he a traveler? And if he moves from Mecca to the Prophet’s city, is he a traveler? Why? Do not say travel is leaving the homeland, meaning the country where you live. That is what leaving the country where you live is: travel. All right, whether it is long or short. What is the evidence that a traveler is not obligated to fast?
The student :
So whoever among you is ill or on a journey [during them] - then an equal number of days [are to be made up]
فمن كان منكم مريضا أو على سفر فعدة من أيام أخرThe Shaykh :
So whoever among you is ill or on a journey [during them] - then an equal number of days [are to be made up]
فمن كان منكم مريضا أو على سفر فعدة من أيام أخرThe student: ... .
The Shaykh : Do you rebuke him or not? Where are you, man? Do you rebuke him or not?
The student: I do not rebuke him.
The Shaykh : You do not rebuke him? No, I said he is a man coming for 'Umrah, do not rebuke him because he is a traveler. All right, rest. Which is better for the traveler, to fast or to break the fast? What Allah wills, all of you, be careful, where are you? Ease up on yourselves. Why this panic? All right, you took the first one, you took a question, let’s go.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : What is better?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Breaking the fast absolutely?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : All right, absolutely, whether it is easier for him or not, what is it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : I did not ask you for the evidence, I asked you what is better.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Breaking the fast. All right, it appears you did not attend yesterday, you did not attend. From those who did not take a question, please, go ahead. You did not take one, let’s go.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Fasting is better if there is no hardship, otherwise breaking the fast is better. All right, what is your evidence that fasting for the traveler is better? The benefits, you referred to them, the benefits.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : All right, perfect, the fourth.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : This is a mistake, you left out what is more important than these three. Rest.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Following the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family), for he used to love to fast while traveling. And we mentioned to you yesterday a proof from Abu al-Darda (may Allah be pleased with him), who said:
We set out during the month of Ramadan with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) in such an intense heat that one of us would place his hand over his head (in order to protect himself) against the excessive heat, and none among us was observing the fast, except the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and 'Abdullah b. Rawaha.
كنا مع النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم في رمضان في حر شديد وأكثرنا ظلا صاحب الكساء حتى إن أحدنا ليضع يده على رأسه من شدة الحر وما فينا صائم إلا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وعلى آله وسلم وعبد الله بن رواحةThe student: ... .
The Shaykh : What? Yes?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : No, from the conditions, one remains from the conditions.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : The conditions for the obligation of fasting, the absence of impediments. May Allah reward you. What is the impediment that prevents fasting?
The student: ... for the woman.
The Shaykh : Menstruation and post-natal bleeding for the woman. May Allah reward you. Sit down. If a woman menstruates while she is fasting, is her fast invalidated or not? The answer is it is invalidated. If she is menstruating from the night, she does not fast, because menstruation is an impediment to fasting. All right, now, now in front of me are three things: speaking about the means, speaking about swearing by other than Allah, speaking about the things that invalidate the fast. Yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : I read it.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : All right, and what? The means, and the third, the things that invalidate the fast. Which one do we start with? Which one do we start with?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : With the means. All right, there is no problem, if Allah wills.