Discussion regarding the conditions of the things that break the fast, along with mentioning some of the rulings of fasting.
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : Please go ahead.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Wrong.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Good, you have done well. Fasting from what Allah the Mighty and Majestic has forbidden, and this spiritual fasting which is the spirit of physical fasting, and physical fasting from the things that break the fast, which we mentioned. What is your opinion, my brother? Stand up. What are the conditions of the things that break the fast of the one who is fasting? How many are they?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : I was not present. There is no power and no strength except by Allah. Yes, sit down.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Knowledge, and second, intention, and third.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : That he is knowledgeable, that he is intentional, that he is mindful. Good, sit down. Stand up. A fasting person forgot and ate. What do you say about his fasting? Is it valid?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Which of the conditions was lacking? The three conditions we just mentioned. The conditions are thirty.
The student: Three.
The Shaykh : Three. Good. And which one of them was lacking? What was lacking from these conditions in the example I gave?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : That he is mindful, because this person is forgetful. Sit down. What is the specific evidence that if a fasting person eats or drinks while forgetful, his fasting is valid?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : The hadith of Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Sahih Muslim 1155 Good, you have done well. And what is the general evidence that if a fasting person eats while forgetful, his fasting is complete? Yes, sit down, sit down. Do not stand up, leave it standing because you pointed with your left hand, and we have warned you many times about this, and it passed us this morning, but leave it standing until Allah opens up for someone to give a correct answer, and then you sit down. Yes, what is it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : The general evidence is the saying of Allah the Exalted:[Al-Baqarah 2:286] May Allah bless you. You have done well to your brother. Sit down. Good. What do you say about a man who is fasting, heard the mu'adhdhin calling the adhan, so he broke his fast, and then it became clear that the mu'adhdhin made a mistake and called the adhan before the sun set? Yes, stand up, my man.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : His fasting is valid. Good. What is the specific evidence for this issue?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : She broke her fast, or what? The wording of the hadith. Yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : The meaning of the hadith, give it to me. That she broke her fast, and she alone, and her people, and the neighbors, and the neighbors, and the neighbors.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : And their neighbors. Rest, rest. You did not know. Aisha, the daughter of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), said:
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, here, and then.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : No, this is not included in the hadith, but it is the reality. Rest. What is the evidence that such a man does not break his fast? The saying of Allah the Exalted: [Al-Baqarah 2:286] May Allah bless you. Rest. A fasting person was rinsing his mouth, and water went down into his stomach without his intention, and there was only a little of it. Please, what is it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : His fasting is valid, and he does not have to make it up because of the lack of intention. May Allah bless you. Rest. What is the evidence for the validity of his fasting?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes, May Allah bless you.[Al-Ahzab 33:5] Praise be to Allah. A man is in the state of ihram for 'Umrah, so he forgot and applied perfume. What is the ruling on this?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Permissible. Wrong. Yes, a man is in the state of ihram for 'Umrah and applies perfume while forgetful. Permissible. Wrong. He is forgetful. What is the answer? Here, what is it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : You said permissible. Rest. Yes, listen to the correct answer. He owes nothing. Be patient, pay attention, look. He owes nothing. There is a difference between our saying "permissible" and "he owes nothing." It is forbidden, even if he is forgetful. It is forbidden for him. Good. He owes nothing. The evidence.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Wrong. We want it from the Qur'an. Yes, that is right.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes, you have done well. Rest. And this answer that he gave opens a door for us, which is that whenever it is possible to find the evidence in the Qur'an, we do not turn away from it with anything, because the one who argues with the Sunnah, his opponent can say, "The hadith is established," but the one who argues with the Qur'an, his opponent cannot say, "The verse is established," because the verse is established. And therefore, listen, O student of knowledge, whenever it is possible for you to argue with the Qur'an, do not turn away from it with anything, and if it is Qur'an and Sunnah, how wonderful that is.
The important thing for us, my brothers, is a rule, I hope you pay attention to it, and I repeat that the religion is ease, and that all the prohibitions and forbidden things in acts of worship, or independently, if a person does them while forgetful, or ignorant, or not intentional, what is it? Then he owes nothing, except what relates to the rights of people, in which case the sin is removed from him, but he guarantees the rights of the people to them. So if one of the people destroys the property of a person while forgetful, there is no sin on him, but what? He guarantees it to its owner, unless he forgives him. Notice this, and the difference between the right of Allah and the right of the created being is clear, because the right of Allah the Mighty and Majestic is that by His grace and bounty, He informed us that He forgave it in the case of ignorance, or forgetfulness, or compulsion, or lack of intention. And as for the right of the human being, it is guaranteed in all cases. Clear. This is good.
What is the thing that breaks the fast for which expiation is obligatory? None of the things that break the fast have expiation. So what is the thing that breaks the fast that has expiation? Yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Sit down. What is it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Intercourse. Perfect. Rest. Intercourse during the day of Ramadan, for whom is it obligatory upon whom fasting is obligatory? Listen, my man. Intercourse during the day of Ramadan, for whom is it obligatory upon whom fasting is obligatory. Good. Less than intercourse does not have expiation. If a person touches his wife and the semen comes out of him, he does not have expiation. He has to make up the fast, and he does not have expiation, because it is not intercourse. Good.
During the day of Ramadan, if a fasting person has intercourse while fasting an obligatory fast by vow, or expiation, or making up Ramadan, he does not have expiation. For example, a man is making up the fast for a previous Ramadan and has intercourse with his wife, he does not have what? He does not have expiation, but he sins because he invalidated the obligatory fast, and he has to make it up. Good. The third condition. Intercourse in what? During the day of Ramadan. Here, let us leave the conditions for now. For whom is it obligatory upon whom fasting is obligatory? Yes. From whom is fasting obligatory? So if it happens that a person is traveling with his family, and he is fasting during the day of Ramadan, and then he decides to have intercourse with his wife and has intercourse with her, what happens? He owes nothing. He owes nothing, because fasting is not obligatory upon him. Clear, my brothers. Pay attention to this issue. If we asked a questioner here in the Sacred Land and he said that he had intercourse with his wife during the day of Ramadan, do we say to him, "You have expiation" immediately? We ask, "Are you from the people of Makkah?" If he says yes, we say, "You have expiation." If he says no, I am performing 'Umrah, what do we say to him? "You owe nothing except making it up. You owe nothing except making it up." Why? Because fasting is not obligatory upon him, and he is a traveler. Clear. Good. Pay attention to this, because some muftis issue a ruling on this issue in a general way and do not specify, and they obligate this questioner with expiation, and it is not obligatory upon him. And as long as you are in a place where there are many travelers, specify.
Here also, an addition. If someone says: Why do we have to specify? Is not the original state the absence of the obstacle? Is not the original state the absence of the obstacle? The answer is yes, but if the majority or the many of those who are described with this obstacle, then specify, because it may be from them. And this is a point that the mufti must specify in the place of possibility, especially with the absence of knowledge, so that he issues a ruling with insight.
As for what we want, what we are going to talk about tonight, is that we talk about verses from the Book of Allah, in what we heard from our Imam tonight. And this night is the night of twenty-six of Ramadan of the year two hundred and forty. I speak by the grace of Allah and His bounty, with what He facilitates for us of the interpretation of some of the verses.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Wrong.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Good, you have done well. Fasting from what Allah the Mighty and Majestic has forbidden, and this spiritual fasting which is the spirit of physical fasting, and physical fasting from the things that break the fast, which we mentioned. What is your opinion, my brother? Stand up. What are the conditions of the things that break the fast of the one who is fasting? How many are they?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : I was not present. There is no power and no strength except by Allah. Yes, sit down.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Knowledge, and second, intention, and third.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : That he is knowledgeable, that he is intentional, that he is mindful. Good, sit down. Stand up. A fasting person forgot and ate. What do you say about his fasting? Is it valid?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Which of the conditions was lacking? The three conditions we just mentioned. The conditions are thirty.
The student: Three.
The Shaykh : Three. Good. And which one of them was lacking? What was lacking from these conditions in the example I gave?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : That he is mindful, because this person is forgetful. Sit down. What is the specific evidence that if a fasting person eats or drinks while forgetful, his fasting is valid?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : The hadith of Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
If anyone forgets that he is fasting and eats or drinks he should complete his fast, for it is only Allah Who has fed him and given him drink.
من نسي وهو صائم فأكل أو شرب فليتم صومه فإنما أطعمه الله وسقاهThe student: ... .
The Shaykh : The general evidence is the saying of Allah the Exalted:
Our Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have forgotten or erred.
ربنا لا تؤاخذنا إن نسينا أو أخطأناThe student: ... .
The Shaykh : His fasting is valid. Good. What is the specific evidence for this issue?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : She broke her fast, or what? The wording of the hadith. Yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : The meaning of the hadith, give it to me. That she broke her fast, and she alone, and her people, and the neighbors, and the neighbors, and the neighbors.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : And their neighbors. Rest, rest. You did not know. Aisha, the daughter of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him), said:
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, here, and then.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh :
Then the sun rose.
ثم طلعت الشمسOur Lord, do not impose blame upon us if we have forgotten or erred.
ربنا لا تؤاخذنا إن نسينا أو أخطأناThe student: ... .
The Shaykh : His fasting is valid, and he does not have to make it up because of the lack of intention. May Allah bless you. Rest. What is the evidence for the validity of his fasting?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes, May Allah bless you.
And there is no blame upon you for that in which you have erred but [only for] what your hearts intended
وليس عليكم جناح فيما أخطأتم به ولكن ما تعمدتم قلوبكمThe student: ...
The Shaykh : Permissible. Wrong. Yes, a man is in the state of ihram for 'Umrah and applies perfume while forgetful. Permissible. Wrong. He is forgetful. What is the answer? Here, what is it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : You said permissible. Rest. Yes, listen to the correct answer. He owes nothing. Be patient, pay attention, look. He owes nothing. There is a difference between our saying "permissible" and "he owes nothing." It is forbidden, even if he is forgetful. It is forbidden for him. Good. He owes nothing. The evidence.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Wrong. We want it from the Qur'an. Yes, that is right.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes, you have done well. Rest. And this answer that he gave opens a door for us, which is that whenever it is possible to find the evidence in the Qur'an, we do not turn away from it with anything, because the one who argues with the Sunnah, his opponent can say, "The hadith is established," but the one who argues with the Qur'an, his opponent cannot say, "The verse is established," because the verse is established. And therefore, listen, O student of knowledge, whenever it is possible for you to argue with the Qur'an, do not turn away from it with anything, and if it is Qur'an and Sunnah, how wonderful that is.
The important thing for us, my brothers, is a rule, I hope you pay attention to it, and I repeat that the religion is ease, and that all the prohibitions and forbidden things in acts of worship, or independently, if a person does them while forgetful, or ignorant, or not intentional, what is it? Then he owes nothing, except what relates to the rights of people, in which case the sin is removed from him, but he guarantees the rights of the people to them. So if one of the people destroys the property of a person while forgetful, there is no sin on him, but what? He guarantees it to its owner, unless he forgives him. Notice this, and the difference between the right of Allah and the right of the created being is clear, because the right of Allah the Mighty and Majestic is that by His grace and bounty, He informed us that He forgave it in the case of ignorance, or forgetfulness, or compulsion, or lack of intention. And as for the right of the human being, it is guaranteed in all cases. Clear. This is good.
What is the thing that breaks the fast for which expiation is obligatory? None of the things that break the fast have expiation. So what is the thing that breaks the fast that has expiation? Yes.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Sit down. What is it?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Intercourse. Perfect. Rest. Intercourse during the day of Ramadan, for whom is it obligatory upon whom fasting is obligatory? Listen, my man. Intercourse during the day of Ramadan, for whom is it obligatory upon whom fasting is obligatory. Good. Less than intercourse does not have expiation. If a person touches his wife and the semen comes out of him, he does not have expiation. He has to make up the fast, and he does not have expiation, because it is not intercourse. Good.
During the day of Ramadan, if a fasting person has intercourse while fasting an obligatory fast by vow, or expiation, or making up Ramadan, he does not have expiation. For example, a man is making up the fast for a previous Ramadan and has intercourse with his wife, he does not have what? He does not have expiation, but he sins because he invalidated the obligatory fast, and he has to make it up. Good. The third condition. Intercourse in what? During the day of Ramadan. Here, let us leave the conditions for now. For whom is it obligatory upon whom fasting is obligatory? Yes. From whom is fasting obligatory? So if it happens that a person is traveling with his family, and he is fasting during the day of Ramadan, and then he decides to have intercourse with his wife and has intercourse with her, what happens? He owes nothing. He owes nothing, because fasting is not obligatory upon him. Clear, my brothers. Pay attention to this issue. If we asked a questioner here in the Sacred Land and he said that he had intercourse with his wife during the day of Ramadan, do we say to him, "You have expiation" immediately? We ask, "Are you from the people of Makkah?" If he says yes, we say, "You have expiation." If he says no, I am performing 'Umrah, what do we say to him? "You owe nothing except making it up. You owe nothing except making it up." Why? Because fasting is not obligatory upon him, and he is a traveler. Clear. Good. Pay attention to this, because some muftis issue a ruling on this issue in a general way and do not specify, and they obligate this questioner with expiation, and it is not obligatory upon him. And as long as you are in a place where there are many travelers, specify.
Here also, an addition. If someone says: Why do we have to specify? Is not the original state the absence of the obstacle? Is not the original state the absence of the obstacle? The answer is yes, but if the majority or the many of those who are described with this obstacle, then specify, because it may be from them. And this is a point that the mufti must specify in the place of possibility, especially with the absence of knowledge, so that he issues a ruling with insight.
As for what we want, what we are going to talk about tonight, is that we talk about verses from the Book of Allah, in what we heard from our Imam tonight. And this night is the night of twenty-six of Ramadan of the year two hundred and forty. I speak by the grace of Allah and His bounty, with what He facilitates for us of the interpretation of some of the verses.