Benefits of the Hadith: (… so I swore to him, and he came, and we set out)
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The Shaykh : Among its benefits is the permissibility of swearing to another person. Where is this derived from?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : From the fact that he swore to his companion to go with him. But is this absolute, meaning the permissibility of swearing to another person to do an action or to leave something? We say there is a distinction. If it causes embarrassment or hardship for the other person, then one should not swear, because this is a form of harm, and Allah the Exalted has forbidden the believers from harming one another. However, if it does not harm him and there is no hardship for him, and you are confident that he will comply with your oath willingly and with a clear heart, then there is no harm. But is it permissible to swear to him about everything, even regarding his private affairs?
The student: … No.
The Shaykh : No, because this is a form of hardship and oppression? No. He said, “By Allah, tell me what happened between you and your family.” You are not obligated to tell him, even if he swears or asks by Allah. In such a situation, advise him, admonish him, and say, “It is forbidden for you to ask me by Allah to reveal the secrets of my home and my family, because this is a mistake.”
Among its benefits is sending blessings upon the deceased. Yes, before that.
Among its benefits is also that a person should, when someone he knows and someone he does not know come to him, ask about the one he does not know. This is because the visitor might be a friend of the guest but an enemy of the host, and he might gather news, spread secrets, and cause harm. So you should ask who is with you so that you know whether he is a friend or an enemy. For Aisha said to him: “Who is with you?”
Among its benefits is also asking for clarification about something ambiguous. One of its benefits is asking for clarification about the ambiguous, meaning if two people share the same name, but it is unclear to you which of the two is meant, then ask for clarification so that you are on the right path. For when Sa'd ibn Hisham said, “Which Hisham?” it was to know whether it was the Hisham in her mind or another Hisham.
Among the benefits of this hadith is praising and making du'a for the deceased if he is worthy of it. For Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) sent blessings upon him and praised him well. So if a deceased person is mentioned to you and you know that he is among the people of good, then send blessings upon him and praise him well. As for sending blessings upon him, he is in need of that, for he is most in need of righteous deeds and righteous du'a in his state. And as for praising him well, it is to plant the love of people for him, and if they love him, they will make du'a for him with good, mercy, and forgiveness.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : From the fact that he swore to his companion to go with him. But is this absolute, meaning the permissibility of swearing to another person to do an action or to leave something? We say there is a distinction. If it causes embarrassment or hardship for the other person, then one should not swear, because this is a form of harm, and Allah the Exalted has forbidden the believers from harming one another. However, if it does not harm him and there is no hardship for him, and you are confident that he will comply with your oath willingly and with a clear heart, then there is no harm. But is it permissible to swear to him about everything, even regarding his private affairs?
The student: … No.
The Shaykh : No, because this is a form of hardship and oppression? No. He said, “By Allah, tell me what happened between you and your family.” You are not obligated to tell him, even if he swears or asks by Allah. In such a situation, advise him, admonish him, and say, “It is forbidden for you to ask me by Allah to reveal the secrets of my home and my family, because this is a mistake.”
Among its benefits is sending blessings upon the deceased. Yes, before that.
Among its benefits is also that a person should, when someone he knows and someone he does not know come to him, ask about the one he does not know. This is because the visitor might be a friend of the guest but an enemy of the host, and he might gather news, spread secrets, and cause harm. So you should ask who is with you so that you know whether he is a friend or an enemy. For Aisha said to him: “Who is with you?”
Among its benefits is also asking for clarification about something ambiguous. One of its benefits is asking for clarification about the ambiguous, meaning if two people share the same name, but it is unclear to you which of the two is meant, then ask for clarification so that you are on the right path. For when Sa'd ibn Hisham said, “Which Hisham?” it was to know whether it was the Hisham in her mind or another Hisham.
Among the benefits of this hadith is praising and making du'a for the deceased if he is worthy of it. For Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) sent blessings upon him and praised him well. So if a deceased person is mentioned to you and you know that he is among the people of good, then send blessings upon him and praise him well. As for sending blessings upon him, he is in need of that, for he is most in need of righteous deeds and righteous du'a in his state. And as for praising him well, it is to plant the love of people for him, and if they love him, they will make du'a for him with good, mercy, and forgiveness.