Tafsir of Surat al-Shams up to the saying of Allah the Exalted: "And he who failed in it."

The Shaykh : Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and his Companions, and upon those who follow them with excellence until the Day of Judgment.
As for what follows:
This is the seventy-third session of the Open Door sessions, which takes place every Thursday of every week, and this Thursday is the tenth of the month of Rabi' al-Thani, 1415.
We are discussing the beginning of Surat al-Shams, where Allah Blessed and Exalted is He said:
to the end.
As for the Basmala, we will not repeat the discussion on it because it is well known and frequently mentioned, but we begin with the verses in the saying of Allah the Exalted: : Allah the Exalted swore by the sun and its brightness, which is its light, because of the great signs therein indicating the perfection of the power of Allah Glorified and Exalted is He, and the perfection of His knowledge and His mercy.
Indeed, in this sun there are signs that some people do not grasp. I give you an example: when the sun rises, how much electrical energy does it save the world? It saves billions of millions, because they are spared from needing this energy. And how much does the earth receive from its heat in terms of ripening fruits and the goodness of trees? None knows this except Allah Mighty and Majestic. And there are many benefits in it that I cannot count, because most of them relate to the science of astronomy, the science of the earth, and geology, and I cannot count them, but they are among the great signs of Allah.
The moon when it follows it. It was said: when it follows it in movement, and it was said: when it follows it in illumination. And as long as the verse allows for both meanings, the rule in the science of tafsir is: if a verse allows for two meanings, it is obligatory to take both, because taking both meanings is broader for the meaning. So we say: when it follows it in movement, because the moon lags behind the sun every day. So while you find it close to it in the west at the beginning of the month, it is at its farthest from it in the east in the middle of the month, because it lags behind every day. Or when it follows it in illumination, because when the sun sets, the light of the moon appears, especially in the second quarter until the end of the third quarter, when the light of the moon is clear and distinct.
That is, if seven days have passed and seven days remain, the light is weak. Yes, if seven days have passed until seven days remain, the light is strong. And as for the first seven and the last seven, the light is weak. In any case, the illumination of the moon does not occur except after the light of the sun has gone, as is apparent.
So Allah swore by the sun because it is the sign of the day, and by the moon because it is the sign of the night.
Contrary to each other. The day when it reveals the earth and makes it clear and distinct, because it is a day by which things become clear and distinct. When it covers the earth until it is like a cloak spread over something.
This becomes clearly evident when the sun sets and you are in an airplane. When the sun sets and you are in an airplane, you find that the earth is black beneath you, because you are seeing the sun due to your altitude, but the earth beneath you, where the sun has set, you find it black as if it is covered by a black cloak. And this is the meaning of His saying: .
The sky and the earth are opposite each other. The exegetes said: what is here is a verbal noun, meaning: and the sky and its construction, because the sky is great in its height, its vastness, its strength, and other things that are among the signs of Allah in it. And likewise its construction is a firm construction, as Allah Blessed and Exalted is He said: .
Meaning the earth and what it spread out, until it was level, and until it was not too soft and not too hard, but suitable for creation according to what they need. And this is among the grace of Allah Glorified and Exalted is He upon His servants, that He leveled the earth for them and made it between softness and hardness, except in some places, but this little does not determine the much.
The soul here, although it is singular, the intended meaning is generality, meaning every soul. He shaped it: He created it and He shaped it by nature. He shaped it by creation, where He created everything in the way that suits it and suits its state. Allah the Exalted said: Meaning: the creation suitable for it. Meaning: He guided it to its interests. And likewise He shaped it by nature, especially humans, for Allah the Exalted made their nature sincerity and tawhid (the oneness of Allah), as Allah the Exalted said: Who inspired it? Allah Mighty and Majestic inspired these souls. He began with transgression before piety, although piety is undoubtedly better. They said: out of consideration for the rhymes of the verses.
What is transgression? We say: it is the opposite of piety. And piety is obedience to Allah, so transgression is disobedience to Allah. So every one who disobeys is a transgressor, although the transgressor is specifically known by custom as one who is not chaste, but legally it encompasses everyone who departs from the obedience of Allah, as He the Exalted said: And the intended meaning is the disbelievers.
And He inspired it its piety: He inspired it piety. Which one is in accordance with the nature? The second or the first? The second, because transgression is outside the nature. But Allah may inspire some souls to deviate due to their deviation, as He the Exalted said: And Allah the Exalted does not wrong anyone, but from whom He knows that he does not want the truth, Allah turns his heart away. We ask Allah for safety. .
Meaning: he succeeded in what was required and was saved from what was feared. Meaning: the one who purified his soul. And the intended meaning of purification here is not the purification prohibited in His saying: The intended meaning of purification here is that he purifies his soul by making it sincere from shirk (associating partners with Allah) and the impurities of sins, so that it remains pure, clean, and clear. Meaning: the one who led it to destructions and sins. And this in reality requires the supplication to Allah Glorified and Exalted is He that He may make the person steadfast, that Allah may make the person steadfast in His obedience and with the firm word.
So you, my Muslim brother, must always ask Allah for steadfastness, beneficial knowledge, and righteous action, for Allah the Exalted said in His Book: .
We ask Allah to make us and you among the guided, the righteous, and the reformers.
And now to the question time, and we start from the right. And our custom is that no one comments on the question and that a person does not ask more than one question. Please.