He also asks whether the prayer is made up, whether it is obligatory or required, and whether it is made up in its time, such as if I missed the Maghrib prayer and the time for 'Isha' entered and I did not pray.
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The questioner : He also asks whether the prayer is made up, whether it is obligatory or required, and whether it is made up in its time, such as if I missed the Maghrib prayer and the time for 'Isha' entered and I did not pray Maghrib, is it permissible for me to pray 'Isha' and then pray Maghrib immediately after, or should I pray Maghrib the next day in its time after the obligatory prayer?
The Shaykh : We say that it is obligatory for you to make up the obligatory prayer if you missed it for an excuse, such as forgetting or sleeping. You must make it up as soon as that excuse is removed, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : In the example you mentioned, where you missed the Maghrib prayer and the time for 'Isha' entered, you start with the Maghrib prayer first, then you pray 'Isha' after it, because order is necessary between the prayers as Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He) commanded. So the Maghrib prayer is prayed before 'Isha', and Fajr is prayed before Dhuhr, and Dhuhr is prayed before 'Asr, and so on.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : As for your statement that you make it up in its corresponding time, this is not correct, even though some of the general public think that if a person misses prayers, he makes up each prayer with its counterpart on the second day.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : But this is ignorance. As for the voluntary prayers, they are made up if they are missed, and this applies to those with fixed times, such as the rawatib attached to the obligatory prayers. If they are missed, it is authentically reported from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the story of his companions sleeping through the Fajr prayer that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed the two rak'ahs of Fajr and then prayed the obligatory prayer.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : Likewise, if the witr is missed due to sleep, illness, or something similar, it is made up during the day, but it is made up as an even number, not as witr, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). So, if you miss the witr due to sleep, for example, if you delayed it and left it until the end of the night and then did not get up, and it was your habit to pray witr with three rak'ahs, then you pray four rak'ahs of Duha.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : You do not pray three, because the wisdom behind the three is to make the night prayer odd, and the night prayer has ended. So, you make up four rak'ahs in place of the three, as came in the hadith from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). As for the absolute voluntary prayers, they have no specific time, so we do not say they are made up if their time is missed. As for voluntary prayers with causes, such as the greeting of the mosque and the eclipse prayer, they are not made up if their cause is missed. For example, if the eclipse ends and the sun or moon becomes clear, the eclipse prayer is not made up. Likewise, if a person sits in the mosque and the sitting is prolonged, he does not make up the greeting of the mosque because it was missed from its time. Likewise, the sunnah of wudu: if a person performs wudu and then does not pray, and the time for his prayer is delayed, he does not pray it.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : It is thus clear that the obligatory prayers are made up in all cases in the time when the excuse is removed, and likewise the fixed rawatib, such as the witr, and likewise the voluntary prayers fixed by time, such as the witr and the rawatib. As for the absolute voluntary prayers, they are not made up because they have no specific time; rather, one prays voluntary prayers whenever he wishes.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : In times other than the prohibited times. As for the voluntary prayers with causes, which is the fourth category, if their causes are missed, they are not made up either, because they are tied to their cause. If they are delayed beyond it, they were not performed for that cause, so they are not made up. On this occasion, I would like to say that the missed prayers are divided into categories. Some are made up in their original form when the preventing excuse is removed, such as the five daily prayers. Some are made up, but a substitute is performed for them, such as Jumu'ah: if it is missed, it is made up in its time when the excuse is removed, and the person prays it as Dhuhr, not as Jumu'ah. Some are made up in their corresponding time in their original form, such as the 'Id prayer: if it is missed due to the sun setting, it is made up on the second day in the time of the 'Id prayer of the previous day. Some are made up when remembered, but not in their original form, such as the witr, as we recently mentioned.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : And some are not made up, such as those with causes, as we also recently mentioned.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : Then know that if you make up a missed obligatory prayer, you make it up in the form in which it became obligatory upon you. So, if you make up the night prayer during the day, you recite aloud in it, just as if you made up the Fajr prayer after the sun rises, you recite aloud in it as if you were performing it, because this is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
The questioner : O Allah, send blessings and peace upon him.
The Shaykh : And if you make up a daytime prayer at night, you recite quietly in it and do not recite aloud, just as if you slept through the 'Asr prayer and did not wake up until after the sun set, you pray 'Asr, but you recite quietly in it.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : And if you make up a travel prayer while you are in your home country, you make it up as two rak'ahs and do not make it up as four, because it became obligatory upon you as two rak'ahs, and making up a prayer mirrors its performance.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : And if you remember a resident prayer while you are traveling and make it up, you make it up as four rak'ahs, because it became obligatory upon you as four rak'ahs, and making up a prayer mirrors its performance. The important point is that the made-up obligatory prayers from the five daily prayers are made up in their form, both in manner and quantity.
The questioner : Yes, he also has a question. He says: Who is... Waleed 'Umar Salem.
The Shaykh : We say that it is obligatory for you to make up the obligatory prayer if you missed it for an excuse, such as forgetting or sleeping. You must make it up as soon as that excuse is removed, based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
Whoever sleeps through a prayer or forgets it, let him pray it when he remembers it. There is no expiation for it except that.
من نام عن صلاة أو نسيها فليصلها إذا ذكرها لا كفارة لها إلا ذلكThe questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : In the example you mentioned, where you missed the Maghrib prayer and the time for 'Isha' entered, you start with the Maghrib prayer first, then you pray 'Isha' after it, because order is necessary between the prayers as Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He) commanded. So the Maghrib prayer is prayed before 'Isha', and Fajr is prayed before Dhuhr, and Dhuhr is prayed before 'Asr, and so on.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : As for your statement that you make it up in its corresponding time, this is not correct, even though some of the general public think that if a person misses prayers, he makes up each prayer with its counterpart on the second day.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : But this is ignorance. As for the voluntary prayers, they are made up if they are missed, and this applies to those with fixed times, such as the rawatib attached to the obligatory prayers. If they are missed, it is authentically reported from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the story of his companions sleeping through the Fajr prayer that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prayed the two rak'ahs of Fajr and then prayed the obligatory prayer.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : Likewise, if the witr is missed due to sleep, illness, or something similar, it is made up during the day, but it is made up as an even number, not as witr, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)
He used to pray twelve rak'ahs during the day if sleep or pain overtook him regarding the witr prayer.
كان إذا غلبه نوم أو وجع عن صلاة الوتر صلى في النهار ثنتي عشرة ركعةThe questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : You do not pray three, because the wisdom behind the three is to make the night prayer odd, and the night prayer has ended. So, you make up four rak'ahs in place of the three, as came in the hadith from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). As for the absolute voluntary prayers, they have no specific time, so we do not say they are made up if their time is missed. As for voluntary prayers with causes, such as the greeting of the mosque and the eclipse prayer, they are not made up if their cause is missed. For example, if the eclipse ends and the sun or moon becomes clear, the eclipse prayer is not made up. Likewise, if a person sits in the mosque and the sitting is prolonged, he does not make up the greeting of the mosque because it was missed from its time. Likewise, the sunnah of wudu: if a person performs wudu and then does not pray, and the time for his prayer is delayed, he does not pray it.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : It is thus clear that the obligatory prayers are made up in all cases in the time when the excuse is removed, and likewise the fixed rawatib, such as the witr, and likewise the voluntary prayers fixed by time, such as the witr and the rawatib. As for the absolute voluntary prayers, they are not made up because they have no specific time; rather, one prays voluntary prayers whenever he wishes.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : In times other than the prohibited times. As for the voluntary prayers with causes, which is the fourth category, if their causes are missed, they are not made up either, because they are tied to their cause. If they are delayed beyond it, they were not performed for that cause, so they are not made up. On this occasion, I would like to say that the missed prayers are divided into categories. Some are made up in their original form when the preventing excuse is removed, such as the five daily prayers. Some are made up, but a substitute is performed for them, such as Jumu'ah: if it is missed, it is made up in its time when the excuse is removed, and the person prays it as Dhuhr, not as Jumu'ah. Some are made up in their corresponding time in their original form, such as the 'Id prayer: if it is missed due to the sun setting, it is made up on the second day in the time of the 'Id prayer of the previous day. Some are made up when remembered, but not in their original form, such as the witr, as we recently mentioned.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : And some are not made up, such as those with causes, as we also recently mentioned.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : Then know that if you make up a missed obligatory prayer, you make it up in the form in which it became obligatory upon you. So, if you make up the night prayer during the day, you recite aloud in it, just as if you made up the Fajr prayer after the sun rises, you recite aloud in it as if you were performing it, because this is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
The questioner : O Allah, send blessings and peace upon him.
The Shaykh : And if you make up a daytime prayer at night, you recite quietly in it and do not recite aloud, just as if you slept through the 'Asr prayer and did not wake up until after the sun set, you pray 'Asr, but you recite quietly in it.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : And if you make up a travel prayer while you are in your home country, you make it up as two rak'ahs and do not make it up as four, because it became obligatory upon you as two rak'ahs, and making up a prayer mirrors its performance.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : And if you remember a resident prayer while you are traveling and make it up, you make it up as four rak'ahs, because it became obligatory upon you as four rak'ahs, and making up a prayer mirrors its performance. The important point is that the made-up obligatory prayers from the five daily prayers are made up in their form, both in manner and quantity.
The questioner : Yes, he also has a question. He says: Who is... Waleed 'Umar Salem.