What type of exception is in His saying: “Say: None in the heavens or on earth knows the unseen except Allah”?

This is an empty exception (istithna' mufarragh), because is the subject, just like: “There is no god except Allah.” This is an empty exception, meaning no one knows except Allah (Mighty and Majestic). The purpose of an empty exception is restriction. It seems that confused you. Even if we said , Allah the Exalted is in the sky as He described Himself, so Allah the Exalted is above everything. It is empty; it is not a connected exception, meaning it is not an exception where the excluded-from is connected. No, it is not an empty exception. I said “empty” in error. This is a correct exception, an exception from a complete negative statement. In every sense, “None in the heavens and none on earth knows the unseen except Allah.” This is a substitute (badal) for “who.” The substitute, as the grammarians said, is the dependent word intended by the ruling. Since it is a dependent word intended by the ruling, the meaning of the verse is: “None knows the unseen except Allah.” It is “who,” but since it was a substitute, it was raised in case, and since it was a substitute, it became the intended object of the ruling, so it is as if it says: “None knows the unseen except Allah.” This is the analysis. Yes.