If a disbeliever is killed outside of war, is he liable for compensation if he becomes a Muslim?

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The student: ... a disbeliever killed him outside of war, is he liable for compensation if he becomes a Muslim?

The Shaykh : In principle, a disbeliever is a combatant unless there is a treaty between us and him. We have the right to kill him, and he has the right to kill us. By "he has the right," I mean that if he kills us, he is not liable for compensation; otherwise, it is forbidden for him to kill us, and it is forbidden for him to disbelieve. For this reason, the stronger position is that disbelievers are addressed by the branches of the Shari'ah, just as they are addressed by the oneness of Allah. In fact, I say that a disbeliever is sinful even in what is permissible. Right now, a disbeliever eats and drinks, feels safe, wears clothes, and enjoys every blessing; he is punished for all of it, in addition to the punishment for disbelief. Allah said:

⁽¹⁹⁶⁾ Be not deceived by the [uninhibited] movement of the disbelievers throughout the land. ⁽¹⁹⁷⁾ [It is but] a small enjoyment; then their [final] refuge is Hell, and wretched is the resting place.

لا يغرنك تقلب الذين كفروا في البلاد متاع قليل ثم مأواهم جهنم وبئس المهاد

[Ali 'Imran 3:196-197]

And when the inhabitants of the Fire are asked, "What led you into the Fire?" they say:

⁽⁴³⁾ They will say, "We were not of those who prayed, ⁽⁴⁴⁾ Nor did we used to feed the poor. ⁽⁴⁵⁾ And we used to enter into vain discourse with those who engaged [in it], ⁽⁴⁶⁾ And we used to deny the Day of Recompense ⁽⁴⁷⁾ Until there came to us the certainty."

لم نكن من المصلين ولم نك نطعم المسكين وكنا نخوض مع الخائضين وكنا نكذب بيوم الدين حتى أتانا اليقين

[Al-Muddaththir 74:43-47]

If you understand, they are sinful. And the Exalted said:

There is not upon those who believe and do righteousness [any] blame concerning what they have eaten

ليس على الذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات جناح فيما طعموا

[Al-Ma'idah 5:93]

and others bear a sin. And the Exalted said:

Say, "Who has forbidden the adornment of Allah which He has produced for His servants and the good [lawful] things of provision?" Say, "They are for those who believe during the worldly life [but] exclusively for them on the Day of Resurrection."

قُلْ مَنْ حَرَّمَ زِينَةَ اللَّهِ الَّتِي أَخْرَجَ لِعِبَادِهِ وَالطَّيِّبَاتِ مِنَ الرِّزْقِ قُلْ هِيَ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا خَالِصَةً يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ

[Al-A'raf: 32] for those who believe, and not for those who do not believe; it is not theirs, nor is it pure for them on the Day of Resurrection. The disbeliever is the enemy of Allah. Even if the entire world were equal to the wing of a mosquito in the sight of Allah, He would not give a disbeliever a drink of water from it. Therefore, if they eat, drink, feel safe, are healthy, or receive any blessing, they are punished for it.

Source alathar.net

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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