(Explanation of the influence of all deviant sects on the sayings of Jahm) They understood only the husks, and the husks are their foundation*** and the kernel is the essence of the human being, and for this reason the sects divided his saying***
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The Shaykh : The author says that the sects, meaning the people of innovation, divided the saying of Jahm. One of them took one share, and one took two shares, and one took many shares. Yes, for example, he denied Allah regarding His names, denied Allah regarding His attributes, denied Allah regarding His actions, and said that faith is one single thing and that speech and action do not enter into it. He affirmed compulsion and denied that the servant has any choice. Yes, these are five things. The people divided them among themselves. Some of the people affirmed the names and denied the attributes, such as the Mu'tazilah. And some of them affirmed the names and affirmed seven of the attributes, and they are the Asha'irah.
And some of them said that the human being is compelled in his action, but it is not correct for us to say he is compelled; rather, we say his action is an acquisition for him and it is a creation of Allah, as the Asha'irah said. For this reason, the acquisition in the view of al-Ash'ari has no value at all; it is one of the things that has no meaning. And some of them said that Allah the Exalted is not described with voluntary actions. So the important point is that the people, and may Allah protect us, divided the saying of Jahm among themselves. Some of them took a share, some of them took two shares, and some of them took three.
And some of them said that the human being is compelled in his action, but it is not correct for us to say he is compelled; rather, we say his action is an acquisition for him and it is a creation of Allah, as the Asha'irah said. For this reason, the acquisition in the view of al-Ash'ari has no value at all; it is one of the things that has no meaning. And some of them said that Allah the Exalted is not described with voluntary actions. So the important point is that the people, and may Allah protect us, divided the saying of Jahm among themselves. Some of them took a share, some of them took two shares, and some of them took three.