Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): Continuation of what preceded: And out of necessity, like the daughters of the opera *** Likewise, and you have pleased your soul, O Qays al-Sari.
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The Shaykh : Until we tell you: choose whatever you wish from the languages of the Arabs, it is for necessity, "And necessity is measured by its extent", but if this poet said: Are they not men?! We would say to him: Yes, he says: And I?
The student: A man.
The Shaykh : A man, so if their poetry compels them to deviate from the Arabic language in the eyes of people, then so it is for me; if he wants to argue with us, we say: do whatever you want, fine.
"Likewise, and you have pleased your soul, O Qays al-Sari":
"You have pleased your soul": "You have pleased your soul, O Qays": this also refers to a verse of necessity, in which the poet says:
"I saw you when you recognized our faces *** You turned away and pleased your soul, O Qays, from 'Amr"
"I saw you when you recognized our faces *** You turned away and pleased your soul, O Qays, from 'Amr"
"The soul": here it is a specification (tamyiz) converted from the subject, and its original form is: "and your soul was pleased." The specification, according to the majority of grammarians, must be indefinite and it is not permissible for it to be definite. So when this verse is presented to them, they say: this is a necessity, so it is an extra word, because it entered a word that must be indefinite. This is the aspect of the addition; it entered a word that must be indefinite. Is this a matter of craft or language?
The student: Craft.
The Shaykh : Craft, unless we are certain that the specification was not reported from the Arabs as definite, in which case it is language. But in any case, the majority of grammarians say: it is not permissible for the specification to be definite. So when this verse is brought, we say: what is it?
The student: Necessity.
The Shaykh : Necessity, "I saw you when you recognized our faces *** You turned away and pleased your soul, O Qays, from 'Amr", is this a criticism of him or praise?
The student: Criticism.
The Shaykh : Yes?
The student: I don't know.
The Shaykh : He doesn't know.
The student: Criticism, because he turned away from 'Amr.
The Shaykh : Yes, but do these people seek his reconciliation, asking for his forgiveness and saying: what did we do that you turned away from us? Yes, and that he is a man who has value; if he turns away from someone, he has value. What appears, and Allah knows best, is that Ibn Malik understood this, and for this reason he said:
"O Qays al-Sari": al-Sari: the noble one, as Ibn Malik said in the chapter of the subject (mubtada'):
"Like them, noble, white-haired men": meaning: noble people. Is that clear? So it appears that Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) understood that this man is a noble man, and that these people are seeking his reconciliation, asking him for forgiveness and that he be pleased with them:
"I saw you when you recognized our faces *** You turned away and pleased your soul, O Qays, from 'Amr"
Fine, so what is the sign that it is an extra word for necessity? We say: if it enters a word that must be free of it in poetry, then it is an extra word for necessity. Then he mentioned the third section and said:
"And some of the markers upon it are two *** For the glimpse of what was transmitted from it"
To the end of it.
The student: A man.
The Shaykh : A man, so if their poetry compels them to deviate from the Arabic language in the eyes of people, then so it is for me; if he wants to argue with us, we say: do whatever you want, fine.
"Likewise, and you have pleased your soul, O Qays al-Sari":
"You have pleased your soul": "You have pleased your soul, O Qays": this also refers to a verse of necessity, in which the poet says:
"I saw you when you recognized our faces *** You turned away and pleased your soul, O Qays, from 'Amr"
"I saw you when you recognized our faces *** You turned away and pleased your soul, O Qays, from 'Amr"
"The soul": here it is a specification (tamyiz) converted from the subject, and its original form is: "and your soul was pleased." The specification, according to the majority of grammarians, must be indefinite and it is not permissible for it to be definite. So when this verse is presented to them, they say: this is a necessity, so it is an extra word, because it entered a word that must be indefinite. This is the aspect of the addition; it entered a word that must be indefinite. Is this a matter of craft or language?
The student: Craft.
The Shaykh : Craft, unless we are certain that the specification was not reported from the Arabs as definite, in which case it is language. But in any case, the majority of grammarians say: it is not permissible for the specification to be definite. So when this verse is brought, we say: what is it?
The student: Necessity.
The Shaykh : Necessity, "I saw you when you recognized our faces *** You turned away and pleased your soul, O Qays, from 'Amr", is this a criticism of him or praise?
The student: Criticism.
The Shaykh : Yes?
The student: I don't know.
The Shaykh : He doesn't know.
The student: Criticism, because he turned away from 'Amr.
The Shaykh : Yes, but do these people seek his reconciliation, asking for his forgiveness and saying: what did we do that you turned away from us? Yes, and that he is a man who has value; if he turns away from someone, he has value. What appears, and Allah knows best, is that Ibn Malik understood this, and for this reason he said:
"O Qays al-Sari": al-Sari: the noble one, as Ibn Malik said in the chapter of the subject (mubtada'):
"Like them, noble, white-haired men": meaning: noble people. Is that clear? So it appears that Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) understood that this man is a noble man, and that these people are seeking his reconciliation, asking him for forgiveness and that he be pleased with them:
"I saw you when you recognized our faces *** You turned away and pleased your soul, O Qays, from 'Amr"
Fine, so what is the sign that it is an extra word for necessity? We say: if it enters a word that must be free of it in poetry, then it is an extra word for necessity. Then he mentioned the third section and said:
"And some of the markers upon it are two *** For the glimpse of what was transmitted from it"
To the end of it.