Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "Or it was predicated of one with the lam of beginning *** Or of one that must be at the head, like 'Who has a helper for me'"
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The Shaykh :"Or it was predicated of one with the lam of beginning":
"Or it was": meaning the predicate, "predicated of one": meaning of a subject, "with the lam of beginning": meaning of a subject containing the lam of beginning, for it is not permissible to advance the predicate. Did you understand?
The student: Please repeat, I’m sorry.
The Shaykh : If the predicate is predicated of a subject containing the lam of beginning, it is not permissible to advance it. The example is: "La-Zaydun qaimun" (Zayd is standing), "La-Zaydun qaimun." This lam is the lam of beginning. It is not permissible for me to say: "Qaimun la-Zaydun" (Standing is Zayd). Why is it not permissible? Because this is a contradiction. The lam is the lam of beginning, and now I have made it come after, and this is not permissible grammatically. It is not permissible grammatically. "La-Zaydun qaimun." We say: It is not permissible to advance the predicate because a contradiction results, for the lam of beginning must be at the head of the sentence. He said:
"Or it was predicated of one with the lam of beginning *** Or of one that must be at the head, like 'Who has a helper for me'",
Do you have "lazim" with a kasrah or with a fathah?
The student: With a kasrah.
The Shaykh : With a kasrah, yes. If it is predicated of a subject that must be at the head—meaning it requires the head position—it is not permissible to advance it. The example is: "Man liya munjidan" (Who has a helper for me): so "man" (who) is the subject, "liya" (for me) is its predicate, and "munjidan" (a helper) is a state. Meaning, if the subject requires the head position, it is not permissible for the predicate to precede it. Or "was" (was): the pronoun refers to what? To what? "Or it was predicated": the pronoun refers to the predicate. "Predicated of one": meaning of a subject that must be at the head, or it was predicated of one that must be at the head. What is one that must be at the head? There are words that must be at the head.
"Or it was": meaning the predicate, "predicated of one": meaning of a subject, "with the lam of beginning": meaning of a subject containing the lam of beginning, for it is not permissible to advance the predicate. Did you understand?
The student: Please repeat, I’m sorry.
The Shaykh : If the predicate is predicated of a subject containing the lam of beginning, it is not permissible to advance it. The example is: "La-Zaydun qaimun" (Zayd is standing), "La-Zaydun qaimun." This lam is the lam of beginning. It is not permissible for me to say: "Qaimun la-Zaydun" (Standing is Zayd). Why is it not permissible? Because this is a contradiction. The lam is the lam of beginning, and now I have made it come after, and this is not permissible grammatically. It is not permissible grammatically. "La-Zaydun qaimun." We say: It is not permissible to advance the predicate because a contradiction results, for the lam of beginning must be at the head of the sentence. He said:
"Or it was predicated of one with the lam of beginning *** Or of one that must be at the head, like 'Who has a helper for me'",
Do you have "lazim" with a kasrah or with a fathah?
The student: With a kasrah.
The Shaykh : With a kasrah, yes. If it is predicated of a subject that must be at the head—meaning it requires the head position—it is not permissible to advance it. The example is: "Man liya munjidan" (Who has a helper for me): so "man" (who) is the subject, "liya" (for me) is its predicate, and "munjidan" (a helper) is a state. Meaning, if the subject requires the head position, it is not permissible for the predicate to precede it. Or "was" (was): the pronoun refers to what? To what? "Or it was predicated": the pronoun refers to the predicate. "Predicated of one": meaning of a subject that must be at the head, or it was predicated of one that must be at the head. What is one that must be at the head? There are words that must be at the head.