A discussion on what was previously taken from the chapter on *kana* and its sisters.
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : What is the function of *kana* and its sisters?
The student: It raises the subject... *kana Zaydun qayyiman* (Zayd was standing).
The Shaykh : Parse it.
The student: *Kana* is an incomplete particle that raises the subject.
The Shaykh : And what is its function?
The student: An incomplete particle.
The Shaykh : A particle.
The student: A past tense verb.
The Shaykh : A copula.
The student: It raises the subject and puts the predicate in the accusative case. *Zayd* is the subject of *kana* in the nominative case.
The Shaykh : It is better to say it raises the subject, or do you say it raises the subject as its subject?
The student: It raises the subject as its subject and puts the predicate in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : Very well.
*Zayd*: The subject of *kana* in the nominative case, and the sign of its nominative case is the *dammah*.
*Qayyiman*: The predicate of *kana* in the accusative case, and the sign of its accusative case is the *fathah*.
The Shaykh : Now, what if I said *kana Zayyadan qayyiman*?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : *Kana Zayyadan qayyiman*.
The student: *Kana Zayyadan* is not correct.
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: It does not happen.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Because *kana* raises the subject and puts the predicate in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : Now, what about *kana Zayyadan qayyumun*?
The student: *Kana Zayyadan qayyumun*, no, that is not correct.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Because... its accusative case.
The Shaykh : Correct? Now we need an example for *zala*.
The student: *Zala al-jawu hararan* (The weather remained hot).
The Shaykh : *Zala al-jawu hararan*, why? Because the air conditioner was not turned on? Now, parse it.
The student: *Zala* is a past tense copula verb, built on *fathah*, that raises the subject as its subject and puts the predicate in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: ...
*Al-jaw*: The subject of *zala* in the nominative case, and the sign of its nominative case is the visible *dammah* on its end.
*Hararan*: The predicate of *zala* in the accusative case, and the sign of its accusative case is the visible *fathah* on its end.
The Shaykh : Now, come on, Aqil.
The student: The predicate of *zala*, the predicate of *laysa* said.
The Shaykh : No, no, *zala*, I gave you *zala*, come on, Aqil, give us an example for *bata*.
The student: *Bata al-waladu mujtahidan* (The boy remained diligent).
The Shaykh : Yes, parse it.
The student: *Bata* is a past tense copula incomplete verb that raises the subject as its subject and raises the predicate.
The Shaykh : Raises the predicate.
The student: Puts the predicate in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: *Al-walad*: The subject of *kana*.
The Shaykh : It is not *kana*, we have *bata*.
The student: The subject of *bata* in the nominative case, and the sign of its nominative case is the visible *dammah* on its end.
*Mujtahidan* is the predicate of *bata* in the accusative case, and the sign of its accusative case is the visible *fathah* on its end.
The Shaykh : What?
The student: A visible *fathah* on its end.
The Shaykh : Correct, is it correct? Did you hear its parsing?
The student: Correct.
The Shaykh : Now, one, two, three, come on, 'Abdullah, parse it, give an example for *asbaha*.
The student: *Asbaha*.
The Shaykh : From the Qur'an, ... the brother, Zaki.
The student:[Al-Qasas 28:10]
The Shaykh :[Al-Qasas 28:10] Parse it, *asbaha*.
The student: *Asbaha* is a copula verb that raises the subject.
The Shaykh : And is it a present tense verb or what?
The student: A past tense copula verb.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: It raises the subject and puts the predicate in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: *Fu'ad*: The subject of *asbaha* in the nominative case, and the sign of its nominative case is the visible *dammah* on its end.
*Umm*: *Fu'ad* is the possessed, *Umm* is the possessor in the genitive case, and the sign of its genitive case is the visible *kasrah* on its end.
*Musa*: *Umm* is the possessed, *Musa* is the possessor in the genitive case with a *dammah* that is estimated.
The Shaykh : With a *dammah*.
The student: In the genitive case with an estimated *kasrah* prevented from...
The Shaykh : Wrong, wait, wait, you see, if he knew, it would be different, the arrows have been set.
The student: *Umm*: The possessed.
The Shaykh : Yes, that is right.
The student: And *Musa*.
The Shaykh : The possessor, yes.
The student: The possessor is built.
The Shaykh : Built on what? Now... come on, Nasser.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Wrong, yes.
The student: ... in place of the estimated *kasrah*...
The Shaykh : And the preventer.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Correct? Yes, yes, continue.
The student: *Fariqan* is the predicate of *asbaha* in the accusative case, and the sign of its accusative case is the visible *fathah* on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes, one, two, three, come on, Nasser, *zala* as a present tense verb from the Qur'an.
The student: *Zala*.
The Shaykh : Yes, as a present tense verb from the Qur'an.
The student:[Hud 11:118]
The Shaykh :[Hud 11:119] [Hud 11:118-119] Now parse [Hud 11:118]
The student: *La* is a negation particle.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: It has no grammatical position
And *yazalu* is a present tense verb in the nominative case, and the sign of its nominative case is the retention of the *nun*, and the *waw* is the subject.
The Shaykh : A present tense copula verb.
The student: A present tense copula verb.
The Shaykh : It performs the function of *kana*, in the nominative case.
The student: In the nominative case, and the sign of its nominative case is the retention of the *nun*.
The Shaykh : Yes, yes, and the *waw*.
The student: The *waw* is a connected pronoun built on *sukun* in the position of... the nominative case of the subject.
The Shaykh : The subject of *yazalu*.
The student: The subject of *yazalu*.
The Shaykh : Now, and *mukhtalifayn*?
The student: *Mukhtalifayn* is the predicate of *yazalu*.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: In the accusative case, and the sign of its accusative case is... because it is a plural.
The Shaykh : The *ya* is the sign of its accusative case, the *ya* what? Continue.
The student: In place of the *kasrah*.
The Shaykh : In place of the *kasrah*.
The student: In place of the *fathah*.
The Shaykh : Yes, because it is in place of the *fathah* because it is...
The student: A sound masculine plural.
The Shaykh : And the *nun*.
The student: And the *nun* is a substitute for the *tanwin* in the singular noun.
The Shaykh : What are the sisters of this tool?
The student: *Yazalu*.
The Shaykh : Yes, indeed
The student: *Baraha*.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And *fata'a* and *infaka*.
The Shaykh : *Baraha*, *fata'a*, and *infaka*, what is the condition for their function?
The student: That a negation or something similar to it precedes them.
The Shaykh : What is the condition for the function of *zala*?
The student: The function of *zala*.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: That *zala* be from *zala yazalu*.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And not from *zala yazulu* or *yazilu*.
The Shaykh : Well done, that the present tense is *yazalu*, not *yazulu* or *yazilu*. Now, brother, we need *laysa* from the Qur'an.
The student:
The Shaykh : *Laysa al-birr*.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: *Laysa* is a past tense copula verb and is built on *fathah*.
The Shaykh : What does it do?
The student: It is a copula.
The Shaykh : Yes, what does it do?
The student: It raises the subject and it is called its subject, and it puts the predicate in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And *al-birr* is the subject...
The Shaykh : You said *laysa al-birr*.
The student: And *al-birr* is the predicate, the predicate of *laysa* placed before.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: In the accusative case, and the sign of its accusative case is the visible *fathah* on its end, and the *ba* is extra.
The Shaykh : There is no *ba* in it.
The student: That it is a *an* particle, a particle of accusative, *an* is a particle of accusative and a source particle, *an* is an accusative source particle built, built on *sukun*.
And *tawallaw*: A present tense verb in the accusative case by *an*, and the sign of its accusative case is the deletion of the *nun* because it is one of the five verbs.
The Shaykh : And the *waw*.
The student: And the *waw* is the doer.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And the *waw* is a connected pronoun built in the position of the nominative case, in the position of the nominative case of the doer.
The Shaykh : Built on what?
The student: Built on *sukun*.
The Shaykh : In the position of the nominative case of the doer, now, where is the subject of *laysa*?
The student: And the source formed from *an* and what follows it is the subject, the subject of *laysa*.
The Shaykh : the implied meaning is
The student: The estimation is *laysa tawiliyyah*.
The Shaykh : *Laysa al-birr tawiliyyah*.
The student: Appointment.
The Shaykh : Turning your faces before the east, or turning your faces before the east, now.
We need - *La ilaha illa Allah* - *fata'a* from the Qur'an, one, two, three, you... yes.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Leave it, do you want to give it to the one on your right or the one on your left?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : No, on the right, the rightmost, the rightmost, yes, yes.
The student: Allah the Exalted said:
The Shaykh : They said, they said.
The student:
The Shaykh : Now, parse *tallaha taf'a tadhkur*.
The student: *Tallaha*, the *ta* is a particle of oath.
The Shaykh : The *ta* is a particle of oath.
The student: The *ta* is a particle of oath.
The Shaykh : And what do you say?
The student: Error
The Shaykh : If I said *billah*, do you say the *ba* is a preposition or what?
The student: I say the *ba* is a preposition.
The Shaykh : And by Allah
The student: I say the *ta* is a preposition.
The Shaykh : And what do you say?
The student: Correct.
The Shaykh : Correct, yes.
The student: The *ta* is a particle of oath and the Name of Allah is a noun in the genitive case by the particle of oath.
The Shaykh : Yes, in the genitive case by the particle of oath.
The student: *Taf'a* is a past tense incomplete verb.
The Shaykh : A past tense *taf'a*.
The student: Present tense verb.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: A present tense incomplete copula verb that raises the subject and puts the predicate in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : May Allah have mercy on you
The student: *Tadhkur*: *Tadhkur* is a present tense verb.
The Shaykh : Where is its subject?
The student: A hidden pronoun.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Obligatory, its estimation is *anta* (you).
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: *Tadhkur* is a present tense verb in the nominative case, in the nominative case with the visible *dammah* on its end.
The Shaykh : And the doer.
The student: And the doer is a hidden pronoun, permissible, its estimation is *huwa* (he).
The Shaykh : *Tadhkur* he.
The student: *Tadhkur* you.
The Shaykh : So, a hidden pronoun.
The student: As an obligation.
The Shaykh : Yes, its estimation is.
The student: Its estimation is *anta* (you).
The Shaykh : Now, its estimation is *anta* (you), where is the predicate of *taf'a*?
The student: The predicate of *taf'a* is the sentence.
The Shaykh : From where?
The student: From *tadhkur*.
The Shaykh : Well done, the sentence and the doer are in the position of the accusative case of the predicate of *taf'a*, the noble verse has no problem because we stipulated that these four, *fata'a*, *infaka*, *baraha*, and *zala*, must be preceded by a negation or something similar to it.
The student: ... the answer to this question.
The Shaykh : And what is it, why?
The student: There is an estimated *lam*, meaning *tallaha la taf'a tadhkur*.
The Shaykh : Meaning that the negation particle is deleted.
Now, what are the conditions for deleting the negation particle in *taf'a* and its sisters?
The student: We mentioned three conditions.
The Shaykh : And others mentioned.
The student: We mentioned three.
The Shaykh : Three conditions, no need, I said we mentioned, meaning there is doubt in the matter, yes, three conditions, what are they?
The student: That it be after an oath and that it be after a present tense verb.
The Shaykh : Yes, the third condition.
The student: And that it be...
The Shaykh : What?
The student: The tool, the tool *taf'a*.
The Shaykh : The tool *taf'a* or the tool of negation.
The student: The tool *taf'a*, O Shaykh.
The Shaykh : The tool *taf'a*, *taf'a* is a present tense verb, it does not have a *lam*.
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Yes, give it.
The student: Between the present tense verb and the oath.
The Shaykh : Express the condition, the third condition.
The student: ... the tool is a present tense verb and an oath.
The Shaykh : Wrong, Hamidi.
The student: That the tool of negation be *la*.
The Shaykh : That the tool of negation be *la*, correct? Now, and based on the poem we recited to you, come on, 'Abd al-Razzaq.
The student: The saying of the poet, the saying of the composer:
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: "And a negation is deleted with three conditions *** If *la* is before the present tense in the oath"
The Shaykh : Yes, perfect.
The student: The time is up, O Shaykh
The Shaykh : Finished, no, yes, yes, correct.
The student: It was, and it remained, and it spent the night, and it became bright, and it became yesterday, and it became morning, and it became.
The Shaykh : Yes, you did well, may Allah reward you. Now, does anything other than the past tense function like the past tense? 'Abdullah, now, does anything other than the past tense function like the past tense?
The student: Yes, but on the condition that it is a transitive verb.
The Shaykh : Yes, of course, the transitive verb.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Its example
The student: An example would be that fresh dates become dry dates.
The Shaykh : Can you give me an example from the Qur'an?
The student:[Al-Bayyinah 98:1]
The Shaykh : Yes, "those who ... are separated." Its predicate is complete. Good.
Is it permissible for the predicate to come between the operator and the subject?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : It is permissible, for example:
The student: For example, "as long as."
The Shaykh : What gave you the right to bring up "as long as"? Leave it for later, because there is detail and disagreement regarding it.
The student: "Standing was Zayd."
The Shaykh : "Was" what?
The student: "Standing was Zayd."
The Shaykh : Now, can you give me an example from the Qur'an?
The student: The predicate of[Ar-Rum 30:47]
The Shaykh :[Ar-Rum 30:47] Good. Now, is it permissible for the predicate to precede the operator?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Is the disagreement regarding the predicate preceding the operator between the operators themselves, or between the scholars?
The student: factors.
The Shaykh : Now, for which one is it permissible for the predicate to precede?
The student: It is permissible for the predicate to precede in "as long as."
The Shaykh : In "as long as"? Allah is the Greatest. What gave you the right to bring up "as long as"? Leave it for later.
The student: It is permissible for the predicate to precede if it is between "ma" and ...
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: ... "Standing was Zayd."
The Shaykh : I mean the seven tools, the seven tools.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : What is the tool from the seven? It is not "what is from the seven," and "ma zala" is not "what is from the seven" and its sisters. For the seven tools, it is permissible for the predicate to precede without exception. Now, an example:
The student: "Standing was Zayd."
The Shaykh : "Standing was Zayd." Now, is it permissible for the predicate to precede in "zala" and its sisters? Brother,
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : The predicate preceding in "zala" and its sisters.
The student: It is permissible.
The Shaykh : It is permissible, how?
The student: "Standing" no, no, it is not permissible.
The Shaykh : It is not permissible absolutely.
The student: Yes, because it is required that a negation precede it.
The Shaykh : Now, if a negation precedes it, our discussion now is: if it is an operator, is it permissible or not permissible?
The student: It is not permissible
The Shaykh : It is not permissible absolutely.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : No, come on, Khalid.
The student: It is not permissible
The Shaykh : Absolutely, absolutely, it is not permissible ... guys, Khalid.
The student: Absolutely, it is not permissible.
The Shaykh : Absolutely, it is not permissible.
The student: Yes, it is not required ... the negation and its like, it is not permissible for the predicate to precede it.
The Shaykh : Do you agree with Khalid?
The student: The detail involves four cases, O Shaykh.
The Shaykh : What are the four cases? Bring them.
The student: I will bring examples, O Shaykh.
The Shaykh : Do not bring examples, give me the rule first.
The student: Two are permissible by consensus, one is not permissible by consensus, and one: Ibn Malik said it is not permissible by consensus, but there is disagreement.
The Shaykh : Error.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Khalid, the last of the three Khalids.
The student: The detail is: if it is, it is permissible on the condition that the negative "ma" does not precede it. The negative "ma" must precede it, and it precedes it ...
The Shaykh : I mean, for the four tools whose condition is negation or its like, is it permissible for their predicate to precede them or not?
The student: It is permissible for the predicate to precede them on the condition that the negative "ma" precedes the predicate ...
The Shaykh : How?
The student: The negative "ma" precedes them.
The Shaykh : They do not function in the first place except after a negation or its like.
The student: ... between "ma" and ...
The Shaykh : I mean, it is prohibited for it to precede "ma," but it is permissible for it to precede the operator.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : We say: for that whose condition is negation, if the negation is with "ma," it is not permissible for it to precede "ma," but it is permissible for it to be between "ma" and the operator. And if the negation is with something other than "ma," like "lam" or "la," it is permissible for it to precede the operator and the negation tool.
So you say, for example: "Standing was not Zayd," "Standing is not Zayd."
And do not say "Standing was not Zayd" with "ma."
Because Ibn Malik says: He says: "Thus the predicate of the negative 'ma' preceded *** " Do you understand, guys?
Now, the third one remains, which is "dama." What do you say?
The student: ... preceding "ma."
The Shaykh : There is nothing...
The student: The "ma" of the verbal noun.
The Shaykh : Yes, indeed
The student: That the predicate is placed between the operator, between "ma" and its subject, by saying "as long as standing is Zayd."
The Shaykh : What?
The student: "As long as standing."
The Shaykh : This is what preceded the operator.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, glory to Allah, yes ...
The student: There are four cases for "as long as."
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Two cases are permissible absolutely.
The Shaykh : By consensus.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Like, and they are:
The student: And they are: "Zayd was not standing" and "Standing was not Zayd," "as long as."
The Shaykh : "As long as," yes.
The student: Yes, these are the cases where it is not permissible ... it is not permissible absolutely, which is the predicate preceding "ma."
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: "Standing as long as Zayd."
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: As for the case where there is disagreement, which according to Ibn Malik is not permissible absolutely, it is that the predicate be between "ma" and "la," so you say "ma ma dama ma standing lama Zayd."
The Shaykh : Now, and Ibn Malik's statement indicates that it is prohibited by consensus.
The student: By consensus.
The Shaykh : Now, and the correct view is that there is disagreement.
The summary now: It is not permissible for the predicate to precede the negative "ma" absolutely, like this, nor the "ma" of the verbal noun as an adverb. This is not permissible absolutely, whether it is from those whose operation requires the preceding of negation and its like or not, or from those whose operation requires the preceding of the "ma" of the verbal noun as an adverb or not. Leave this with you.
If the negation is with something other than "ma," it is permissible for the predicate to precede the tool and the negation letter absolutely, like: "Standing was not Zayd," "Sitting was not 'Amr." There is no obstacle because the negation is with something other than
The student: That which is
The Shaykh : something other than "ma," by the evidence of his saying: "Thus the predicate of the negative 'ma' preceded *** " and he did not mention from the tools of negation except "ma." If the tool requires that the "ma" of the verbal noun as an adverb precede it, and it is only one, "dama," then if the predicate is placed between it and "dama," the apparent meaning of Ibn Malik's statement is that it is not permissible by consensus, and the correct view is that there is disagreement. And as for its preceding "ma," it is not permissible. So the predicate preceding the negative "ma" or the "ma" of the verbal noun as an adverb is prohibited. Now, then we take the lesson for tonight, where he said, may Allah have mercy on him: "Thus the predicate of the negative 'ma' preceded *** " We explained it.
The student: It raises the subject... *kana Zaydun qayyiman* (Zayd was standing).
The Shaykh : Parse it.
The student: *Kana* is an incomplete particle that raises the subject.
The Shaykh : And what is its function?
The student: An incomplete particle.
The Shaykh : A particle.
The student: A past tense verb.
The Shaykh : A copula.
The student: It raises the subject and puts the predicate in the accusative case. *Zayd* is the subject of *kana* in the nominative case.
The Shaykh : It is better to say it raises the subject, or do you say it raises the subject as its subject?
The student: It raises the subject as its subject and puts the predicate in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : Very well.
*Zayd*: The subject of *kana* in the nominative case, and the sign of its nominative case is the *dammah*.
*Qayyiman*: The predicate of *kana* in the accusative case, and the sign of its accusative case is the *fathah*.
The Shaykh : Now, what if I said *kana Zayyadan qayyiman*?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : *Kana Zayyadan qayyiman*.
The student: *Kana Zayyadan* is not correct.
The Shaykh : Ah?
The student: It does not happen.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Because *kana* raises the subject and puts the predicate in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : Now, what about *kana Zayyadan qayyumun*?
The student: *Kana Zayyadan qayyumun*, no, that is not correct.
The Shaykh : Why?
The student: Because... its accusative case.
The Shaykh : Correct? Now we need an example for *zala*.
The student: *Zala al-jawu hararan* (The weather remained hot).
The Shaykh : *Zala al-jawu hararan*, why? Because the air conditioner was not turned on? Now, parse it.
The student: *Zala* is a past tense copula verb, built on *fathah*, that raises the subject as its subject and puts the predicate in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: ...
*Al-jaw*: The subject of *zala* in the nominative case, and the sign of its nominative case is the visible *dammah* on its end.
*Hararan*: The predicate of *zala* in the accusative case, and the sign of its accusative case is the visible *fathah* on its end.
The Shaykh : Now, come on, Aqil.
The student: The predicate of *zala*, the predicate of *laysa* said.
The Shaykh : No, no, *zala*, I gave you *zala*, come on, Aqil, give us an example for *bata*.
The student: *Bata al-waladu mujtahidan* (The boy remained diligent).
The Shaykh : Yes, parse it.
The student: *Bata* is a past tense copula incomplete verb that raises the subject as its subject and raises the predicate.
The Shaykh : Raises the predicate.
The student: Puts the predicate in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: *Al-walad*: The subject of *kana*.
The Shaykh : It is not *kana*, we have *bata*.
The student: The subject of *bata* in the nominative case, and the sign of its nominative case is the visible *dammah* on its end.
*Mujtahidan* is the predicate of *bata* in the accusative case, and the sign of its accusative case is the visible *fathah* on its end.
The Shaykh : What?
The student: A visible *fathah* on its end.
The Shaykh : Correct, is it correct? Did you hear its parsing?
The student: Correct.
The Shaykh : Now, one, two, three, come on, 'Abdullah, parse it, give an example for *asbaha*.
The student: *Asbaha*.
The Shaykh : From the Qur'an, ... the brother, Zaki.
The student:
And the heart of Moses' mother became empty
وأصبح فؤاد أم موسى فارغاًThe Shaykh :
And the heart of Moses' mother
وأصبح فؤاد أم موسىThe student: *Asbaha* is a copula verb that raises the subject.
The Shaykh : And is it a present tense verb or what?
The student: A past tense copula verb.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: It raises the subject and puts the predicate in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: *Fu'ad*: The subject of *asbaha* in the nominative case, and the sign of its nominative case is the visible *dammah* on its end.
*Umm*: *Fu'ad* is the possessed, *Umm* is the possessor in the genitive case, and the sign of its genitive case is the visible *kasrah* on its end.
*Musa*: *Umm* is the possessed, *Musa* is the possessor in the genitive case with a *dammah* that is estimated.
The Shaykh : With a *dammah*.
The student: In the genitive case with an estimated *kasrah* prevented from...
The Shaykh : Wrong, wait, wait, you see, if he knew, it would be different, the arrows have been set.
The student: *Umm*: The possessed.
The Shaykh : Yes, that is right.
The student: And *Musa*.
The Shaykh : The possessor, yes.
The student: The possessor is built.
The Shaykh : Built on what? Now... come on, Nasser.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Wrong, yes.
The student: ... in place of the estimated *kasrah*...
The Shaykh : And the preventer.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Correct? Yes, yes, continue.
The student: *Fariqan* is the predicate of *asbaha* in the accusative case, and the sign of its accusative case is the visible *fathah* on its end.
The Shaykh : Yes, one, two, three, come on, Nasser, *zala* as a present tense verb from the Qur'an.
The student: *Zala*.
The Shaykh : Yes, as a present tense verb from the Qur'an.
The student:
but they will not cease to differ.
ولا يزالون مختلفينThe Shaykh :
Except whom your Lord has given mercy
إلا من رحم ربكbut they will not cease to differ. (119) Except whom your Lord has given mercy
ولا يزالون مختلفين إلا من رحم ربكbut they will not cease to differ.
ولا يزالون مختلفينThe student: *La* is a negation particle.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: It has no grammatical position
And *yazalu* is a present tense verb in the nominative case, and the sign of its nominative case is the retention of the *nun*, and the *waw* is the subject.
The Shaykh : A present tense copula verb.
The student: A present tense copula verb.
The Shaykh : It performs the function of *kana*, in the nominative case.
The student: In the nominative case, and the sign of its nominative case is the retention of the *nun*.
The Shaykh : Yes, yes, and the *waw*.
The student: The *waw* is a connected pronoun built on *sukun* in the position of... the nominative case of the subject.
The Shaykh : The subject of *yazalu*.
The student: The subject of *yazalu*.
The Shaykh : Now, and *mukhtalifayn*?
The student: *Mukhtalifayn* is the predicate of *yazalu*.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: In the accusative case, and the sign of its accusative case is... because it is a plural.
The Shaykh : The *ya* is the sign of its accusative case, the *ya* what? Continue.
The student: In place of the *kasrah*.
The Shaykh : In place of the *kasrah*.
The student: In place of the *fathah*.
The Shaykh : Yes, because it is in place of the *fathah* because it is...
The student: A sound masculine plural.
The Shaykh : And the *nun*.
The student: And the *nun* is a substitute for the *tanwin* in the singular noun.
The Shaykh : What are the sisters of this tool?
The student: *Yazalu*.
The Shaykh : Yes, indeed
The student: *Baraha*.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And *fata'a* and *infaka*.
The Shaykh : *Baraha*, *fata'a*, and *infaka*, what is the condition for their function?
The student: That a negation or something similar to it precedes them.
The Shaykh : What is the condition for the function of *zala*?
The student: The function of *zala*.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: That *zala* be from *zala yazalu*.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And not from *zala yazulu* or *yazilu*.
The Shaykh : Well done, that the present tense is *yazalu*, not *yazulu* or *yazilu*. Now, brother, we need *laysa* from the Qur'an.
The student:
Righteousness is not ...
ليس البر ...The Shaykh : *Laysa al-birr*.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Very well.
The student: *Laysa* is a past tense copula verb and is built on *fathah*.
The Shaykh : What does it do?
The student: It is a copula.
The Shaykh : Yes, what does it do?
The student: It raises the subject and it is called its subject, and it puts the predicate in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And *al-birr* is the subject...
The Shaykh :
Righteousness is not
ليس البرَّThe student: And *al-birr* is the predicate, the predicate of *laysa* placed before.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: In the accusative case, and the sign of its accusative case is the visible *fathah* on its end, and the *ba* is extra.
The Shaykh : There is no *ba* in it.
The student: That it is a *an* particle, a particle of accusative, *an* is a particle of accusative and a source particle, *an* is an accusative source particle built, built on *sukun*.
And *tawallaw*: A present tense verb in the accusative case by *an*, and the sign of its accusative case is the deletion of the *nun* because it is one of the five verbs.
The Shaykh : And the *waw*.
The student: And the *waw* is the doer.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: And the *waw* is a connected pronoun built in the position of the nominative case, in the position of the nominative case of the doer.
The Shaykh : Built on what?
The student: Built on *sukun*.
The Shaykh : In the position of the nominative case of the doer, now, where is the subject of *laysa*?
The student: And the source formed from *an* and what follows it is the subject, the subject of *laysa*.
The Shaykh : the implied meaning is
The student: The estimation is *laysa tawiliyyah*.
The Shaykh : *Laysa al-birr tawiliyyah*.
The student: Appointment.
The Shaykh : Turning your faces before the east, or turning your faces before the east, now.
We need - *La ilaha illa Allah* - *fata'a* from the Qur'an, one, two, three, you... yes.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Leave it, do you want to give it to the one on your right or the one on your left?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : No, on the right, the rightmost, the rightmost, yes, yes.
The student: Allah the Exalted said:
By Allah, you do not cease to remember Yusuf
تالله تفتأ تذكر يوسفThe Shaykh : They said, they said.
The student:
They said, "By Allah, you do not cease to remember Yusuf until you become a source of grief"
قالوا تالله تفتأ تذكر يوسف حتى تكون حرضاًThe Shaykh : Now, parse *tallaha taf'a tadhkur*.
The student: *Tallaha*, the *ta* is a particle of oath.
The Shaykh : The *ta* is a particle of oath.
The student: The *ta* is a particle of oath.
The Shaykh : And what do you say?
The student: Error
The Shaykh : If I said *billah*, do you say the *ba* is a preposition or what?
The student: I say the *ba* is a preposition.
The Shaykh : And by Allah
The student: I say the *ta* is a preposition.
The Shaykh : And what do you say?
The student: Correct.
The Shaykh : Correct, yes.
The student: The *ta* is a particle of oath and the Name of Allah is a noun in the genitive case by the particle of oath.
The Shaykh : Yes, in the genitive case by the particle of oath.
The student: *Taf'a* is a past tense incomplete verb.
The Shaykh : A past tense *taf'a*.
The student: Present tense verb.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: A present tense incomplete copula verb that raises the subject and puts the predicate in the accusative case.
The Shaykh : May Allah have mercy on you
The student: *Tadhkur*: *Tadhkur* is a present tense verb.
The Shaykh : Where is its subject?
The student: A hidden pronoun.
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Obligatory, its estimation is *anta* (you).
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: *Tadhkur* is a present tense verb in the nominative case, in the nominative case with the visible *dammah* on its end.
The Shaykh : And the doer.
The student: And the doer is a hidden pronoun, permissible, its estimation is *huwa* (he).
The Shaykh : *Tadhkur* he.
The student: *Tadhkur* you.
The Shaykh : So, a hidden pronoun.
The student: As an obligation.
The Shaykh : Yes, its estimation is.
The student: Its estimation is *anta* (you).
The Shaykh : Now, its estimation is *anta* (you), where is the predicate of *taf'a*?
The student: The predicate of *taf'a* is the sentence.
The Shaykh : From where?
The student: From *tadhkur*.
The Shaykh : Well done, the sentence and the doer are in the position of the accusative case of the predicate of *taf'a*, the noble verse has no problem because we stipulated that these four, *fata'a*, *infaka*, *baraha*, and *zala*, must be preceded by a negation or something similar to it.
The student: ... the answer to this question.
The Shaykh : And what is it, why?
The student: There is an estimated *lam*, meaning *tallaha la taf'a tadhkur*.
The Shaykh : Meaning that the negation particle is deleted.
Now, what are the conditions for deleting the negation particle in *taf'a* and its sisters?
The student: We mentioned three conditions.
The Shaykh : And others mentioned.
The student: We mentioned three.
The Shaykh : Three conditions, no need, I said we mentioned, meaning there is doubt in the matter, yes, three conditions, what are they?
The student: That it be after an oath and that it be after a present tense verb.
The Shaykh : Yes, the third condition.
The student: And that it be...
The Shaykh : What?
The student: The tool, the tool *taf'a*.
The Shaykh : The tool *taf'a* or the tool of negation.
The student: The tool *taf'a*, O Shaykh.
The Shaykh : The tool *taf'a*, *taf'a* is a present tense verb, it does not have a *lam*.
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Yes, give it.
The student: Between the present tense verb and the oath.
The Shaykh : Express the condition, the third condition.
The student: ... the tool is a present tense verb and an oath.
The Shaykh : Wrong, Hamidi.
The student: That the tool of negation be *la*.
The Shaykh : That the tool of negation be *la*, correct? Now, and based on the poem we recited to you, come on, 'Abd al-Razzaq.
The student: The saying of the poet, the saying of the composer:
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: "And a negation is deleted with three conditions *** If *la* is before the present tense in the oath"
The Shaykh : Yes, perfect.
The student: The time is up, O Shaykh
The Shaykh : Finished, no, yes, yes, correct.
The student: It was, and it remained, and it spent the night, and it became bright, and it became yesterday, and it became morning, and it became.
The Shaykh : Yes, you did well, may Allah reward you. Now, does anything other than the past tense function like the past tense? 'Abdullah, now, does anything other than the past tense function like the past tense?
The student: Yes, but on the condition that it is a transitive verb.
The Shaykh : Yes, of course, the transitive verb.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Its example
The student: An example would be that fresh dates become dry dates.
The Shaykh : Can you give me an example from the Qur'an?
The student:
Those who disbelieved among the People of the Scripture and the polytheists were not to be parted
لم يكن الذين كفروا من أهل الكتاب والمشركين منفكينThe Shaykh : Yes, "those who ... are separated." Its predicate is complete. Good.
Is it permissible for the predicate to come between the operator and the subject?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : It is permissible, for example:
The student: For example, "as long as."
The Shaykh : What gave you the right to bring up "as long as"? Leave it for later, because there is detail and disagreement regarding it.
The student: "Standing was Zayd."
The Shaykh : "Was" what?
The student: "Standing was Zayd."
The Shaykh : Now, can you give me an example from the Qur'an?
The student: The predicate of
and incumbent upon Us was support of the believers.
وكان حقاً علينا نصر المؤمنينThe Shaykh :
and incumbent upon Us was support of the believers.
وكان حقاً علينا نصر المؤمنينThe student: ...
The Shaykh : Is the disagreement regarding the predicate preceding the operator between the operators themselves, or between the scholars?
The student: factors.
The Shaykh : Now, for which one is it permissible for the predicate to precede?
The student: It is permissible for the predicate to precede in "as long as."
The Shaykh : In "as long as"? Allah is the Greatest. What gave you the right to bring up "as long as"? Leave it for later.
The student: It is permissible for the predicate to precede if it is between "ma" and ...
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: ... "Standing was Zayd."
The Shaykh : I mean the seven tools, the seven tools.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : What is the tool from the seven? It is not "what is from the seven," and "ma zala" is not "what is from the seven" and its sisters. For the seven tools, it is permissible for the predicate to precede without exception. Now, an example:
The student: "Standing was Zayd."
The Shaykh : "Standing was Zayd." Now, is it permissible for the predicate to precede in "zala" and its sisters? Brother,
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : The predicate preceding in "zala" and its sisters.
The student: It is permissible.
The Shaykh : It is permissible, how?
The student: "Standing" no, no, it is not permissible.
The Shaykh : It is not permissible absolutely.
The student: Yes, because it is required that a negation precede it.
The Shaykh : Now, if a negation precedes it, our discussion now is: if it is an operator, is it permissible or not permissible?
The student: It is not permissible
The Shaykh : It is not permissible absolutely.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : No, come on, Khalid.
The student: It is not permissible
The Shaykh : Absolutely, absolutely, it is not permissible ... guys, Khalid.
The student: Absolutely, it is not permissible.
The Shaykh : Absolutely, it is not permissible.
The student: Yes, it is not required ... the negation and its like, it is not permissible for the predicate to precede it.
The Shaykh : Do you agree with Khalid?
The student: The detail involves four cases, O Shaykh.
The Shaykh : What are the four cases? Bring them.
The student: I will bring examples, O Shaykh.
The Shaykh : Do not bring examples, give me the rule first.
The student: Two are permissible by consensus, one is not permissible by consensus, and one: Ibn Malik said it is not permissible by consensus, but there is disagreement.
The Shaykh : Error.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Khalid, the last of the three Khalids.
The student: The detail is: if it is, it is permissible on the condition that the negative "ma" does not precede it. The negative "ma" must precede it, and it precedes it ...
The Shaykh : I mean, for the four tools whose condition is negation or its like, is it permissible for their predicate to precede them or not?
The student: It is permissible for the predicate to precede them on the condition that the negative "ma" precedes the predicate ...
The Shaykh : How?
The student: The negative "ma" precedes them.
The Shaykh : They do not function in the first place except after a negation or its like.
The student: ... between "ma" and ...
The Shaykh : I mean, it is prohibited for it to precede "ma," but it is permissible for it to precede the operator.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : We say: for that whose condition is negation, if the negation is with "ma," it is not permissible for it to precede "ma," but it is permissible for it to be between "ma" and the operator. And if the negation is with something other than "ma," like "lam" or "la," it is permissible for it to precede the operator and the negation tool.
So you say, for example: "Standing was not Zayd," "Standing is not Zayd."
And do not say "Standing was not Zayd" with "ma."
Because Ibn Malik says: He says: "Thus the predicate of the negative 'ma' preceded *** " Do you understand, guys?
Now, the third one remains, which is "dama." What do you say?
The student: ... preceding "ma."
The Shaykh : There is nothing...
The student: The "ma" of the verbal noun.
The Shaykh : Yes, indeed
The student: That the predicate is placed between the operator, between "ma" and its subject, by saying "as long as standing is Zayd."
The Shaykh : What?
The student: "As long as standing."
The Shaykh : This is what preceded the operator.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, glory to Allah, yes ...
The student: There are four cases for "as long as."
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: Two cases are permissible absolutely.
The Shaykh : By consensus.
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : Like, and they are:
The student: And they are: "Zayd was not standing" and "Standing was not Zayd," "as long as."
The Shaykh : "As long as," yes.
The student: Yes, these are the cases where it is not permissible ... it is not permissible absolutely, which is the predicate preceding "ma."
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: "Standing as long as Zayd."
The Shaykh : Yes
The student: As for the case where there is disagreement, which according to Ibn Malik is not permissible absolutely, it is that the predicate be between "ma" and "la," so you say "ma ma dama ma standing lama Zayd."
The Shaykh : Now, and Ibn Malik's statement indicates that it is prohibited by consensus.
The student: By consensus.
The Shaykh : Now, and the correct view is that there is disagreement.
The summary now: It is not permissible for the predicate to precede the negative "ma" absolutely, like this, nor the "ma" of the verbal noun as an adverb. This is not permissible absolutely, whether it is from those whose operation requires the preceding of negation and its like or not, or from those whose operation requires the preceding of the "ma" of the verbal noun as an adverb or not. Leave this with you.
If the negation is with something other than "ma," it is permissible for the predicate to precede the tool and the negation letter absolutely, like: "Standing was not Zayd," "Sitting was not 'Amr." There is no obstacle because the negation is with something other than
The student: That which is
The Shaykh : something other than "ma," by the evidence of his saying: "Thus the predicate of the negative 'ma' preceded *** " and he did not mention from the tools of negation except "ma." If the tool requires that the "ma" of the verbal noun as an adverb precede it, and it is only one, "dama," then if the predicate is placed between it and "dama," the apparent meaning of Ibn Malik's statement is that it is not permissible by consensus, and the correct view is that there is disagreement. And as for its preceding "ma," it is not permissible. So the predicate preceding the negative "ma" or the "ma" of the verbal noun as an adverb is prohibited. Now, then we take the lesson for tonight, where he said, may Allah have mercy on him: "Thus the predicate of the negative 'ma' preceded *** " We explained it.