"And a disbeliever shall not marry a Muslim woman, nor a Muslim, even if a slave, a disbelieving woman, except a free woman from the People of the Book"
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The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful. Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds. And may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and his Companions, and those who follow them with excellence until the Day of Judgment.
We are now in the enumeration of the prohibited matters, and we have mentioned, as Allah wills, examples from what we have discussed previously. Now we begin to mention other examples. The author said "And a disbeliever shall not marry a Muslim woman". A disbeliever shall not marry a Muslim woman. The evidence is the saying of Allah the Exalted:[Al-Baqarah 2:221] and His saying: [Al-Mumtahanah 60:10] As for the first verse, it is clear that it concerns the initiation of the contract. [Al-Baqarah 2:221] As for the second, if the continuation of the disbeliever's contract has been prohibited, what about its initiation?
The questioner : It is even more so.
The Shaykh : It is even more so?
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : So this is an analogy; this is an example of analogy. Yes, because Allah said:[Al-Mumtahanah 60:10] even if she is the wife of a disbeliever. If the continuation of the disbeliever's contract with a believer is prohibited, then its initiation is even more so. Good. And because the husband has a right over his wife, and he is her master, it is not valid for a disbeliever to be the master of a Muslim woman or to have a right over her. Likewise, a Muslim shall not marry a disbelieving woman. The evidence is: [Al-Baqarah 2:221] and His saying: [Al-Mumtahanah 60:10] So it is not valid for a Muslim to marry a disbelieving woman. Based on this, it is not permissible for us to marry off a man who does not pray, why? Because he is a disbeliever. And it is not permissible to marry a woman who does not pray, because she is? A disbeliever, according to the stronger opinion. Good. He says "even if a slave," meaning even if the Muslim is a slave, he shall not marry a disbelieving woman. He pointed to this so that it would not be said that since he lacks freedom, it is permissible for him to marry a disbelieving woman. We say that the operative cause is Islam, so if he is a Muslim, it is not permissible for him to marry a disbelieving woman.
He said: "Except a free woman from the People of the Book". This means that it is permissible for a Muslim to marry her. So he stipulated two conditions for the permissibility of a Muslim marrying a non-Muslim woman. He stipulated two conditions. The first condition is that she be free, and the second condition is that she be from the People of the Book. So it is not permissible for a Muslim to marry a slave woman from the People of the Book, even if the conditions for the permissibility of marrying a slave woman are met, meaning even if he fears incontinence or if he cannot find a bridal gift, it is not permissible for him to marry a slave woman.
The second condition is that she be from the People of the Book, which means a Jewish or Christian woman. It is permissible for a Muslim to marry her, and the evidence for this is the saying of Allah the Exalted:[Al-Ma'idah 5:5] "The chaste women" means the free women from those who were given the Book before you. Good. And the apparent meaning of the author's words, as is the apparent meaning of the Noble Book, is that even if this Jewish woman believes that Uzair is the son of Allah, or the Christian woman believes that Jesus is the son of Allah, this... , O slave of Allah, where did you go? Huh? And what are you looking at? You are looking at... or is there something else? If there is something else outside the topic?
The questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Good, pay attention. I mean, even if the Jewish woman says Uzair is the son of Allah, and the Christian woman says Jesus is the son of Allah, is that not so?
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : Yes, even if she says this, even if the Christian woman says that Allah is the third of three, although by that she is one who associates partners with Allah. The evidence for this is that Allah mentioned the permissibility of marrying the chaste women from those who were given the Book in this very same context, while narrating that they say that Allah is the third of three. Good. If she professes Christianity outwardly but does not pray, meaning she does not perform the Christian prayer and does not carry out the rituals of the Christian religion, but her identity is Christian, we say this is like a Muslim whose identity is Islam but who has neglected some of the pillars of Islam, especially since those people do not have anyone to teach and guide them.
We are now in the enumeration of the prohibited matters, and we have mentioned, as Allah wills, examples from what we have discussed previously. Now we begin to mention other examples. The author said "And a disbeliever shall not marry a Muslim woman". A disbeliever shall not marry a Muslim woman. The evidence is the saying of Allah the Exalted:
And do not marry polytheistic men [to your women] until they believe
وَلَا تُنْكِحُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنُواthen do not return them to the disbelievers; they are not lawful [wives] for them, nor are they lawful [husbands] for them
فلا ترجعوهن إلى الكفار لا هُنَّ حِلٌّ لَهُمْ وَلا هُمْ يَحِلُّونَ لَهُنَّAnd do not marry polytheistic men [to your women] until they believe
وَلَا تُنْكِحُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنُواThe questioner : It is even more so.
The Shaykh : It is even more so?
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : So this is an analogy; this is an example of analogy. Yes, because Allah said:
And if you know them to be believers, then do not return them to the disbelievers
فَإِنْ عَلِمْتُمُوهُنَّ مُؤْمِناتٍ فَلا تَرْجِعُوهُنَّ إِلَى الْكُفَّارِAnd do not marry polytheistic women until they believe
وَلَا تَنْكِحُوا الْمُشْرِكَاتِ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنَّthey are not lawful [wives] for them, nor are they lawful [husbands] for them
لا هُنَّ حِلٌّ لَهُمْ وَلا هُمْ يَحِلُّونَ لَهُنَّHe said: "Except a free woman from the People of the Book". This means that it is permissible for a Muslim to marry her. So he stipulated two conditions for the permissibility of a Muslim marrying a non-Muslim woman. He stipulated two conditions. The first condition is that she be free, and the second condition is that she be from the People of the Book. So it is not permissible for a Muslim to marry a slave woman from the People of the Book, even if the conditions for the permissibility of marrying a slave woman are met, meaning even if he fears incontinence or if he cannot find a bridal gift, it is not permissible for him to marry a slave woman.
The second condition is that she be from the People of the Book, which means a Jewish or Christian woman. It is permissible for a Muslim to marry her, and the evidence for this is the saying of Allah the Exalted:
chaste women from among the believers and chaste women from among those who were given the Scripture before you, when you have given them their due compensation
وَالْمُحْصَناتُ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِناتِ وَالْمُحْصَناتُ مِنَ الَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْكِتابَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ إِذا ءاتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ أُجُورَهُنَّThe questioner : ... .
The Shaykh : Good, pay attention. I mean, even if the Jewish woman says Uzair is the son of Allah, and the Christian woman says Jesus is the son of Allah, is that not so?
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : Yes, even if she says this, even if the Christian woman says that Allah is the third of three, although by that she is one who associates partners with Allah. The evidence for this is that Allah mentioned the permissibility of marrying the chaste women from those who were given the Book in this very same context, while narrating that they say that Allah is the third of three. Good. If she professes Christianity outwardly but does not pray, meaning she does not perform the Christian prayer and does not carry out the rituals of the Christian religion, but her identity is Christian, we say this is like a Muslim whose identity is Islam but who has neglected some of the pillars of Islam, especially since those people do not have anyone to teach and guide them.