Explanation of the words of Imam al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding what he quoted: "

The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) said, in what he quoted from al-Nu'man ibn Bashir ibn Sa'd al-Ansari (may Allah be pleased with them both), in the chapter on enjoining good and forbidding evil, that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The one who upholds them means the one who stands firm upon the religion of Allah, so he performs the obligatory and leaves the forbidden. The one who transgresses them, meaning the limits of Allah, is the one who commits the forbidden or leaves the obligatory. Meaning: they drew lots, which is called a lottery, to see who would be in the upper part. Meaning: when they sought water to drink from it. Because the water could only be reached from above. This is what they planned and intended. The Prophet (may the prayer and peace of Allah be upon him) said: Because if they made a hole in the lower part of the ship, the water would enter and sink the ship. Meaning: these people and those people were saved. This parable struck by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) is among the parables that have a great significance and a high meaning. The people in the religion of Allah are like those in a ship in the midst of a river, where the waves toss them about. It is necessary that some of them be in the lower part and some in the upper part, if they are many, so that the ship's load is balanced and so that some do not crowd others. It also indicates that this ship, which is shared among these people, if one of them wants to destroy it, if one of them wants to destroy it, then they must hold him back and take hold of his hands so that they may all be saved. If they do not do so, they will all perish. So it is with the religion of Allah: if the people of intellect, knowledge, and religion take hold of the ignorant and the foolish, they will all be saved. But if they leave them to do what they intend, they will all perish. As Allah the Exalted said: And in this parable, there is proof that it is befitting for the teacher, the one who teaches people, to strike parables for them to make the rational clear through the tangible. Allah the Exalted said: And how many a person you explain the meaning to at length and repeat it to him, but he does not understand. But when you strike a parable with something tangible that he knows, he understands. And look at the wonderful parable struck by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) for a man from the Bedouins, a man of the desert, a man of camels. جاء إلى النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يقول: يا رسول الله إن زوجتي ولدت غلامًا أسود ولد أسود وأنا أبيض والمرأة بيضاء من أين جاءنا هذا الأسود؟ فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: هل لك من إبل؟ قال: نعم، قال: ما ألوانها؟ قال: حمر، قال: هل فيها من أورق؟ يعني أسود ببياض قال: نعم، قال: من أين جاءها ذلك؟ قال: لعله نزعه عرق يعني ربما يكون له أجداد أو جدات سابقة لونها هكذا فنزعه هذا العرق، قال: فابنك هذا لعله نزعه عرق يمكن واحد من أجداده أو جداته أو من أخواله أو آبائه لونه أسود فجاء الولد عليه، فاقتنع الأعرابي تمام الاقتناع، لو جاء يشرح له النبي عليه الصلاة والسلام شرحًا فهو أعرابي ما يعرف، لكن أتى له بمثال من حياته التي يعيشها فانطلق وهو مقتنع، وهكذا ينبغي لطالب العلم بل ينبغي للمعلِّم أن يقرب المعاني المعقولة لأذهان الناس بضرب الأمثال المحسوسة كما فعل النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم، وفي هذا الحديث إثبات القرعة أنها جائزة أنها جائزة، وهو كذلك وقد وردت الآيات والأحاديث بالقرعة في موضعين من كتاب الله، في ستة مواضع من سنة الرسول صلى الله عليه وسلم نسألكم عن موضعين من كتاب الله لأنه كل يقرؤه والحمد لله أين الموضع الأول؟ في سورة آل عمران وَمَا كُنْتَ لَدَيْهِمْ إِذْ يُلْقُونَ أَقْلامَهُمْ أَيُّهُمْ يَكْفُلُ مَرْيَمَ وَمَا كُنْتَ لَدَيْهِمْ إِذْ يَخْتَصِمُونَ الموضع الثاني: وَإِنَّ يُونُسَ لَمِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ في سورة الصافات إِذْ أَبَقَ إِلَى الْفُلْكِ الْمَشْحُونِ * فَسَاهَمَ فَكَانَ مِنَ الْمُدْحَضِينَ * فَالْتَقَمَهُ الْحُوتُ وَهُوَ مُلِيمٌ * فَلَوْلا أَنَّهُ كَانَ مِنَ الْمُسَبِّحِينَ * لَلَبِثَ فِي بَطْنِهِ إِلَى يَوْمِ يُبْعَثُونَ يونس أحد الأنبياء ركب مع قومه في سفينة فضاقت بهم وقالوا: إن بقينا كلنا على ظهرها هلكنا غرقت لا بد أن ننزل بعضنا في البحر، من ننزل؟ أول راكب أكبر راكب أكبر بدن، من ينزلون؟ هل ينزلون أول من ركب أو أكبرهم بدنا أو أصغرهم بدنا أم ماذا؟ قالوا: نعمل قرعة، فعملوا القرعة فصارت القرعة على جماعة منهم يونس، أو هو وحده؟ فساهم فكان إذًا معه ناس معه ناس فساهم فكان من المدحضين نزلوهم الذين معه الله أعلم بهم ما نعرف ماذا صار لهم، أما هو فالتقمه حوت عظيم ابتلعه بلعًا دون أن يعلكه، فصار في بطن الحوت، فنادى في الظلمات أن لا إله إلا أنت سبحانك إني كنت من الظالمين، فلفظه الحوت على سيف البحر وأنبت الله عليه شجرة من يقطين، يقطين قال العلماء: إنها قرع النجد، قرع النجد لين أوراقه لينة كالإبريسم، ومن خصائصه أنه لا يقع عليه الذباب، فأنبت الله عليه شجرة من يقطين حتى ترعرع بعد أن بقي في بطن الحوت، ثم أنجاه الله عز وجل، المهم أن القرعة من الأمور المشروعة الثابتة بالكتاب والسنة، وقد ذكر ابن رجب رحمه الله في كتابه * القواعد الفقهية * ذكر القاعدة 160 أو 161 ذكر قاعدة في الأشياء التي تستعمل فيها القرعة من أول الفقه إلى آخره رحمه الله، والله الموفق. A man came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saying: “O Messenger of Allah, my wife gave birth to a black boy. The boy is black, I am white, and the woman is white. Where did this blackness come from?” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Do you have any camels?” He said: “Yes.” He said: “What are their colors?” He said: “Red.” He said: “Are there any among them that are white with black spots?” meaning black with white. He said: “Yes.” He said: “Where did that come from?” He said: “Perhaps it was taken from a vein,” meaning that sometimes a person may have ancestors or grandmothers before him who had such a color, and this vein took it. He said: “So perhaps your son took it from a vein. It is possible that one of his ancestors or grandmothers, or from his maternal uncles or fathers, was black, and the child was born with it.” The Bedouin was completely convinced. If the Prophet (peace be upon him) had explained it to him with a detailed explanation, he was a Bedouin who would not have understood. But he gave him an example from his own life, and he left convinced. And so it is befitting for a student of knowledge, and indeed for the teacher, to make reasonable meanings clear to people’s minds by giving tangible examples, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did. In this hadith, there is the establishment of the permissibility of drawing lots; it is permissible, and that is indeed the case. Verses and hadiths regarding drawing lots have come in two places in the Book of Allah and in six places in the Sunnah of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). I ask you about the two places in the Book of Allah, because everyone reads it, and praise be to Allah. Where is the first place? In Surat al-Imran: “And you were not present with them when they cast their pens, [asking], ‘Who shall take charge of Maryam?’ And you were not present with them when they disputed.” The second place is: “And indeed, Yunus was among the messengers, when he ran away to the laden ship, so he drew lots and was among those overcome, so the fish swallowed him while he was blameworthy. And if it had not been that he was among those who exalt [Allah], he would have remained in its belly until the day they are resurrected.” Yunus was one of the prophets who boarded a ship with his people, and it became crowded for them. They said: “If we all remain on its deck, we will perish; it will sink. We must put some of us into the sea. Who shall we put in? The first to board? The largest person? The biggest body? Who shall go down? Do they put down the first one who boarded, or the largest in body, or the smallest in body, or what?” They said: “We will draw lots.” So they drew lots, and the lot fell on a group of them, including Yunus, or was it him alone? So he drew lots, and thus there were people with him. He drew lots and was among those overcome. They put down those who were with him; Allah knows best about them, we do not know what became of them. As for him, a great whale swallowed him, swallowing him whole without chewing, and he was in the belly of the whale. He called out in the darkness: “There is no deity except You; exalted are You. Indeed, I have been of the wrongdoers.” So the whale spat him out onto the shore, and Allah caused a plant of gourd to grow over him. The scholars said: It is the desert gourd. The desert gourd has soft leaves, soft like silk, and one of its characteristics is that flies do not land on it. So Allah caused a plant of gourd to grow over him until he recovered after remaining in the belly of the whale. Then Allah the Exalted saved him. The important point is that drawing lots is among the prescribed matters established by the Book and the Sunnah. Ibn Rajab (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned in his book *Al-Qawa'id al-Fiqhiyyah* (The Fiqh Maxims) the rule 160 or 161. He mentioned a rule regarding the things in which drawing lots is used, from the beginning of fiqh to the end. May Allah have mercy on him. And success is from Allah.