Continuation of the explanation of the statement of Imam al-Nawawi (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding what he quoted: "."
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The Shaykh : In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful:
It has been established for us that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) explained among the rights a Muslim has over his brother: greeting, both in return and in initiation. We have previously discussed something regarding the greeting and its ruling, that initiating it is a recommended practice (sunnah) and returning it is an individual obligation (fard 'ayn) for the one to whom it is directed, and a collective obligation (fard kifayah) if it is directed to a group, in which case it suffices for one of them to return it.
The greeting is a good deed among the good deeds; if a person performs it, he has ten times its reward. A good deed is ten times its like. That means, if you greet your brother and say, "Peace be upon you," you have ten good deeds as a lasting reward that you will find most in need of.
We know that if it were said to a person: "Every time you meet someone and greet them, you get one dirham for every greeting," you would find the person seeking out people to greet them in pursuit of that single dirham, even though the single dirham is consumed and gone. As for the lasting reward and recompense, we find ourselves—may Allah treat us and you with His forgiveness—neglecting it and being lax in it. So what you should do is that whenever one of your Muslim brothers meets you, you should greet him. As for the non-Muslim, do not greet him, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said:Bulugh al-Maram 16:10. So the Jew, the Christian, the polytheist, the atheist, and the apostate are like the one who does not pray, and the innovator who commits an innovation that entails disbelief; none of these is permissible to initiate the greeting to, even if they are the closest people to you. But if they greet you, return to them with what they greeted you with. If they say, "Welcome," say, "Welcome." If they say, "Peace be upon you," say, "And upon you peace." And if you are unsure whether he is saying "Peace be upon you" or "Death be upon you," say, "And upon you."
In fact, if you are not certain that he said "Peace be upon you" with the lam, say, "And upon you." This is because the Jews used to pass by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and his Companions and greet him, but they would say, "Death be upon you," assimilating the letter. And "death" means death. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said:, "And upon you." If they are invoking peace, then upon them be peace, and if they are invoking death upon us, then upon them be death. This is justice: [An-Nisa 4:86]. This is justice. For this reason, Ibn al-Qayyim (may Allah have mercy on him) mentioned in his book *Ahkam Ahl al-Dhimmah* (Rulings on the People of the Pact): "That if they say 'Peace be upon you' with clear words, you may say 'And upon you peace'".
As for the people of sins, if there is benefit in boycotting them, then boycott them, and the benefit is that they desist from their sin. And if there is no benefit in boycotting them, then boycotting them is forbidden, because they are among the believers. And if they are among the believers, the Prophet (may the prayer and peace of Allah be upon him) said:. But if it is beneficial in that they are deterred from the sin and they stop it, then boycotting them is required, either as an obligation or as a recommended practice.
Look at the benefit that resulted from the boycotting of Ka'b ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) and his two companions when they lagged behind the expedition to Tabuk, and they were left behind in the acceptance of their excuse. Look at what happened to them. They gained from it a strength of faith and patience regarding what happened, and waiting for relief from Allah (Mighty and Majestic), by which they attained what is among the greatest rewards. They attained the speech of the Lord of the Worlds, which is read by every Muslim in the night and the day, even in the prayers. Who among the people is praised in the obligatory and voluntary prayers?[At-Tawbah 9:118]. And this is an explicit text, but although they were not mentioned by their names, they were mentioned by a description that does not apply to anyone else.
As for what many of the exegetes held regarding His saying (the Exalted):[Al-Layl 92:19-20], that this is Abu Bakr, this is not like the explicit text obtained for these three. And therefore, we do not know that anyone among the Companions was praised with this text as these three were praised.
The Prophet (may the prayer and peace of Allah be upon him) boycotted them for forty nights, not speaking to them, and he said to the people: "Do not speak to them," so no one spoke to them. After the completion of the forty nights, he ordered them to separate from their wives. When the messenger came to Ka'b ibn Malik, the messenger whom the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) sent to tell him to separate from his wife, Ka'b said to him: "Should I divorce her—meaning I am ready—or what? The messenger said: I do not know. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered you to separate from your wife, and I do not know". So look at how this great obedience was with this great trial, which does not come upon a heart from which one escapes except by the protection of Allah (Mighty and Majestic).
The important point is that boycotting, if it is beneficial in reducing the sin or repenting from it, is required, either on the path of obligation or on the path of recommendation. But if it is not beneficial and only increases the sinner's arrogance and aversion from the people of good, do not boycott, because a person, no matter how many sins he has, if he is a Muslim, he is a believer, but his faith is deficient. And success is from Allah.
The reader: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) quoted: "From Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Sahih al-Bukhari 1240, agreed upon by al-Bukhari and Muslim".
It has been established for us that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) explained among the rights a Muslim has over his brother: greeting, both in return and in initiation. We have previously discussed something regarding the greeting and its ruling, that initiating it is a recommended practice (sunnah) and returning it is an individual obligation (fard 'ayn) for the one to whom it is directed, and a collective obligation (fard kifayah) if it is directed to a group, in which case it suffices for one of them to return it.
The greeting is a good deed among the good deeds; if a person performs it, he has ten times its reward. A good deed is ten times its like. That means, if you greet your brother and say, "Peace be upon you," you have ten good deeds as a lasting reward that you will find most in need of.
We know that if it were said to a person: "Every time you meet someone and greet them, you get one dirham for every greeting," you would find the person seeking out people to greet them in pursuit of that single dirham, even though the single dirham is consumed and gone. As for the lasting reward and recompense, we find ourselves—may Allah treat us and you with His forgiveness—neglecting it and being lax in it. So what you should do is that whenever one of your Muslim brothers meets you, you should greet him. As for the non-Muslim, do not greet him, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said:
Do not initiate the saluting of Jews and Christians (when you meet them), and if you meet any of them on the road, force him to go to the narrowest part of the road
لا تبدؤوا اليهود والنصارى بالسلام ، وإذا وجدتموهم في طريق فاضطروهم إلى أضيقهIn fact, if you are not certain that he said "Peace be upon you" with the lam, say, "And upon you." This is because the Jews used to pass by the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) and his Companions and greet him, but they would say, "Death be upon you," assimilating the letter. And "death" means death. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said:
If the Jews meet you and say, "Death be upon you," say, "And upon you."
إن اليهود إذا لقوكم قالوا : السام عليكم، فقولوا : وعليكمAnd when you are greeted with a greeting, greet [in return] with one better than it or [at least] return it
وَإِذَا حُيِّيتُمْ بِتَحِيَّةٍ فَحَيُّوا بِأَحْسَنَ مِنْهَا أَوْ رُدُّوهَاAs for the people of sins, if there is benefit in boycotting them, then boycott them, and the benefit is that they desist from their sin. And if there is no benefit in boycotting them, then boycotting them is forbidden, because they are among the believers. And if they are among the believers, the Prophet (may the prayer and peace of Allah be upon him) said:
It is not permissible for anyone to boycott his believing brother for more than three days; they meet, and this one turns away and that one turns away, and the best of them is the one who initiates the greeting.
لا يحل لأحد أن يهجر أخاه المؤمن فوق ثلاث، يلتقيان فيُعرض هذا ويُعرض هذا وخيرهما الذي يبدأ بالسلامLook at the benefit that resulted from the boycotting of Ka'b ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) and his two companions when they lagged behind the expedition to Tabuk, and they were left behind in the acceptance of their excuse. Look at what happened to them. They gained from it a strength of faith and patience regarding what happened, and waiting for relief from Allah (Mighty and Majestic), by which they attained what is among the greatest rewards. They attained the speech of the Lord of the Worlds, which is read by every Muslim in the night and the day, even in the prayers. Who among the people is praised in the obligatory and voluntary prayers?
And [He also forgave] the three who were left behind [and regretted their error] to the point that the earth closed in on them in spite of its vastness and their souls confined them and they were certain that there is no refuge from Allah except in Him. Then He turned to them so they could repent. Indeed, Allah is the Accepting of repentance, the Merciful.
وَعَلَى الثَّلاثَةِ الَّذِينَ خُلِّفُوا حَتَّى إِذَا ضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِمُ الْأَرْضُ بِمَا رَحُبَتْ وَضَاقَتْ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْفُسُهُمْ وَظَنُّوا أَنْ لا مَلْجَأَ مِنَ اللَّهِ إِلَّا إِلَيْهِ ثُمَّ تَابَ عَلَيْهِمْ لِيَتُوبُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ التَّوَّابُ الرَّحِيمُAs for what many of the exegetes held regarding His saying (the Exalted):
(19) And not [giving] for anyone who has [done him] a favor to be rewarded (20) But only seeking the countenance of his Lord, Most High.
وَمَا لِأَحَدٍ عِنْدَهُ مِنْ نِعْمَةٍ تُجْزَى إِلَّا ابْتِغَاءَ وَجْهِ رَبِّهِ الْأَعْلَى، وَلَسَوْفَ يَرْضَىThe Prophet (may the prayer and peace of Allah be upon him) boycotted them for forty nights, not speaking to them, and he said to the people: "Do not speak to them," so no one spoke to them. After the completion of the forty nights, he ordered them to separate from their wives. When the messenger came to Ka'b ibn Malik, the messenger whom the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) sent to tell him to separate from his wife, Ka'b said to him: "Should I divorce her—meaning I am ready—or what? The messenger said: I do not know. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered you to separate from your wife, and I do not know". So look at how this great obedience was with this great trial, which does not come upon a heart from which one escapes except by the protection of Allah (Mighty and Majestic).
The important point is that boycotting, if it is beneficial in reducing the sin or repenting from it, is required, either on the path of obligation or on the path of recommendation. But if it is not beneficial and only increases the sinner's arrogance and aversion from the people of good, do not boycott, because a person, no matter how many sins he has, if he is a Muslim, he is a believer, but his faith is deficient. And success is from Allah.
The reader: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.
Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and may peace and blessings be upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and all his Companions.
The author (may Allah have mercy on him) quoted: "From Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: