Explanation of the author's (may Allah have mercy on him) statement: "… and the letters of the genitive case, which are: min, ila, 'an, and 'ala …"

The Shaykh : The author said: "and the letters of the genitive case". The letters of the genitive case are the beginning of the lesson now. The letters of the genitive case mean the letters that, when they enter a noun, put it in the genitive case, meaning they make it genitive. And how do we know that these letters, when they enter a noun, make it genitive?
The student: The following.

The Shaykh : From following and investigating the speech of the Arabs. Otherwise, there is no Qur'an or Sunnah that indicates this. But when a letter from the letters of the genitive case enters a word in the speech of the Arabs, it puts it in the genitive case.
He said: "and they are min, ila, 'an, 'ala, fi, rub, the ba, the kaf, and the lam" "min, ila, 'an, 'ala, fi, rub, the ba, the kaf, and the lam". How many are these? Nine. The author counted nine letters. Okay, for example, you say: "I went out from Basra." "I went out from Basra" — is this min a letter of the genitive case? It is not permissible in the Arabic language to say "I went out from Basra" with the accusative case, and it is not permissible to say "I went out from Basra" with the nominative case. It is not permissible because min is a letter of the genitive case. You say: "from Basra" and it is necessary. Okay, "I bought this book from Zayd." From Zayd, first of all, is the book what? A noun or a letter?
The student : A name

The Shaykh : Because it has
The student: Alif and Lam

The Shaykh : Alif and Lam. Zayd, from Zayd, is a noun. What does it have of the signs of a noun?
The student: The genitive case and tanwin

The Shaykh : The genitive case and tanwin, and the entry of the letter of the genitive case. The entry of the letter of the genitive case. You see, our language with this book is to say "letter of the genitive case," not "letter of the genitive case" [referring to the term *jar*], because we study the book and contradict it, that is not correct. We say "letter of the genitive case" to align ourselves, since we are in the author's speech.
Okay, from to. Ila also, when it enters a noun, a word, it is a noun and it puts it in the genitive case. Allah the Exalted said: . Allah here is a noun. What is the evidence? It has the signs of the genitive case and the entry of the letter of the genitive case, ila. And the third is alif and lam. Allah . To the sky. The sky is a noun. Why? Because the letters of the genitive case entered it: the letter of the genitive case, alif and lam, and the genitive case.
Okay, the scholars say: Min is for the beginning, and ila is for the end. Min is for the beginning, and ila is for the end. So if you say, "I went out from Makkah to al-Madinah," the beginning of your journey
The student: Makkah

The Shaykh : and its end
The student: in al-Madinah

The Shaykh : in al-Madinah. Okay, the second: 'an and 'ala. 'An and 'ala. 'An is also from the letters of the genitive case. When it enters a word, it is a noun, and it must put this word in the genitive case. It must put it in the genitive case. You say: "I spoke to you about a grandfather." About a grandfather, what? Yes, it is a noun. What does it have of the signs of a noun? Tanwin and the genitive case, and the entry of the letter of the genitive case upon it. . The right hand is a noun. What does it have of the signs of nouns? The entry of alif and lam, the genitive case, and the entry of the letter of the genitive case. Qa'id is a noun. What does it have of the signs of a noun?
The student: Tanwin

The Shaykh : Tanwin.
The student: ... .

The Shaykh : No. . With the nominative case, it has only tanwin.
And what is the meaning of 'an? What is its meaning? They said: One of its meanings is transgression. Transgression. You say: "I shot the arrow from the bow." I shot the arrow from the bow, meaning that the arrow transgressed the bow. Transgressed the bow means it came out of it. . Transgression. Ibn Malik said:
"With 'an, transgression is meant by one who has perceived". So one of its meanings is transgression.
Okay. . Yes.
The student: Hand

The Shaykh :. Because the jizyah transgresses their hands, it moves from their hands to the hands of the Muslims.
Okay. "and 'an and 'ala". 'Ala, when it enters a word, the word is a noun and it must be put in the genitive case. It must be put in the genitive case. It must be put in the genitive case. . We say Allah is a noun. The sign of the noun is that 'ala entered it, that it has alif and lam, and that the word was put in the genitive case. This word was put in the genitive case. Okay, what is the meaning of 'ala? 'Ala. Yes.
The student: Elevation.

The Shaykh : Elevation is from elevation. You say: "I climbed onto the roof." Its meaning is elevation. And for this reason, Ibn Malik said:
"Ala is for elevation". Okay. . The Throne. Yes, it is a noun. It has the signs of nouns: the entry of the letter of the genitive case, alif and lam, and the genitive case. Like this. Okay, if someone said: "On the Throne" with the nominative case, it is a mistake. It is not permissible. The letter of the genitive case must put it in the genitive case. If he said "On the Throne" with the accusative case, it is also a mistake, because the letter of the genitive case must put it in the genitive case. So he says: "On the Throne" with the genitive case. Okay.