Explanation of the author's (may Allah have mercy on him) statement: "… The noun is identified by the genitive case and tanwin …"
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : He says: "The noun is identified by the genitive case, tanwin, the entry of the article al-, and the prepositions of the genitive case". These are four signs. Four signs by which it is identified. The genitive case is what is called *jar* (declension), but the Kufi school refers to *jar* as *kafdh* (lowering), while the Basri school refers to *kafdh* as *jar*. Otherwise, the meaning is the same, but this is a terminological convention with them. The Kufi scholar says: *kafdh*, and the Basri scholar says: *jar*.
Now, regarding *kafdh*: if we find a noun in the genitive case, we know it. If we find a word in the genitive case, we know that it is a noun. For example: "I passed by a noble man." As for "man," it has a sign other than the genitive case, but "noble"—what is the sign that it is a noun? The genitive case, because it was declined, meaning it was put in the genitive case. So if we see a word in the genitive case, or in the genitive case as the author expresses it, it is a noun. It is a noun. Likewise, it is identified by *tanwin*, for *tanwin* does not enter except on a noun. So if you find a word with *tanwin*, know that it is a noun. If it is said: "This is a man," is "man" a noun or a verb? How do we know that it is a noun?
The student: *Tanwin*.
The Shaykh : *Tanwin*. "Man" with *tanwin*. "I passed by a man." "Man" is a noun with two or three signs: the genitive case and *tanwin*. He said: "and the prepositions of the genitive case".
Now, regarding *kafdh*: if we find a noun in the genitive case, we know it. If we find a word in the genitive case, we know that it is a noun. For example: "I passed by a noble man." As for "man," it has a sign other than the genitive case, but "noble"—what is the sign that it is a noun? The genitive case, because it was declined, meaning it was put in the genitive case. So if we see a word in the genitive case, or in the genitive case as the author expresses it, it is a noun. It is a noun. Likewise, it is identified by *tanwin*, for *tanwin* does not enter except on a noun. So if you find a word with *tanwin*, know that it is a noun. If it is said: "This is a man," is "man" a noun or a verb? How do we know that it is a noun?
The student: *Tanwin*.
The Shaykh : *Tanwin*. "Man" with *tanwin*. "I passed by a man." "Man" is a noun with two or three signs: the genitive case and *tanwin*. He said: "and the prepositions of the genitive case".