Explanation of the author's (may Allah have mercy on him) statement: "… and in, and rub, and the letter ba, and the letter kaf, and the letter lam …"
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The Shaykh :"And in" "In" is in [Al-Baqarah 2:187] So if you find a word that "in" has entered upon, it is a noun. Sahih Muslim 2699a Sunan Abi Dawud 1455Sahih (Al-Albani) Good. [Al-Baqarah 2:187] "Mosques" is a noun. What are the signs of a noun in it? Three signs: the entry of the genitive particle, alif and lam, and the genitive case. Sahih Muslim 2699a Two signs. Three signs. Three signs: tanwin, the genitive case, and the entry of the genitive particle. Like this. From the houses
The student: Two signs
The Shaykh : Two signs: the genitive particle and the genitive case. Good.
"And on, and in" What is the meaning of "in"? It has meanings, one of which is locative, and that is the most common. The most common meaning in it is locative. You say: Yes, Allah the Exalted said:[Al-Baqarah 2:187] in the mosques. So the mosque is a locative noun. And you say: The man is in the coffee shop, the place where people drink coffee. What is it called by people now? In the majlis. The man is in the majlis. So the majlis is a locative noun for him. And you say: The water is in the cup, the water is in the cup. The cup is a locative noun. Clear? Good. "In" is for locative meaning.
"And rub" Rub. You say: Rub a man I met. Rub a man I met. So if you find a word that "rub" has entered upon, what is it? A noun. So "man" in your saying "rub a man" is a noun. What are the signs of a noun in it? Three signs: the entry of the genitive particle, tanwin, and the genitive case. Good.
Is "rub" for diminution or for multiplication? For diminution and multiplication according to the context. Good. He said: "And the letter ba, and the letter kaf, and the letter lam" The words at the beginning, he said (may Allah have mercy on him): "And they are min, and ila, and min, and 'an, and 'ala, and fi, and rub" These six he mentioned by their form. "And the letter ba" He mentioned it by its name, "ba," and did not say "bi." "And the letter kaf" And did not say "ka." "And the letter lam" And did not say "li." Why? Because it is known among grammarians that if a word is on one letter, it is pronounced by its name; it is mentioned by its name. It is mentioned by its name. And if it is on two letters or more, it is mentioned by its form. So you say: "Min" is a preposition, and you do not say "the letter m and the letter n are a preposition." For "li," you say "the letter lam is a preposition," and you do not say "li is a preposition." Good. The letter lam.
The letter ba. The letter ba is a sign of a noun. So if you find a word that the letter ba has entered upon, it is a noun. Bismillah. "Bism" is a noun. A noun. A noun. What are the signs of a noun in it? The entry of the genitive particle and the genitive case.[Az-Zumar 39:37] "Aziz" is a noun. Why? Because the genitive particle entered upon it, which is the letter ba, and it was in the genitive case, and tanwin. Three signs. He said: "And the letter kaf" "The letter ba" The letter ba. Let us see what its meaning is. The letter ba, the letter ba comes for causality. It has meanings. It has many meanings, but among them is causality. Good. The letter kaf. The letter kaf is also one of the genitive particles. The letter kaf is one of the genitive particles. You say: So-and-so is like the sea in generosity. So-and-so is like the sea in generosity. "Like the sea." We say the sea is a noun. A noun. The sea. What are the signs of a noun in it? Three signs. Three signs: the letter kaf, alif and lam, and the genitive case. Like this or not? Good. If someone said: So-and-so is like the sea (nominative).
The student: Error
The Shaykh : Wrong. How is it wrong? Why?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Because the letter kaf is a genitive particle, so what follows it must be in the genitive case. "So-and-so is like the sea (accusative)" is wrong because the letter kaf is a genitive particle. "So-and-so is like the sea (genitive) in generosity." What do you say about "so-and-so"? Is it a noun or not a noun?
The student : A name
The Shaykh : What are the signs in it?
The student: Tanwin
The Shaykh : Tanwin. "In generosity."
The student : A name
The Shaykh : A noun. What are the signs in it? Tanwin. Good. What is the meaning of the letter kaf? It is apparent that the letter kaf, all of you know its meaning. What is its meaning? Comparison. Comparison. Yes. Good. The letter lam. The letter lam is also one of the genitive particles. If it enters upon a noun, it puts it in the genitive case. It does not enter except upon nouns. The letter lam. Allah the Exalted said:[Al-'Adiyat 100:8] Let us look at these three words. They are all for love. "Love" is a noun. What are the signs of a noun in it? The genitive case and the entry of the genitive particle. "Good" is a noun. A noun. What are the signs of a noun in it? Two signs: the genitive case and the entry of alif and lam. We are now on the language of Ibn Jurum, O Ihsan. Good. "Shadid" (intense). "Shadid" is a noun. What is the sign of a noun in it?
The student: The genitive particle
The Shaykh : No, only tanwin.
The student: The letter lam.
The Shaykh : The letter lam is not a preposition. The letter lam is for emphasis. The letter lam is for emphasis. Good. So "shadid" is a noun. What are the signs of a noun in it? Tanwin. Good.
as long as you are staying for worship in the mosques
وأنتم عاكفون في المساجدin the mosques
في المساجدand those persons who assemble in the house among the houses of Allah
وما اجتمع قوم في بيت من بيوت اللهin a house of the houses of Allah
في بيت من بيوت اللهstaying for worship in the mosques
عاكفون في المساجدand those persons who assemble in the house
وما اجتمع قوم في بيتin a house
في بيتٍof the houses of Allah
من بيوت اللهThe student: Two signs
The Shaykh : Two signs: the genitive particle and the genitive case. Good.
"And on, and in" What is the meaning of "in"? It has meanings, one of which is locative, and that is the most common. The most common meaning in it is locative. You say: Yes, Allah the Exalted said:
as long as you are staying for worship in the mosques
وأنتم عاكفون في المساجد"And rub" Rub. You say: Rub a man I met. Rub a man I met. So if you find a word that "rub" has entered upon, what is it? A noun. So "man" in your saying "rub a man" is a noun. What are the signs of a noun in it? Three signs: the entry of the genitive particle, tanwin, and the genitive case. Good.
Is "rub" for diminution or for multiplication? For diminution and multiplication according to the context. Good. He said: "And the letter ba, and the letter kaf, and the letter lam" The words at the beginning, he said (may Allah have mercy on him): "And they are min, and ila, and min, and 'an, and 'ala, and fi, and rub" These six he mentioned by their form. "And the letter ba" He mentioned it by its name, "ba," and did not say "bi." "And the letter kaf" And did not say "ka." "And the letter lam" And did not say "li." Why? Because it is known among grammarians that if a word is on one letter, it is pronounced by its name; it is mentioned by its name. It is mentioned by its name. And if it is on two letters or more, it is mentioned by its form. So you say: "Min" is a preposition, and you do not say "the letter m and the letter n are a preposition." For "li," you say "the letter lam is a preposition," and you do not say "li is a preposition." Good. The letter lam.
The letter ba. The letter ba is a sign of a noun. So if you find a word that the letter ba has entered upon, it is a noun. Bismillah. "Bism" is a noun. A noun. A noun. What are the signs of a noun in it? The entry of the genitive particle and the genitive case.
Is not Allah Exalted in Might and Owner of Retribution?
أليس الله بعزيز ذي انتقامThe student: Error
The Shaykh : Wrong. How is it wrong? Why?
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Because the letter kaf is a genitive particle, so what follows it must be in the genitive case. "So-and-so is like the sea (accusative)" is wrong because the letter kaf is a genitive particle. "So-and-so is like the sea (genitive) in generosity." What do you say about "so-and-so"? Is it a noun or not a noun?
The student : A name
The Shaykh : What are the signs in it?
The student: Tanwin
The Shaykh : Tanwin. "In generosity."
The student : A name
The Shaykh : A noun. What are the signs in it? Tanwin. Good. What is the meaning of the letter kaf? It is apparent that the letter kaf, all of you know its meaning. What is its meaning? Comparison. Comparison. Yes. Good. The letter lam. The letter lam is also one of the genitive particles. If it enters upon a noun, it puts it in the genitive case. It does not enter except upon nouns. The letter lam. Allah the Exalted said:
And indeed he is, in love of wealth, intense.
وإنه لحب الخير لشديدThe student: The genitive particle
The Shaykh : No, only tanwin.
The student: The letter lam.
The Shaykh : The letter lam is not a preposition. The letter lam is for emphasis. The letter lam is for emphasis. Good. So "shadid" is a noun. What are the signs of a noun in it? Tanwin. Good.