Explanation of the author's (may Allah have mercy on him) statement: " . . .
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : He said: “And as for the nun, it serves as the marker of the nominative case in the present tense verb when it is followed by the dual pronoun, the plural pronoun, or the pronoun of the addressed female” This is the fourth location regarding the markers of the nominative case. The presence of the nun. He says: “It serves as the marker of the nominative case in the present tense verb when it is followed by the dual pronoun” In the present tense verb, not the past tense verb or the imperative verb, because the past tense verb and the imperative verb are not inflected; rather, they are built. The one that is inflected is the present tense. The present tense is raised by the nun. The present tense is raised by the nun under these conditions: when it is followed by the dual pronoun, the plural pronoun, or the pronoun of the addressed female. Okay, the plural pronoun, the dual pronoun, whether it is for a singular or a masculine, whether it is for a masculine or a feminine. You say for the masculine: *yaf‘alān* (they do, dual masculine), *yaf‘alān*. And for the feminine: *taf‘alān* (they do, dual feminine), *taf‘alān*. Okay, when it is followed by the plural pronoun, the plural pronoun.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Okay, *yaf‘alūna* (they do, plural masculine, absent) is the pronoun of the absent. *Taf‘alūna* (you do, plural masculine, addressed) is the pronoun of what? Addressed. All are plural. The *waw* of the plural is the plural pronoun. The pronoun of the addressed female, here.
The student: *Taf‘alīn* (you do, singular feminine, addressed).
The Shaykh : *Taf‘alīn*, *taf‘alīn*. So, when the present tense verb is followed by the dual pronoun, the plural pronoun, or the pronoun of the addressed female, it is raised by the presence of the nun: *yaf‘alān* and *taf‘alān*, *yaf‘alūna* and *taf‘alūna*. The fifth is *taf‘alīn*. These verbs are called: the five verbs, the five verbs. Or some people say: the five examples. But most of what has passed us by says: the five verbs. *Yaf‘alān*, *taf‘alān*, *yaf‘alūna*, *taf‘alūna*, *taf‘alīn*. It is raised by the presence of the nun. So you say, for example: The two men *yaf‘alān* (do), the two men *yaf‘alān* (do).
The two men: a subject, raised by the *alif* in place of the *dammah* because it is dual.
*Yaf‘alān*: a present tense verb, raised, and its marker of raising is the presence of the nun. Look, the presence of the nun, and the *waw* is the doer. The presence of the nun, and the *waw* is the doer.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, *yaf‘alān*. The two men *yaf‘alān* (do). And the *alif* is the doer. The *alif* is the doer. Okay, and you say: The two women *taf‘alān* (do), the two women *taf‘alān* (do).
The two women: a subject, raised, and its marker of raising is the *alif* in place of the *dammah* because it is dual.
And *taf‘alān*: a present tense verb, raised by the presence of the nun, and the *alif* is the doer.
Okay, the men *yaf‘alūna* (do). The men: a subject, raised by the *dammah*. Why did we raise it with the *dammah*? Because it is a broken plural, so it is raised by the *dammah*. And *yaf‘alūna*: a present tense verb, raised, and its marker of raising is the presence of the nun, and the *waw* is the doer. The presence of the nun, and the *waw* is the doer. Okay.
And you say: You (plural masculine) *taf‘alūna* (do). Allah the Exalted said: You (plural masculine) *taf‘alūna* (do).
You (plural masculine): a subject. There is no need to detail the grammar because we are beginners. You (plural masculine) is a subject.
And *taf‘alūna*: a present tense verb, raised, and its marker of raising is the presence of the nun, and the *waw* is the doer.
Okay, what remains is
The student: *Taf‘alīn* (you do, singular feminine, addressed).
The Shaykh : *Taf‘alīn*. You say: You (singular feminine) *taf‘alīn* (do).
You (singular feminine): a subject.
And *taf‘alīn*: a present tense verb, raised by the presence of the nun, and the *ya* is the doer.
Okay, what is the evidence that it is not raised by the nun except in this case? The evidence: tracking and induction. We did not find in the speech of the Arabs anything raised by the presence of the nun except these verbs which are referred to as the five verbs. So these are raised by the presence of the nun, and the *waw* is the doer. Okay, and Allah knows best.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Okay, *yaf‘alūna* (they do, plural masculine, absent) is the pronoun of the absent. *Taf‘alūna* (you do, plural masculine, addressed) is the pronoun of what? Addressed. All are plural. The *waw* of the plural is the plural pronoun. The pronoun of the addressed female, here.
The student: *Taf‘alīn* (you do, singular feminine, addressed).
The Shaykh : *Taf‘alīn*, *taf‘alīn*. So, when the present tense verb is followed by the dual pronoun, the plural pronoun, or the pronoun of the addressed female, it is raised by the presence of the nun: *yaf‘alān* and *taf‘alān*, *yaf‘alūna* and *taf‘alūna*. The fifth is *taf‘alīn*. These verbs are called: the five verbs, the five verbs. Or some people say: the five examples. But most of what has passed us by says: the five verbs. *Yaf‘alān*, *taf‘alān*, *yaf‘alūna*, *taf‘alūna*, *taf‘alīn*. It is raised by the presence of the nun. So you say, for example: The two men *yaf‘alān* (do), the two men *yaf‘alān* (do).
The two men: a subject, raised by the *alif* in place of the *dammah* because it is dual.
*Yaf‘alān*: a present tense verb, raised, and its marker of raising is the presence of the nun. Look, the presence of the nun, and the *waw* is the doer. The presence of the nun, and the *waw* is the doer.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, *yaf‘alān*. The two men *yaf‘alān* (do). And the *alif* is the doer. The *alif* is the doer. Okay, and you say: The two women *taf‘alān* (do), the two women *taf‘alān* (do).
The two women: a subject, raised, and its marker of raising is the *alif* in place of the *dammah* because it is dual.
And *taf‘alān*: a present tense verb, raised by the presence of the nun, and the *alif* is the doer.
Okay, the men *yaf‘alūna* (do). The men: a subject, raised by the *dammah*. Why did we raise it with the *dammah*? Because it is a broken plural, so it is raised by the *dammah*. And *yaf‘alūna*: a present tense verb, raised, and its marker of raising is the presence of the nun, and the *waw* is the doer. The presence of the nun, and the *waw* is the doer. Okay.
And you say: You (plural masculine) *taf‘alūna* (do). Allah the Exalted said:
While you know [the truth].
وأنتم تعلمونYou (plural masculine): a subject. There is no need to detail the grammar because we are beginners. You (plural masculine) is a subject.
And *taf‘alūna*: a present tense verb, raised, and its marker of raising is the presence of the nun, and the *waw* is the doer.
Okay, what remains is
The student: *Taf‘alīn* (you do, singular feminine, addressed).
The Shaykh : *Taf‘alīn*. You say: You (singular feminine) *taf‘alīn* (do).
You (singular feminine): a subject.
And *taf‘alīn*: a present tense verb, raised by the presence of the nun, and the *ya* is the doer.
Okay, what is the evidence that it is not raised by the nun except in this case? The evidence: tracking and induction. We did not find in the speech of the Arabs anything raised by the presence of the nun except these verbs which are referred to as the five verbs. So these are raised by the presence of the nun, and the *waw* is the doer. Okay, and Allah knows best.