Explanation of the author's (may Allah have mercy on him) statement: "… and as long as …"
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : We have one remaining, which is the thirteenth: "and as long as". "As long as" requires that the relative particle *ma* (ma al-masdarīyah al-ḍarfiyyah) precede it. *Dam* alone is not one of the sisters of *kana*. If you say "the rain continued," that is fine; "the rain continued." If you want to turn it into one of the sisters of *kana*, you introduce the relative particle *ma* (ma al-masdarīyah al-ḍarfiyyah) and say "as
No, no. I do not leave the house as long as the rain is falling. I do not leave the house as long as the rain is falling. This is called the relative particle *ma* (ma al-masdarīyah al-ḍarfiyyah) because it turns the verb into a noun preceded by a duration, and a duration is an adverb. So you say, for example,
I do not leave the house as long as the rain is falling, meaning the duration of the rain's falling, the duration of the rain's falling. Therefore, we call the *ma* here what? A relative particle (masdarīyah) and an adverbial particle (ḍarfiyyah). It is a relative particle because it turns the verb into a noun, and an adverbial particle because it is estimated as a duration, the duration of continuity.
Allah the Exalted said: meaning the duration of my being alive.
Of these thirteen tools, some operate without a condition, and some operate with a condition. The one that operates with a condition, *ẓalla*, requires that it mean
The student: Became
The Shaykh : All right. *Ta'a*, *zāla*, *bariḥa*, *infaḍa* require what? That a negation or something similar precede them. *Dāma* requires that the relative particle *ma* (ma al-masdarīyah al-ḍarfiyyah) precede it. That is all. All right.
No, no. I do not leave the house as long as the rain is falling. I do not leave the house as long as the rain is falling. This is called the relative particle *ma* (ma al-masdarīyah al-ḍarfiyyah) because it turns the verb into a noun preceded by a duration, and a duration is an adverb. So you say, for example,
I do not leave the house as long as the rain is falling, meaning the duration of the rain's falling, the duration of the rain's falling. Therefore, we call the *ma* here what? A relative particle (masdarīyah) and an adverbial particle (ḍarfiyyah). It is a relative particle because it turns the verb into a noun, and an adverbial particle because it is estimated as a duration, the duration of continuity.
Allah the Exalted said:
and He commanded me to maintain the prayer and to give zakah as long as I am alive
وأوصاني بالصلاة والزكاة ما دمت حياOf these thirteen tools, some operate without a condition, and some operate with a condition. The one that operates with a condition, *ẓalla*, requires that it mean
The student: Became
The Shaykh : All right. *Ta'a*, *zāla*, *bariḥa*, *infaḍa* require what? That a negation or something similar precede them. *Dāma* requires that the relative particle *ma* (ma al-masdarīyah al-ḍarfiyyah) precede it. That is all. All right.