The Ruling on the Adhan and Iqamah for Both Men and Women

The question: From Salem 'Abd al-Ghaffar from al-Ahsa, the city of al-'Ayun. This message reached us, and it says: Your Eminence, the one who answers the questions of the honorable listeners! Peace be upon you, and Allah's mercy and blessings.
We are, praise be to Allah, among those who follow this program and are among its lovers, for we have benefited from it with great benefits by the grace of Allah, then by the efforts of the scholars, may Allah reward us from them with good.
And his first question says: Is it obligatory for a person to perform the adhan or iqamah when praying?
The Shaykh: A man or a woman?
The presenter: Is it obligatory for a man or... he says: No, is it obligatory for a woman to perform the adhan or iqamah when praying?
Answer: As for the man, he must perform the adhan and iqamah, even if he is alone. If he is traveling, it is prescribed for him to perform the adhan and iqamah even if he is one person. It is a collective obligation (fard kifayah) upon the congregation; if one of them performs it, it drops from the rest. If one person performs the adhan and iqamah, that is sufficient. As for the single person, there is a difference of opinion regarding its obligation upon him, and what should be done is to perform it, even if he is one person, performing the adhan and iqamah.
As for the woman, it is not prescribed for her. It is not prescribed for a woman to perform the adhan or iqamah. The evidence is that this is a matter for men, for calling to attend the congregation and for knowing the times. The woman prays in her house and does not need this thing.
So the point is that the woman does not have to perform iqamah or adhan, and it is not prescribed for her. Rather, she begins her prayer with the takbir: (Allahu Akbar), she opens her prayer and prays as men pray, but it is not prescribed for her to perform the adhan or iqamah due to the lack of evidence for it. Yes.
The presenter: Okay, what if a man forgets the adhan or the iqamah?
The Shaykh: It does not harm. If he forgets, it does not harm. Even if he leaves it intentionally, his prayer is valid. But he commits a sin if he leaves it in the congregation. If the mu'adhdhin is two or three and they do not perform the adhan while traveling, or in a village where there is no one but them in their mosque and they do not perform the adhan, they commit a sin. Likewise, if they do not perform the iqamah, but the prayer is valid. Because this is an obligation outside the prayer that does not invalidate it; it is not inside it, but outside of it. So if the Muslim leaves the adhan, or leaves the iqamah, the prayer is valid, but he may commit a sin if he is in a congregation that left the adhan; they all commit a sin.
As for if he is one person, there is consideration regarding whether he commits a sin. If he is one person traveling alone, performing the adhan and iqamah is the Sunnah. But if he leaves that, does he commit a sin or not? It is a matter of consideration. Yes.
As it is established from him (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said to Malik ibn al-Huwayrith and his companion: And in another wording: .
So the result is that the adhan is required from everyone, even from two people. The single person is also required to perform the adhan; because it is a known legislation for the prayer and known in the right of men. So it should not be left, even for one person traveling or in a village if there is no one in it but him. It is recommended for him to perform the adhan and iqamah.
As for if they are two or more, the adhan and iqamah become obligatory from one of them. One of them performs the adhan and one of them performs the iqamah, the mu'adhdhin or another. Yes.