The Difference Between False Speech and False Testimony

Question:
Our sister asks about the difference between false speech and false testimony in the hadith of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him)?

Answer:
False speech is broader, and false testimony is more specific. Allah (Exalted and Majestic is He) said: [Al-Hajj:30]. False speech includes testimony and non-testimony, which is lying. False speech is lying, such as lying to people: "So-and-so did this... so-and-so sold this, so-and-so traveled while lying, so-and-so arrived," and so on. False testimony is when one testifies for so-and-so that he sold this, or bought this, or that he owes a debt to so-and-so, or that he has money belonging to so-and-so. One testifies to a right while lying, or testifies to something while lying; this is false testimony. One testifies for so-and-so that he bought this and that from so-and-so, or that he has a debt on so-and-so while lying; this is false testimony. One testifies that he killed so-and-so, or struck so-and-so while lying, or testifies that he insulted him, or that he falsely accused him of adultery while lying. All of this is called false testimony. In the authentic hadith, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said in the authentic hadith: We said: Yes, O Messenger of Allah! He said (may Allah's prayers and peace be upon him): And he was leaning, so he sat up and said: .
So he informed (peace and blessings be upon him) that the greatest of the major sins is shirk (associating partners with Allah), and we seek refuge in Allah from it. It is worshipping other than Allah, or directing some of the worship to other than Allah, such as calling upon the dead, seeking aid from the dead, making vows to them, slaughtering for the people of graves, slaughtering for the jinn, seeking aid from the jinn, slaughtering for idols made of trees and stones, or for the stars. This is major shirk. Or it is denying what Allah has made obligatory, such as denying the obligation of prayer, or the obligation of zakah, or the obligation of fasting in Ramadan. Or it is denying what Allah has made lawful for the Muslims, such as denying the lawfulness of camel meat, or the lawfulness of camels, cows, and sheep. Or it is denying what Allah has forbidden, such as saying that zina (unlawful sexual intercourse) is lawful, or that khamr (intoxicants) is lawful. All of this is major disbelief, major shirk.
Then following this is undutifulness to parents. Undutifulness to parents is among the greatest of the major sins. Killing souls without right is among the greatest of the major sins. Following shirk are killing and undutifulness to parents—may Allah grant us safety. This includes the father and mother, the grandfather and grandmother, through cursing and insulting, or beating, or other types of harm. Then he said: Lying. May Allah grant us safety. Yes.

The presenter : May Allah reward you with good, and may He do you good.