What does one do if he comes to prayer and the row is full?
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Question:
What is the ruling on praying alone behind the row? And if he misses the prayer, is it better for him to pray it at home or in the mosque?
Answer:
Praying behind the row is not permissible. It is obligatory for him to be patient until he finds a gap or stands with the imam, on the imam's right; based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):Bulugh al-Maram 2:327, and when Abu Bakrah prayed one unit behind the row, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) disapproved of that and said: Sunan Abi Dawud 683Sahih (Al-Albani). He bowed only behind the row, so he disapproved of that and said: Sunan Abi Dawud 683Sahih (Al-Albani); because he feared missing it, he bowed behind the row, then he entered the row.
He saw a man praying alone behind the row, so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered him to repeat the prayer. This indicates that it is not permissible to pray alone behind the row, but rather one should wait. If he finds a gap, he enters it. If someone comes, he lines up with him. If it is easy for him to stand with the imam, he stands with the imam on his right; because this is a legitimate excuse, just as Ibn Abbas stood on the imam's right, and Anas stood on the imam's right due to an excuse.
What is the ruling on praying alone behind the row? And if he misses the prayer, is it better for him to pray it at home or in the mosque?
Answer:
Praying behind the row is not permissible. It is obligatory for him to be patient until he finds a gap or stands with the imam, on the imam's right; based on the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):
The prayer of a person who prays alone behind the row is not accepted.
لا صلاةَ لمنفردٍ خلف الصفِّMay Allah increase your eagerness! But do not do it again.
زادك الله حرصًا، ولا تعدMay Allah increase your eagerness! But do not do it again.
زادك الله حرصًا، ولا تعدHe saw a man praying alone behind the row, so the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) ordered him to repeat the prayer. This indicates that it is not permissible to pray alone behind the row, but rather one should wait. If he finds a gap, he enters it. If someone comes, he lines up with him. If it is easy for him to stand with the imam, he stands with the imam on his right; because this is a legitimate excuse, just as Ibn Abbas stood on the imam's right, and Anas stood on the imam's right due to an excuse.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.