What should the ma'mum do if the imam adds a fifth rak'ah?
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Question:
The questioner says: An imam performed a fifth rak'ah in the Zuhr prayer, so the ma'mums recited tasbih, but the imam completed the fifth rak'ah. The worshippers differed in their actions: some followed the imam and performed the fifth rak'ah; some sat down, including the masbuq who was missing one rak'ah; some performed a rak'ah after sujud al-sahw, including the masbuq who was missing one rak'ah; some performed a rak'ah after sujud al-sahw and taslim; and some said taslim with the imam after the prostration. No one criticized another for their action. What is the ruling on the prayer of each of these people?
Answer:
It is obligatory for the ma'mums to follow the imam if he stands, except for the one who knows that the rak'ah is extra. The one who knows it is extra should recite tasbih and not follow. If the imam says taslim, he says taslim with him. As for the one who does not know, because he may be certain, or he may be mistaken—the one who recited tasbih may be mistaken, and he may be certain that it is not the fifth rak'ah—the ma'mums should follow the imam, except for the one who has knowledge that it is the fifth rak'ah; he does not follow, he sits down, and if the imam says taslim, he says taslim with him. This is what is prescribed for them. The masbuq does not count it; if his imam says taslim, he stands up and makes up what is due from him if he knows that it was extra.
Q: And the one who is certain?
The Shaykh: As for if he does not know that it is extra....
Q: Does he follow him in sujud al-sahw, the one who is certain that it is the fifth?
The Shaykh: He sits down, he does not stand up.
Q: He does not follow him in sujud al-sahw?
The Shaykh: He prostrates with him for forgetfulness, but he does not follow him in standing up; he sits with him for the prostration of forgetfulness, because the forgetfulness is general for everyone; the deficiency occurred for everyone.
The questioner says: An imam performed a fifth rak'ah in the Zuhr prayer, so the ma'mums recited tasbih, but the imam completed the fifth rak'ah. The worshippers differed in their actions: some followed the imam and performed the fifth rak'ah; some sat down, including the masbuq who was missing one rak'ah; some performed a rak'ah after sujud al-sahw, including the masbuq who was missing one rak'ah; some performed a rak'ah after sujud al-sahw and taslim; and some said taslim with the imam after the prostration. No one criticized another for their action. What is the ruling on the prayer of each of these people?
Answer:
It is obligatory for the ma'mums to follow the imam if he stands, except for the one who knows that the rak'ah is extra. The one who knows it is extra should recite tasbih and not follow. If the imam says taslim, he says taslim with him. As for the one who does not know, because he may be certain, or he may be mistaken—the one who recited tasbih may be mistaken, and he may be certain that it is not the fifth rak'ah—the ma'mums should follow the imam, except for the one who has knowledge that it is the fifth rak'ah; he does not follow, he sits down, and if the imam says taslim, he says taslim with him. This is what is prescribed for them. The masbuq does not count it; if his imam says taslim, he stands up and makes up what is due from him if he knows that it was extra.
Q: And the one who is certain?
The Shaykh: As for if he does not know that it is extra....
Q: Does he follow him in sujud al-sahw, the one who is certain that it is the fifth?
The Shaykh: He sits down, he does not stand up.
Q: He does not follow him in sujud al-sahw?
The Shaykh: He prostrates with him for forgetfulness, but he does not follow him in standing up; he sits with him for the prostration of forgetfulness, because the forgetfulness is general for everyone; the deficiency occurred for everyone.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.