A reading from Ibn 'Aqil's commentary (may Allah have mercy on him): from his statement, with the Shaykh's commentary on it: " .
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The reader: He said (may Allah have mercy on him):
" And what precedes what it governs is avoided *** and its being a cause necessitated
because the descriptive adjective is a branch in operation from the active participle, so it fell short of it, and it is not permissible to place its object before it, as is permissible with the active participle, so do not say: 'Zayd’s face is handsome,' as you say 'Zayd struck 'Amr,' and it does not operate except in a possessive, like 'Zayd is handsome-faced,' and it does not operate in a foreign object, so do not say: 'Zayd is handsome 'Amr,' and the active participle operates in the possessive and the foreign object, like 'Zayd is striking his slave' and 'Zayd is striking 'Amr.'
The Shaykh : 'Amr is handsome.
The reader: 'Amr.
The Shaykh : 'Amr, meaning in the accusative case, yes.
The reader: " And the active participle operates in the possessive and the foreign object, like 'Zayd is striking his slave' and 'Zayd is striking 'Amr.'
So raise with it, and accuse, and genitive with the definite article *** and without the definite article, accompanied by the definite article, and what is connected
to it as a possessive or bare, and *** do not make it genitive with the definite article if it is free from the definite article
and from the addition to what follows it, and what *** is not free from that is permitted, and the descriptive adjective is either with the definite article, like 'the handsome,' or bare from them, like 'handsome.' And in each of the two estimates, the object does not lack six states:
The first is that the object is with the definite article, like 'the handsome face' and 'handsome face.'
The second is that it is a possessive of what has the definite article, like 'the handsome father’s face' and 'handsome father’s face.'
The third is that it is a possessive of the pronoun of the described, like 'I passed by the man whose face is handsome' and 'a man whose face is handsome.' The fourth is that it is a possessive of a possessive of the pronoun of the described, like 'I passed by the man whose slave’s face is handsome' and 'a man whose slave’s face is handsome.'
The fifth is that it is bare from the definite article without the addition, like 'the handsome father’s face' and 'handsome father’s face.'
The sixth is that the object is bare from the definite article and the addition, like 'the handsome a face' and 'handsome a face.'
The sixth: that the ma'mul be free of the definite article al and of the genitive construction, as in al-Hasan wajhan and Hasan wajhan.
So these are twelve issues, and the ma'mul in each of these mentioned issues is either in the nominative, accusative, or genitive case, resulting in thirty-six forms .
Another student: ...
The Shaykh : Huh?
The reader: ... " Thirty-six forms, and to this he pointed by his saying: 'Raise with it,' meaning: with the descriptive adjective, 'and accuse and genitive with the definite article,' meaning: if the adjective is with the definite article, like 'the handsome,' 'and without the definite article,' meaning: if the adjective is without the definite article, like 'handsome,' 'accompanied by the definite article,' meaning: the object accompanied by the definite article, like 'the face,' 'and what is connected to it as a possessive or bare,' meaning: the object connected to it, meaning: to the adjective, if the object is a possessive or bare from the definite article and the addition. And under his saying: 'as a possessive' falls the object that is a possessive of what has the definite article, like 'the father’s face,' and the possessive of the pronoun of the described, like 'his face,' and the possessive of what is added to the pronoun of the described, like 'his slave’s face,' and the possessive of the bare from the definite article without the addition, like 'father’s face.'
And he pointed by his saying: 'And do not make it genitive with the definite article' to the end, to the fact that these issues are not all on the basis of permissibility, but four issues are prohibited if the adjective is with the definite article:
The first is the genitive of the object that is a possessive of the pronoun of the described, like 'the handsome his face.'
The second is the genitive of the object that is a possessive of what is added to the pronoun of the described, like 'the handsome his slave’s face.'
The Shaykh : This is prohibited, this is impermissible.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes, yes, that is right.
The reader: " The third is the genitive of the object that is a possessive of the bare from the definite article without the addition, like 'the handsome his father’s face.'
The fourth is the genitive of the object that is bare from the definite article and the addition, like 'the handsome his face.'
So the meaning of his words: 'And do not make it genitive with it,' meaning with the descriptive adjective, if the adjective is with the definite article, a name free from the definite article or free from the addition to what has the definite article, and that is like the four issues.
And if it is not free from that, its genitive is permitted, just as its raising and accusing are permitted, like 'the handsome the face' and 'the handsome the father’s face,' and just as the genitive of the object and its accusing and raising are permitted if the adjective is without the definite article in all cases. , that is the end.
The Shaykh : The reality is that their words (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding the descriptive adjective are long, resembling a student’s exercise, because such issues do not occur in the speech of the Arabs, meaning they seem to want to exercise the mind with that. Yes, the common case is that when the descriptive adjective comes, its object is a possessive of the pronoun of the described by it, this is the common case, 'the handsome his face,' or to what is accompanied by the definite article, like: 'the pure heart,' yes, this is the common case. Then, the common case is also that if it is accompanied by the definite article, meaning the object, it is genitive, and if it is a possessive of the pronoun, it is raised. You say: 'the pure his heart' and 'the pure the heart,' you do not say: 'the pure the heart,' and although it is permissible, it is generally not the case. So the result is that the descriptive adjective now, if its object is accompanied by the definite article, the common case is that it is genitive, and if it is a possessive of the pronoun of the described by it, the common case is that it is raised, 'handsome his face,' or 'the handsome the face.' Likewise, if it is added to a possessive of its pronoun, like: 'handsome his father’s face,' and if it is added to what is accompanied by the definite article, 'handsome the father’s face,' this is the common case in the descriptive adjective. As for these thirty-six forms and the last four, the common case is that they are not all found, yes.
Now, regarding the expression of wonder, shall we read it and not take the grammar and finish?
The student: We take the grammar.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: Inflection.
The Shaykh : I think some people have not yet returned.
" And what precedes what it governs is avoided *** and its being a cause necessitated
because the descriptive adjective is a branch in operation from the active participle, so it fell short of it, and it is not permissible to place its object before it, as is permissible with the active participle, so do not say: 'Zayd’s face is handsome,' as you say 'Zayd struck 'Amr,' and it does not operate except in a possessive, like 'Zayd is handsome-faced,' and it does not operate in a foreign object, so do not say: 'Zayd is handsome 'Amr,' and the active participle operates in the possessive and the foreign object, like 'Zayd is striking his slave' and 'Zayd is striking 'Amr.'
The Shaykh : 'Amr is handsome.
The reader: 'Amr.
The Shaykh : 'Amr, meaning in the accusative case, yes.
The reader: " And the active participle operates in the possessive and the foreign object, like 'Zayd is striking his slave' and 'Zayd is striking 'Amr.'
So raise with it, and accuse, and genitive with the definite article *** and without the definite article, accompanied by the definite article, and what is connected
to it as a possessive or bare, and *** do not make it genitive with the definite article if it is free from the definite article
and from the addition to what follows it, and what *** is not free from that is permitted, and the descriptive adjective is either with the definite article, like 'the handsome,' or bare from them, like 'handsome.' And in each of the two estimates, the object does not lack six states:
The first is that the object is with the definite article, like 'the handsome face' and 'handsome face.'
The second is that it is a possessive of what has the definite article, like 'the handsome father’s face' and 'handsome father’s face.'
The third is that it is a possessive of the pronoun of the described, like 'I passed by the man whose face is handsome' and 'a man whose face is handsome.' The fourth is that it is a possessive of a possessive of the pronoun of the described, like 'I passed by the man whose slave’s face is handsome' and 'a man whose slave’s face is handsome.'
The fifth is that it is bare from the definite article without the addition, like 'the handsome father’s face' and 'handsome father’s face.'
The sixth is that the object is bare from the definite article and the addition, like 'the handsome a face' and 'handsome a face.'
The sixth: that the ma'mul be free of the definite article al and of the genitive construction, as in al-Hasan wajhan and Hasan wajhan.
So these are twelve issues, and the ma'mul in each of these mentioned issues is either in the nominative, accusative, or genitive case, resulting in thirty-six forms .
Another student: ...
The Shaykh : Huh?
The reader: ... " Thirty-six forms, and to this he pointed by his saying: 'Raise with it,' meaning: with the descriptive adjective, 'and accuse and genitive with the definite article,' meaning: if the adjective is with the definite article, like 'the handsome,' 'and without the definite article,' meaning: if the adjective is without the definite article, like 'handsome,' 'accompanied by the definite article,' meaning: the object accompanied by the definite article, like 'the face,' 'and what is connected to it as a possessive or bare,' meaning: the object connected to it, meaning: to the adjective, if the object is a possessive or bare from the definite article and the addition. And under his saying: 'as a possessive' falls the object that is a possessive of what has the definite article, like 'the father’s face,' and the possessive of the pronoun of the described, like 'his face,' and the possessive of what is added to the pronoun of the described, like 'his slave’s face,' and the possessive of the bare from the definite article without the addition, like 'father’s face.'
And he pointed by his saying: 'And do not make it genitive with the definite article' to the end, to the fact that these issues are not all on the basis of permissibility, but four issues are prohibited if the adjective is with the definite article:
The first is the genitive of the object that is a possessive of the pronoun of the described, like 'the handsome his face.'
The second is the genitive of the object that is a possessive of what is added to the pronoun of the described, like 'the handsome his slave’s face.'
The Shaykh : This is prohibited, this is impermissible.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : Yes, yes, that is right.
The reader: " The third is the genitive of the object that is a possessive of the bare from the definite article without the addition, like 'the handsome his father’s face.'
The fourth is the genitive of the object that is bare from the definite article and the addition, like 'the handsome his face.'
So the meaning of his words: 'And do not make it genitive with it,' meaning with the descriptive adjective, if the adjective is with the definite article, a name free from the definite article or free from the addition to what has the definite article, and that is like the four issues.
And if it is not free from that, its genitive is permitted, just as its raising and accusing are permitted, like 'the handsome the face' and 'the handsome the father’s face,' and just as the genitive of the object and its accusing and raising are permitted if the adjective is without the definite article in all cases. , that is the end.
The Shaykh : The reality is that their words (may Allah have mercy on him) regarding the descriptive adjective are long, resembling a student’s exercise, because such issues do not occur in the speech of the Arabs, meaning they seem to want to exercise the mind with that. Yes, the common case is that when the descriptive adjective comes, its object is a possessive of the pronoun of the described by it, this is the common case, 'the handsome his face,' or to what is accompanied by the definite article, like: 'the pure heart,' yes, this is the common case. Then, the common case is also that if it is accompanied by the definite article, meaning the object, it is genitive, and if it is a possessive of the pronoun, it is raised. You say: 'the pure his heart' and 'the pure the heart,' you do not say: 'the pure the heart,' and although it is permissible, it is generally not the case. So the result is that the descriptive adjective now, if its object is accompanied by the definite article, the common case is that it is genitive, and if it is a possessive of the pronoun of the described by it, the common case is that it is raised, 'handsome his face,' or 'the handsome the face.' Likewise, if it is added to a possessive of its pronoun, like: 'handsome his father’s face,' and if it is added to what is accompanied by the definite article, 'handsome the father’s face,' this is the common case in the descriptive adjective. As for these thirty-six forms and the last four, the common case is that they are not all found, yes.
Now, regarding the expression of wonder, shall we read it and not take the grammar and finish?
The student: We take the grammar.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: Inflection.
The Shaykh : I think some people have not yet returned.