Explanation of the words of Ibn Malik (may Allah have mercy on him): "And the one with a demonstrative, like *ayy* in the attribute *** If its omission satisfies the definite article."
Machine translationRead the Arabic original
The Shaykh : Then the author said:
"And the one with a demonstrative, like *ayy* in the attribute *** If its omission satisfies the definite article":
"The one with a demonstrative" means the demonstrative noun. "Like *ayy* in the attribute" means that it is not described except by a relative noun, or by one adorned with *al*. For example, you say "O this one," but you do not say "O *ayy* this one." If you want to describe the demonstrative noun, with what do you describe it? You describe it with what contains *al*, or with a relative noun adorned with *al*. That is why he said: "And the one with a demonstrative": meaning, and the demonstrative noun.
"Like *ayy*": And what does "like *ayy*" mean? It means by *ayy* in *ayyaha*, the *ayy* in *ayyaha* in the attribute. So you say, for example, "O this one who did such and such," and you say "O this man," but you do not say "O this one, Zayd," or you say "O this one who did such and such." Its description is valid. Now, the apparent meaning of the author's words is that it is permissible to describe it with a demonstrative noun, because he said: "Like *ayy* in the attribute", and *ayy* is described with a demonstrative noun. So, is it said, for example, "O this one, *dha*"?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Here we say: We are content with the *ya* of *hadha*. As long as we have a demonstrative noun, we do not need to bring another demonstrative noun. But with *ayy*, if we want to call out to a demonstrative noun, we must bring a demonstrative noun. But here, if we call out to a demonstrative noun, there is no need to bring a demonstrative noun the second time. I think the difference is clear?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : So the author's saying: "Like *ayy* in the attribute": means in the last two issues, which are? Here? The one adorned with *al*, and the relative noun adorned with *al*. And Allah knows best.
The student: Shaykh!
The Shaykh : Yes? The text, and this text is the one that is the focus.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, yes, yes?
The student: The hypocrites.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: The hypocrites in Surat al-Nisa:[An-Nisa 4:145].
The Shaykh : Yes
"And the one with a demonstrative, like *ayy* in the attribute *** If its omission satisfies the definite article":
"The one with a demonstrative" means the demonstrative noun. "Like *ayy* in the attribute" means that it is not described except by a relative noun, or by one adorned with *al*. For example, you say "O this one," but you do not say "O *ayy* this one." If you want to describe the demonstrative noun, with what do you describe it? You describe it with what contains *al*, or with a relative noun adorned with *al*. That is why he said: "And the one with a demonstrative": meaning, and the demonstrative noun.
"Like *ayy*": And what does "like *ayy*" mean? It means by *ayy* in *ayyaha*, the *ayy* in *ayyaha* in the attribute. So you say, for example, "O this one who did such and such," and you say "O this man," but you do not say "O this one, Zayd," or you say "O this one who did such and such." Its description is valid. Now, the apparent meaning of the author's words is that it is permissible to describe it with a demonstrative noun, because he said: "Like *ayy* in the attribute", and *ayy* is described with a demonstrative noun. So, is it said, for example, "O this one, *dha*"?
The student: No.
The Shaykh : Here we say: We are content with the *ya* of *hadha*. As long as we have a demonstrative noun, we do not need to bring another demonstrative noun. But with *ayy*, if we want to call out to a demonstrative noun, we must bring a demonstrative noun. But here, if we call out to a demonstrative noun, there is no need to bring a demonstrative noun the second time. I think the difference is clear?
The student: Yes.
The Shaykh : So the author's saying: "Like *ayy* in the attribute": means in the last two issues, which are? Here? The one adorned with *al*, and the relative noun adorned with *al*. And Allah knows best.
The student: Shaykh!
The Shaykh : Yes? The text, and this text is the one that is the focus.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, yes, yes?
The student: The hypocrites.
The Shaykh : Huh?
The student: The hypocrites in Surat al-Nisa:
Indeed, the hypocrites will be in the lowest depths of the Fire
إن المنافقين في الدرك الأسفل من النارThe Shaykh : Yes