The ruling on one who says, “I am divorced if I am such-and-such.”

He has a second question as well, in which he says: I was discussing a topic with my colleague, and it angered me. After my colleague left, I said to myself, but I actually spoke the words: “I am divorced if you are filthy.” By the word “filthy,” I meant that he loves himself over the benefit of others, or something like that. Is this an oath or a divorce? And do I owe an expiation? Please inform us, may Allah reward you.
Answer: If you believed that when you said, “I am divorced if you are filthy,” meaning that you are filthy, and if you believed that and were sincere in what you intended by “filthiness”—that he is selfish and loves himself—that being your intention by “filthiness,” then you owe nothing; because you said something in which you believed yourself to be truthful. As long as you believe that you are truthful in what you described him with, you owe nothing. Yes.
The presenter: May Allah reward you. And if he did not believe that, but it was only out of anger, meaning: does he become a disbeliever, or is it considered an oath, O Shaykh?
The Shaykh: ... This is different if he says, “You are filthy,” and he believes that he is lying. In that case, it appears that a divorce takes effect on him; one divorce takes effect on his wife; because he did not intend to address any person with this, it was between him and himself. So if he says, “I am divorced if you are filthy,” or “I am divorced if so-and-so arrived,” and he knows that he did not arrive, one divorce takes effect on his wife. Yes.
The presenter: May Allah reward you with good, and may Allah bless you.