Is the tathwib in the first adhan or the last, with mention of the evidence? For there are hadiths that restrict the tathwib to the first adhan, and some scholars have mentioned that...
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The questioner : Is the tathwib in the first adhan or the last? With mention of the evidence. For there are hadiths that restrict the tathwib to the first adhan, and some scholars have mentioned that the intended meaning of the first adhan is the adhan recited in the minaret at the beginning of the time, and the intended meaning of the second is the iqamah. What is the evidence for this interpretation? And the rule is that one does not resort to interpretation unless the circumstances are strong?
The Shaykh : Yes. The tathwib is only in the adhan for the Fajr prayer. The tathwib is in the adhan for the Fajr prayer, and it is known that the adhan for the Fajr prayer does not occur except after the time has entered, by the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):Sahih Muslim 674a And the prayer is not established except by the entry of its time.
As for the use of the term "first adhan" in contrast to the iqamah, this is common, as in "Sahih Muslim" and also in "the two Sahihs": that 'Uthman ibn 'Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) added a third adhan for the Jumu'ah prayer, and they refer by this to the adhan before the imam sits on the minbar for the khutbah, and they called it the third because it is the third along with the adhan that occurs when the imam sits for the khutbah and the iqamah. As for the adhan that occurs at the end of the night, which people call the first adhan, it is a later convention and is not for the Fajr prayer, but rather it is as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said: in order for people to have their suhur before the second adhan of Fajr. Therefore, the practice of people is in this regard, that the tathwib is in the adhan after the dawn appears. But some people among the students of knowledge who did not delve deeply into knowledge and did not grasp the ends of the texts thought that this is the adhan that the Messenger (may the prayer and peace of Allah be upon him) intended by his saying: and the intended meaning of the first adhan is the one that occurs after the dawn appears, so the second adhan is the iqamah. Yes.
The questioner : May Allah reward you and bless you. The questioner says.
The Shaykh : Yes. The tathwib is only in the adhan for the Fajr prayer. The tathwib is in the adhan for the Fajr prayer, and it is known that the adhan for the Fajr prayer does not occur except after the time has entered, by the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):
when the time for prayer comes, one amongst you should announce Adhan
إذا حضرت الصلاة فليؤذّن لكم أحدكمAs for the use of the term "first adhan" in contrast to the iqamah, this is common, as in "Sahih Muslim" and also in "the two Sahihs": that 'Uthman ibn 'Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) added a third adhan for the Jumu'ah prayer, and they refer by this to the adhan before the imam sits on the minbar for the khutbah, and they called it the third because it is the third along with the adhan that occurs when the imam sits for the khutbah and the iqamah. As for the adhan that occurs at the end of the night, which people call the first adhan, it is a later convention and is not for the Fajr prayer, but rather it is as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said:
Let him wake the sleeper and return the one who is standing
ليوقظ النائم، ويُرجع القائمWhen you give the adhan for the first adhan of the Fajr prayer, say: Prayer is better than sleep
إذا أذّنت لصلاة الفجر الأذان الأول فقل الصلاة خير من النومThe questioner : May Allah reward you and bless you. The questioner says.