Zakat on the debts of a shop
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Fatwa No. ( 19471 )
Q1: I have a commercial shop for building materials with a partner, sharing according to capital, and praise be to Allah. On 30/12 of every year, I take stock of the shop and pay the zakat on my share of cash, goods, and debts owed to the shop. However, I calculate the debts and find, for example, that my share of the debt is four thousand; I pay zakat on three thousand and consider the fourth quarter a debt that is not expected to be repaid.
A1: What you do every year, taking stock of the commercial shop and paying the zakat on your share of goods and cash, is what is obligatory upon you. As for the debts that people owe you, if they are owed by wealthy people from whom they can be collected upon request, then their zakat is obligatory every year when the lunar year of possession is completed. If they are owed by people in financial difficulty and there is a fear of not being able to collect them, then zakat becomes obligatory on them when the lunar year is completed after they are collected.
Q2: From this shop, I rented land for an annual rent per dunam, and we cultivate it. I asked some scholars, and they said: If you combine the agriculture with the shop, there is no zakat except on the shop and the agriculture and trade within it.
However, I did not adhere to that, because the agriculture is subject to 1/10 since it is watered by rainwater. But he says: You have performed plowing, planting, and spraying pesticides, which are costs that were not present previously, nor in the past agriculture. O honorable Shaykh: From the beginning of the agriculture, I deducted only the rent of the land and paid zakat on the produce and expenses at one-tenth. For your information, my lord, I sell the produce because there is no one to take the zakat in wheat, as flour is available in the market, and I pay it in cash because cash is not available to the poor. For example: I rented for two thousand dinars, the expenses were two thousand dinars, and the net produce was two thousand dinars, and I paid zakat of four hundred dinars, one hundred dinars for every thousand. Please advise us, may Allah reward you.
A2: What comes out of the earth is subject to zakat when the grain hardens and the fruit begins to ripen, if it reaches the nisab, which is three hundred sa' by the Prophet's sa' (a dry measure of about 3 kg). It is not combined with what is in the shop. The amount obligatory in it is one-tenth if it is watered by rain or rivers, and no regard is given to the expenses you mentioned; because the text of the hadith is: And Allah is the Guide to the straight path. And success is from Allah, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
Q1: I have a commercial shop for building materials with a partner, sharing according to capital, and praise be to Allah. On 30/12 of every year, I take stock of the shop and pay the zakat on my share of cash, goods, and debts owed to the shop. However, I calculate the debts and find, for example, that my share of the debt is four thousand; I pay zakat on three thousand and consider the fourth quarter a debt that is not expected to be repaid.
A1: What you do every year, taking stock of the commercial shop and paying the zakat on your share of goods and cash, is what is obligatory upon you. As for the debts that people owe you, if they are owed by wealthy people from whom they can be collected upon request, then their zakat is obligatory every year when the lunar year of possession is completed. If they are owed by people in financial difficulty and there is a fear of not being able to collect them, then zakat becomes obligatory on them when the lunar year is completed after they are collected.
Q2: From this shop, I rented land for an annual rent per dunam, and we cultivate it. I asked some scholars, and they said: If you combine the agriculture with the shop, there is no zakat except on the shop and the agriculture and trade within it.
However, I did not adhere to that, because the agriculture is subject to 1/10 since it is watered by rainwater. But he says: You have performed plowing, planting, and spraying pesticides, which are costs that were not present previously, nor in the past agriculture. O honorable Shaykh: From the beginning of the agriculture, I deducted only the rent of the land and paid zakat on the produce and expenses at one-tenth. For your information, my lord, I sell the produce because there is no one to take the zakat in wheat, as flour is available in the market, and I pay it in cash because cash is not available to the poor. For example: I rented for two thousand dinars, the expenses were two thousand dinars, and the net produce was two thousand dinars, and I paid zakat of four hundred dinars, one hundred dinars for every thousand. Please advise us, may Allah reward you.
A2: What comes out of the earth is subject to zakat when the grain hardens and the fruit begins to ripen, if it reaches the nisab, which is three hundred sa' by the Prophet's sa' (a dry measure of about 3 kg). It is not combined with what is in the shop. The amount obligatory in it is one-tenth if it is watered by rain or rivers, and no regard is given to the expenses you mentioned; because the text of the hadith is:
That what is watered without expense is subject to one-tenth
أن ما سقي بلا مؤونة ففيه العشر
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.