The Duha Prayer: Is it waived for the traveler?
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The fourth question of Fatwa No. ( 18449 )
Q4: Is the Duha Prayer waived for the traveler like the other voluntary prayers, or is it obligatory to perform it while traveling? Also, is the recitation in it loud or quiet, what is the best number of rak'ahs, and what is the best time for it?
A4: The Duha Prayer is recommended (mustahabb) and not obligatory, nor is it among the regular voluntary prayers (rawatib). Its prescription (mashru') is established in authentic hadiths from the Prophet
(peace and blessings be upon him), but it is not established that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was consistent in performing it. What is established from him (peace and blessings be upon him) is that:Sahih Muslim 719c narrated by Muslim from the hadith of 'A'ishah (may Allah be pleased with her). The word "was" (kana) here does not indicate consistency, as evidenced by her statement (may Allah be pleased with her) when asked: Bulugh al-Maram 2:297 narrated by Muslim. It is known in the principles of jurisprudence that "was" (kana) generally does not indicate permanence, and if there is evidence to the contrary, it is interpreted accordingly, as is the case here. This does not contradict her statement (may Allah be pleased with her): Sahih Muslim 718 narrated by the two Shaykhs (al-Bukhari and Muslim), for she (may Allah be pleased with her) only denied seeing him (peace and blessings be upon him) perform it, and reported that she used to perform it, as if relying on what reached her regarding the encouragement of it and his (peace and blessings be upon him) performance of it. Thus, her words do not contradict each other in this context. As for the number of rak'ahs, the minimum is two and the maximum is eight. As for the recitation, it is not recited aloud in it. As for the best time, it is explained in the hadith of Zayd ibn Arqam (may Allah be pleased with him) that
the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Sahih Muslim 748a narrated by Muslim . The meaning is when the young camels are scorched by the heat of the ground, which is the intense heat of the earth caused by the sun falling on the sand and other things, and that is when the sun rises and its heat takes effect. "Al-fisal" is the plural of "fasil," which is a young camel. It is established in the two Sahihs (al-Bukhari and Muslim) and it is established in the Sahih of Muslim : that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) advised Abu al-Darda' (may Allah be pleased with him) regarding this, and in the Sahih of Muslim from Abu Dharr (may Allah be pleased with him) from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said: Sahih Muslim 720 . And success is from Allah, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
Q4: Is the Duha Prayer waived for the traveler like the other voluntary prayers, or is it obligatory to perform it while traveling? Also, is the recitation in it loud or quiet, what is the best number of rak'ahs, and what is the best time for it?
A4: The Duha Prayer is recommended (mustahabb) and not obligatory, nor is it among the regular voluntary prayers (rawatib). Its prescription (mashru') is established in authentic hadiths from the Prophet
(peace and blessings be upon him), but it is not established that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was consistent in performing it. What is established from him (peace and blessings be upon him) is that:
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to observe four rak'ahs in the forenoon prayer and he sometimes observed more as Allah pleased.
كان يصلي الضحى أربعًا ويزيد ما شاء الله['Aishah (RA)] was asked, "Did Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) use to offer the Duha prayer?" She replied, "No, unless he came back from a journey."
سئلت هل كان رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يصلي الضحى قالت: لا، إلا أن يجيء من مغيبهI have never seen the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) observing the supererogatory prayer of the forenoon, but I observed it.
ما رأيت رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يصلي سبحة الضحى قط وإني لأسبحهاthe Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
The prayer of those who are penitent is observed when your weaned camels feel the heat of the sun.
صلاة الأوابين حين ترمض الفصالThat the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) advised Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) regarding the two rak'ahs of the Duha prayer.
أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: أوصى أبا هريرة رضي الله عنه بركعتي الضحىIn the morning charity is due from every bone in the body of every one of you. Every utterance of Allah's glorification is an act of charity. Every utterance of praise of Him is an act of charity, every utterance of profession of His Oneness is an act of charity, every utterance of profession of His Greatness is an act of charity, enjoining good is an act of charity, forbidding what is distreputable is an act of charity, and two rak'ahs which one prays in the forenoon will suffice.
يصبح على كل سلامى من أحدكم صدقة، فكل تسبيحة صدقة، وكل تحميدة صدقة، وكل تهليلة صدقة، وكل تكبيرة صدقة، وأمر بالمعروف صدقة، ونهي عن المنكر صدقة، ويجزئ من ذلك ركعتان يركعهما من الضحى
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.