We request clarification of the voluntary and regular prayers that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to pray before and after the obligatory prayers, specifying the number of rak'ahs, as well as the prayer of
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The questioner : We request clarification of the voluntary prayers that the Chosen One (peace and blessings be upon him) used to pray before and after the obligatory prayers, specifying the number of rak'ahs, such as the prayer of Ishaq, the prayer of Duha, and the regular prayers before Dhuhr, before Asr, after Maghrib, and after Isha. Also, how many rak'ahs does the prayer of tahajjud consist of? And is it obligatory to pray witr after it, considering that a person may have already prayed witr after Isha and then gone to sleep?
The Shaykh : The regular prayers that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to pray were ten, as in the hadith of Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both): two rak'ahs before Dhuhr, two after it, two after Maghrib, two after Isha, and two before the Fajr prayer. These make ten. And Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not leave four rak'ahs before Dhuhr". Based on this, the regular prayers are twelve rak'ahs: four before Dhuhr, two after it, two after Maghrib, two after Isha, and two before the Fajr prayer. However, it is recommended in the two rak'ahs before the Fajr prayer, it is recommended in them to do two things: first, to be brief, and second, to recite in the first rak'ah along with al-Fatihah, and [Al-Ikhlas 112:1] in the second rak'ah along with al-Fatihah, or in the first rak'ah along with al-Fatihah, [Al-Baqarah 2:136] from Surat al-Baqarah, and [Ali 'Imran 3:64] from Surat Aal 'Imran in the second rak'ah along with al-Fatihah.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : As for the two rak'ahs of Duha, in Sahih Muslim, from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), she said: "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to pray Duha four rak'ahs, and he would increase whatever Allah willed". The minimum, meaning the minimum of the sunnah of Duha, is two rak'ahs. As for the tahajjud of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) was asked: How was the prayer of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in Ramadan? She said: "He did not exceed eleven rak'ahs in Ramadan or otherwise". This is what the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) used to pray at night: eleven rak'ahs, and he did not exceed that. However, if a person prays tahajjud with more and exceeds eleven rak'ahs, there is no blame on him, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked, as in the hadith of Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both): What do you say about the night prayer? He said:Sahih al-Bukhari 990 Or he said: . Based on this, we say that the number of night prayers is not limited to eleven, but a person prays as much as his energy allows. And if one prays witr at the beginning of the night and intends not to get up at the end of it, then if it is decreed for him to get up afterwards, he prays two rak'ahs at a time until Fajr appears, and he does not repeat the witr.
The questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : Because witr is the conclusion of the night prayer in his belief before he sleeps. However, it is recommended for a person whose habit is to get up at the end of the night to make his witr at the end of the night, as established by the hadith from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that whoever hopes to get up at the end of the night should pray witr at the end of it, for the prayer at the end of the night is witnessed, and that is better. As for one who fears he will not get up at the end of the night, he should not sleep until he prays witr. Yes.
The questioner : The second question says.
The Shaykh : The regular prayers that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to pray were ten, as in the hadith of Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both): two rak'ahs before Dhuhr, two after it, two after Maghrib, two after Isha, and two before the Fajr prayer. These make ten. And Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not leave four rak'ahs before Dhuhr". Based on this, the regular prayers are twelve rak'ahs: four before Dhuhr, two after it, two after Maghrib, two after Isha, and two before the Fajr prayer. However, it is recommended in the two rak'ahs before the Fajr prayer, it is recommended in them to do two things: first, to be brief, and second, to recite
Say: O you disbelievers!
قل يا أيها الكافرونSay, "He is Allah, [who is] One,
قل هو الله أحدSay, [O believers], "We have believed in Allah and what has been revealed to us and what has been revealed to Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the Descendants and what was given to Moses and Jesus and what was given to the prophets from their Lord. We make no distinction between any of them, and we are Muslims [in submission] to Him."
قولوا ءامنا بالله وما أنزل إلينا وما أنزل إلى إبراهيم وإسماعيل وإسحاق ويعقوب والأسباط وما أوتي موسى وعيسى وما أوتي النبيون من ربهم لا نفرّق بين أحد منهم ونحن له مسلمونSay, "O People of the Scripture, come to a word that is equitable between us and you - that we will not worship except Allah and not associate anything with Him and not take one another as lords instead of Allah." But if they turn away, then say, "Bear witness that we are Muslims [submitting to Him]."
قل يا أهل الكتاب تعالوا إلى كلمة سواء بيننا وبينكم ألا نعبد إلا الله ولا نشرك به شيئا ولا يتخذ بعضنا بعضا أربابا من دون الله فإن تولوا فقولوا اشهدوا بأنا مسلمونThe questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : As for the two rak'ahs of Duha, in Sahih Muslim, from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), she said: "The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to pray Duha four rak'ahs, and he would increase whatever Allah willed". The minimum, meaning the minimum of the sunnah of Duha, is two rak'ahs. As for the tahajjud of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) was asked: How was the prayer of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in Ramadan? She said: "He did not exceed eleven rak'ahs in Ramadan or otherwise". This is what the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) used to pray at night: eleven rak'ahs, and he did not exceed that. However, if a person prays tahajjud with more and exceeds eleven rak'ahs, there is no blame on him, because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was asked, as in the hadith of Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both): What do you say about the night prayer? He said:
as two Rak`at followed by two Rak`at and so on and if anyone is afraid of the approaching dawn (Fajr prayer) he should pray one Rak`ah and this will be a Witr for all the Rak`at which he has prayed before.
مثنى مثنى، فإذا خشي أحدكم الصبح صلى واحدة فأوترت له ما صلىHe prays witr for him whatever he has prayed.
توتر له ما صلىThe questioner : Yes.
The Shaykh : Because witr is the conclusion of the night prayer in his belief before he sleeps. However, it is recommended for a person whose habit is to get up at the end of the night to make his witr at the end of the night, as established by the hadith from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) that whoever hopes to get up at the end of the night should pray witr at the end of it, for the prayer at the end of the night is witnessed, and that is better. As for one who fears he will not get up at the end of the night, he should not sleep until he prays witr. Yes.
The questioner : The second question says.