Combining the hadiths prohibiting and permitting shaking hands with a non-mahram woman
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The second question of Fatwa No. ( 8668 )
Q2: I read in the book (Collection of Letters of Shaykh Muhammad al-Hamid ) several hadiths that indicate the prohibition of shaking hands with a non-mahram woman, including: narrated by al-Bukhari from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), who said: , and in a second hadith, the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) said: narrated by al-Tabarani , and also his saying (peace and blessings be upon him): or as he said, narrated by al-Tabarani and al-Bayhaqi and the narrators of al-Tabarani are trustworthy, and in another hadith narrated by al-Bukhari regarding the pledge of allegiance to women, from Umm Atiyyah who said: . And in another hadith, regarding his saying (peace and blessings be upon him):
The researcher al-Shurunbulali mentioned it in his marginal notes on the book (Al-Durar fi Fiqh al-Hanafiyyah). And in the hadith that was narrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim: , and I have learned from these hadiths that shaking hands with a non-mahram woman is forbidden, and I advised my relatives and friends, but they replied to me saying: We are on our intentions, and we cannot visit our relatives and shake hands with the men among them without shaking hands with the women. Perhaps the wife of the person we are visiting, if we are coming to him from a trip for example, will think something, and she will say to us: It is not from us applying the Shari'ah, but rather she will say to us: We are arrogant. So I replied to them saying: It is obligatory for you to explain to her the hadith that I taught you from this book. They replied to me saying: We were not able to apply it. If you want to apply it, do so and see what comes back to you. And some say to me: Do not do this, because there is nothing wrong with this action, and you will expose yourself to criticism. This is after: We have a phenomenon that I have not liked before, where if one of us visits another, such as his brother (full brother), or his cousin, or his maternal cousin, or a friend from the group, i.e., his group - he shakes hands with the wife of the person being visited, and she was not a relative to him with a permanent prohibition of marriage, such as his sister, and she was not veiled from him, and she laughs with him and asks him questions and converses with him, but it was not bad talk, and I am afraid that
that may happen. The question regarding these hadiths and the explanation you explained to your eminence in this letter about the phenomenon that I did not like, the following paragraphs I want explained: A - What is the meaning of the hadith of Umm Atiyyah , in which she said: , what is the meaning of "she withdrew her hand" and why? Give us a ruling, may Allah reward you with good. B - This phenomenon is widespread, especially in the south. If I come from a trip, some of my maternal aunts' daughters and paternal aunts' daughters shake hands with me, but when I understood the hadiths, I came to dislike this handshake from women, but there was no determination to get rid of this phenomenon, so what should I do? Guide us, may Allah bless you
I want evidence or proofs from the Qur'an, and in addition to these hadiths that I cited in this letter; so that I can advise my relatives and my group about this phenomenon, and so that I have strict, decisive evidence for this action. Give us a ruling, may Allah bless you
. A2: First: The meaning of a woman withdrawing her hand from the pledge of allegiance is: her delaying in accepting the pledge until she is consoled by the one who consoled her in her grief, or that she may have extended
her hand during the pledge without shaking hands, then withdrew it when she heard the word:[Al-Mumtahanah 60:12] , and refer to the explanation by Ibn Hajar of the hadith of Aisha and Umm Atiyyah (may Allah be pleased with them both), in the eighth volume of (Fath al-Bari), for he gave the topic its due of clarification. Second: Continue advising those people regarding the prohibition of a man shaking hands with a woman who is not his mahram, perhaps they will respond to your advice after their refusal, and do not despair. Third: If the hadith is established from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), it is obligatory to act upon it, unless there is evidence that diverts it from being obligatory; because it is revelation from Allah, Allah the Exalted said: [An-Najm 53:3-4] . And Allah the Exalted commanded obedience to Him in everything He brought, Allah the Exalted said: [Al-Hashr 59:7] , and He said: [An-Nisa 4:80] , and other verses that commanded obedience to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
And success is from Allah, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and his Companions.
The Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta
Q2: I read in the book (Collection of Letters of Shaykh Muhammad al-Hamid ) several hadiths that indicate the prohibition of shaking hands with a non-mahram woman, including: narrated by al-Bukhari from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), who said:
The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) used to take the pledge of allegiance from women by words with this verse: THAT THEY NOT ASSOCIATE ANYTHING WITH ALLAH , and she said: The hand of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) did not touch the hand of a woman except a woman he owned, meaning: he owned her in marriage
كان النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يبايع النساء بالكلام بهذه الآية: أَنْ لاَ يُشْرِكْنَ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا ، وقالت: ما مست يد رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم يد امرأة إلا امرأة يملكها، أي: يملك نكاحهاBeware of being alone with women, and by Him in whose hand is my soul, no man is alone with a woman except that Satan enters between them, and it is better for one of you to be crowded by a pig covered in mud or slime than to have his shoulder crowded by the shoulder of a woman who is not lawful for him
إياك والخلوة بالنساء، والذي نفسي بيده ما خلا رجل بامرأة إلا دخل الشيطان بينهما، ولأن يزحم أحدكم خنزيرًا متلطخًا بطين أو حمأة خير له من أن يزحم منكبه منكب امرأة لا تحل لهIt would be better for one of you to be stabbed in the head with an iron needle than to touch a woman who is not lawful for him.
لأن يطعن في رأس أحدكم بمخيط من حديد خير له من أن يمس امرأة لا تحل لهThe Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) took our pledge of allegiance and recited: THAT THEY NOT ASSOCIATE ANYTHING WITH ALLAH , and he forbade us from wailing, so a woman among us withdrew her hand and said: So-and-so consoled me and I want to reward her, so he said nothing, meaning: she wept with me for a dead person of mine, so I want to reward her by weeping for her dead person
بايعنا رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقرأ: أَنْ لاَ يُشْرِكْنَ بِاللَّهِ شَيْئًا ، ونهانا عن النياحة، فقبضت امرأة منا يدها فقالت: فلانة أسعدتني وأنا أريد أن أجزيها، فلم يقل شيئًا، أي: إنها بكت معي ميتًا لي، فأنا أريد أكافئها بالبكاء على ميتهاWhoever touches the hand of a woman who is not lawful for him, a piece of hot coal will be placed on his hand on the Day of Resurrection
من مس كف امرأة ليس منها بسبيل وضع على كفه جمر يوم القيامةThe researcher al-Shurunbulali mentioned it in his marginal notes on the book (Al-Durar fi Fiqh al-Hanafiyyah). And in the hadith that was narrated by al-Bukhari and Muslim:
The hand's zina is the touch
إن اليد زناها البطشthat may happen. The question regarding these hadiths and the explanation you explained to your eminence in this letter about the phenomenon that I did not like, the following paragraphs I want explained: A - What is the meaning of the hadith of Umm Atiyyah , in which she said:
Indeed, one of them withdrew her hand when the noble Messenger (may the best of prayers and peace be upon him) forbade them from wailing
إن امرأة منهن قبضت يدها حينما نهاهن الرسول الكريم عليه أفضل الصلاة والسلام عن النياحةI want evidence or proofs from the Qur'an, and in addition to these hadiths that I cited in this letter; so that I can advise my relatives and my group about this phenomenon, and so that I have strict, decisive evidence for this action. Give us a ruling, may Allah bless you
. A2: First: The meaning of a woman withdrawing her hand from the pledge of allegiance is: her delaying in accepting the pledge until she is consoled by the one who consoled her in her grief, or that she may have extended
her hand during the pledge without shaking hands, then withdrew it when she heard the word:
nor will they disobey you in what is right
وَلاَ يَعْصِينَكَ فِي مَعْرُوفٍ(3) Nor does he speak from [his own] inclination. (4) It is not but a revelation revealed,
وَمَا يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوَى (3) إِنْ هُوَ إِلا وَحْيٌ يُوحَىAnd whatever the Messenger has given you - take; and what he has forbidden you - refrain from
وَمَا آتَاكُمُ الرَّسُولُ فَخُذُوهُ وَمَا نَهَاكُمْ عَنْهُ فَانْتَهُواHe who obeys the Messenger has obeyed Allah
مَنْ يُطِعِ الرَّسُولَ فَقَدْ أَطَاعَ اللَّهَAnd success is from Allah, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad and his family and his Companions.
The Permanent Committee for Scholarly Research and Ifta
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.