The Difference Between Riba al-Fadl and Riba al-Nasi'ah
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Question thirty-two from Fatwa number ( 18612 )
Q32: We ask you to please clarify Riba al-Fadl and Riba al-Nasi'ah and the difference between them .
A32: Riba al-Nasi'ah is derived from *nasi'ah*, which means delay, and it is of two types: The first: extending the debt for the one who is unable to pay, and this is the Riba of the pre-Islamic age of ignorance. A man would have a deferred debt with another man, and when the due date arrived, the creditor would say to him: "Either pay it, or increase it." If he did not pay, the creditor would extend the term and increase the debt in exchange for the delay, so the debt would multiply in the debtor's liability. The second: what occurs in the sale of two items that share the same operative cause for Riba al-Fadl, with a delay in taking possession of both or one of them, such as selling gold for gold or for silver, or silver for gold, deferred or without immediate exchange in the place of the contract. As for Riba al-Fadl: it is derived from *fadl*, which means an increase in one of the two counter-exchanges. The texts have come with its prohibition in six things, which are: gold, silver, wheat, barley, dates, and salt. If one of these things is sold for its own kind, it is forbidden to make one more than the other, and what shares the operative cause with these six things is measured by them. For example, it is not permissible to sell a kilogram of low-grade gold for half a kilogram of high-grade gold, nor silver for silver, wheat for wheat, barley for barley, dates for dates, or salt for salt,
it is not permissible to sell any of them for its own kind except equal for equal, exactly the same, hand to hand. However, it is permissible to sell a kilogram of gold for two kilograms of silver if it is hand to hand, due to the difference in kind. And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Sahih Muslim 1587c , narrated by Muslim from the hadith of 'Ubadah ibn al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him). And success is from Allah, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
Q32: We ask you to please clarify Riba al-Fadl and Riba al-Nasi'ah and the difference between them .
A32: Riba al-Nasi'ah is derived from *nasi'ah*, which means delay, and it is of two types: The first: extending the debt for the one who is unable to pay, and this is the Riba of the pre-Islamic age of ignorance. A man would have a deferred debt with another man, and when the due date arrived, the creditor would say to him: "Either pay it, or increase it." If he did not pay, the creditor would extend the term and increase the debt in exchange for the delay, so the debt would multiply in the debtor's liability. The second: what occurs in the sale of two items that share the same operative cause for Riba al-Fadl, with a delay in taking possession of both or one of them, such as selling gold for gold or for silver, or silver for gold, deferred or without immediate exchange in the place of the contract. As for Riba al-Fadl: it is derived from *fadl*, which means an increase in one of the two counter-exchanges. The texts have come with its prohibition in six things, which are: gold, silver, wheat, barley, dates, and salt. If one of these things is sold for its own kind, it is forbidden to make one more than the other, and what shares the operative cause with these six things is measured by them. For example, it is not permissible to sell a kilogram of low-grade gold for half a kilogram of high-grade gold, nor silver for silver, wheat for wheat, barley for barley, dates for dates, or salt for salt,
it is not permissible to sell any of them for its own kind except equal for equal, exactly the same, hand to hand. However, it is permissible to sell a kilogram of gold for two kilograms of silver if it is hand to hand, due to the difference in kind. And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
Gold is to be paid for by gold, silver by silver, wheat by wheat, barley by barley, dates by dates, and salt by salt, like for like and equal for equal, payment being made hand to hand. If these classes differ, then sell as you wish if payment is made hand to hand.
الذهب بالذهب، والفضة بالفضة، والبر بالبر، والشعير بالشعير، والتمر بالتمر، والملح بالملح، مثلاً بمثل، سواء بسواء، يدًا بيد، فإذا اختلفت هذه الأصناف فبيعوا كيف شئتم؛ إذا كان يدًا بيد
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.