The Limit of Orphanhood
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The first question of Fatwa No. ( 4992 )
Q1: What is the ruling regarding the age of an orphan in the Shari'ah, that is: up to what age is an orphan considered an orphan?
A1: He is considered an orphan until he reaches puberty, and there are signs by which the attainment of puberty is known, among which are: the emission of semen from him in sleep or while awake with desire, and the growth of coarse pubic hair, whether male or female, and the menstruation of the female. If none of the signs of puberty appear in him, he is considered an adult at the end of his fifteenth year of age, according to the correct of the scholars' opinions; for what is established from Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), that he . The meaning is: that he and others of the young ones were presented, to see who among them had reached puberty, so that he would be permitted to fight, and whoever had not reached puberty would not be permitted to fight.
Those of young age, so that it becomes clear who among them has reached maturity; he would permit them to fight, and he would not permit those who had not reached maturity to fight. When Ibn 'Umar was sent back at the age of fourteen and permitted to fight at the age of fifteen, that indicates that the age of maturity is fifteen years. And success is from Allah, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
Q1: What is the ruling regarding the age of an orphan in the Shari'ah, that is: up to what age is an orphan considered an orphan?
A1: He is considered an orphan until he reaches puberty, and there are signs by which the attainment of puberty is known, among which are: the emission of semen from him in sleep or while awake with desire, and the growth of coarse pubic hair, whether male or female, and the menstruation of the female. If none of the signs of puberty appear in him, he is considered an adult at the end of his fifteenth year of age, according to the correct of the scholars' opinions; for what is established from Ibn 'Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both), that he
He was presented to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) on the day of Uhud while he was fourteen years old, so he did not permit him, and he was presented on the day of the Trench while he was fifteen years old, so he permitted him
عرض على النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم يوم أحد وهو ابن أربع عشرة سنة، فلم يجزه، وعرض يوم الخندق وهو ابن خمس عشرة سنة فأجازهThose of young age, so that it becomes clear who among them has reached maturity; he would permit them to fight, and he would not permit those who had not reached maturity to fight. When Ibn 'Umar was sent back at the age of fourteen and permitted to fight at the age of fifteen, that indicates that the age of maturity is fifteen years. And success is from Allah, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.