The Meaning of the Martyr
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The second question of Fatwa No. ( 6564 )
Q2: Who are the martyrs, and how many are they in the hadith? Is the one who suffers from epilepsy among them? As in the hadith of the woman who asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to pray for her healing from epilepsy, and that she would be exposed when she had a fit. Is this general for the Ummah of Muhammad, or is it specific to that woman?
A2: The true martyr is the one who dies in a battle in the cause of Allah, or is wounded in it and dies from his wound. Others may also be called martyrs; as narrated by al-Bukhari from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:Sahih al-Bukhari 2829 ,
And al-Bukhari titled the chapter on martyrs with: (Chapter: The Martyrdoms are Seven Other Than Killing), and this number in the title comes from a hadith narrated by Malik from the report of Jabir ibn 'Atik , that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to visit 'Abdullah ibn Thabit, and he mentioned the hadith, in which it says:Musannaf Abd al-Razzaq 13:288 ..., and in it: Muwatta Malik 16:37 , so he mentioned - in addition to what is in the previous hadith of Abu Hurayrah -: The compilers of the Sunan narrated, and al-Tirmidhi graded it authentic, from the hadith of Sa'id ibn Zayd , traced to the Prophet: Jami` at-Tirmidhi 1421Sahih (Darussalam) , and al-Nasa'i narrated from the hadith of Suwayd ibn Muqran
traced to the Prophet:Sunan an-Nasa'i 4093Sahih (Darussalam) , and in summary, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) did not intend to limit the list. Ibn Hajar said in Fath al-Bari: We have gathered from the sound routes more than twenty characteristics. As for the hadith of the woman who had epileptic fits, nothing has been reported indicating that the ruling is specific to her; rather, it is hoped that it extends to those like her who are afflicted with epilepsy and are patient and seek reward until they die in that state. As for counting her among the martyrs, we do not know of anything reported indicating that. And success is from Allah, and may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
Q2: Who are the martyrs, and how many are they in the hadith? Is the one who suffers from epilepsy among them? As in the hadith of the woman who asked the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) to pray for her healing from epilepsy, and that she would be exposed when she had a fit. Is this general for the Ummah of Muhammad, or is it specific to that woman?
A2: The true martyr is the one who dies in a battle in the cause of Allah, or is wounded in it and dies from his wound. Others may also be called martyrs; as narrated by al-Bukhari from Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him), that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
Five are regarded as martyrs: They are those who die because of plague, Abdominal disease, drowning or a falling building etc., and the martyrs in Allah's Cause.
الشهداء خمسة: المطعون والمبطون والغرق وصاحب الهدم والشهيد في سبيل اللهAnd al-Bukhari titled the chapter on martyrs with: (Chapter: The Martyrdoms are Seven Other Than Killing), and this number in the title comes from a hadith narrated by Malik from the report of Jabir ibn 'Atik , that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to visit 'Abdullah ibn Thabit, and he mentioned the hadith, in which it says:
... What do you consider a martyr among you? They said: The one who is killed in the cause of Allah
.. ما تعدون الشهيد فيكم؟ قالوا: من يقتل في سبيل اللهThere are seven kinds of martyr other than those killed in the way of Allah
الشهداء سبعة سوى القتل في سبيل اللهThe one who dies under a collapse, the one who dies of pleurisy, and the woman who dies in childbirth
الحريق وصاحب ذات الجنب والمرأة تموت بجمعWhoever is killed over his wealth then he is a martyr, and whoever is killed over his religion, then he is a martyr, and whoever is killed over his blood, then he is martyr, and whoever is killed over his family, then he is martyr.
من قتل دون ماله فهو شهيد، ومن قتل دون دينه فهو شهيد، ومن قتل دون دمه فهو شهيد، ومن قتل دون أهله فهو شهيدtraced to the Prophet:
Whoever is killed defending his wealth and is killed unjustly, he is a martyr.
من قتل دون مظلمته فهو شهيد
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.