The Surah of Repentance was revealed with the sword
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The second question of Fatwa No. ( 4009 ):
Q2: Why did the Surah of Repentance not begin with: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful?
A2: Scholars differed on the reason for this. Al-Nasa'i narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: I said to Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him):Musnad Ahmad 399Da'if (Darussalam) . And Abu Isa al-Tirmidhi reported it, saying: This is a good hadith. And Abdullah ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: I asked Ali ibn Abi Talib (may Allah be pleased with him): Why was "In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful" not written in al-Bara'ah? He said: "Because 'In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful' is a sign of safety, and al-Bara'ah was revealed with the sword, and there is no safety in it." The meaning of this was also narrated from al-Mubarrad , who said: And for this reason they were not combined, for "In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful" is mercy, and al-Bara'ah was revealed with anger. Similarly, it was narrated from Sufyan , and Sufyan ibn Uyaynah said: The reason "In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful" was not written at the beginning of this Surah is that the Basmalah is mercy, and mercy is a sign of safety, and this Surah was revealed regarding the hypocrites and with the sword, and there is no safety for the hypocrites.
The correct view is that the Basmalah was not written because Jibril (peace be upon him) did not reveal it in this Surah, as stated by al-Qushayri . This is the end of the excerpt from [Tafsir al-Qurtubi ] on the first Surah (al-Bara'ah), with some modification. Refer to it and to [Tafsir Ibn Kathir ] on the Surah of al-Bara'ah if you wish to expand on the topic. And success is from Allah. And may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
Q2: Why did the Surah of Repentance not begin with: In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful?
A2: Scholars differed on the reason for this. Al-Nasa'i narrated from Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he said: I said to Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him):
I said to ‘Uthman bin `Affan: What made you take al-Anfal, which is one of al-Mathani (the seven long soorahs), and Bara`ah, which is one of al-Mi`een (soorahs with one hundred verses or thereabouts), and put them next to one another and not write - Ibn Ja`far said: A line between them saying Bismillahir-Rahmanir-Raheem - and you put them with the seven long ones? What made you do that? `Uthman (رضي الله عنه)said: Sometimes many soorahs would be revealed (incomplete) to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) , and when something was revealed he would call one of the scribes to write it down for him and say: “Put this in the Soorah in which such and such is mentioned`; and verses would be revealed to him and he would say, `Put these verses in the soorah in which such and such is mentioned”; and a verse would be revealed to him and he would say: `Put this verse in the soorah in which such and such is mentioned.” Al-Anfal was one of the first soorahs to be revealed in Madinah and Bara`ah was one of the last soorahs of the Qur`an, and the stories and content of the two soorahs were similar. Then the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) passed away without having stated clearly to us that it was part of it, but we thought that it was, hence I put them together and I did not put between them the line Bismillahir-Rahmanir-Raheem.
ما حملكم إلى أن عمدتم إلى (الأنفال) وهي من المثاني، وإلى (براءة) وهي من المئين فقرنتم بينهما، ولم تكتبوا سطرًا: (بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم)، ووضعتموها في السبع الطوال ما حملكم على ذلك؟ قال عثمان رضي الله عنه: إن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كان إذا نزل عليه الشيء يدعو بعض من يكتب عنده يقول: ضعوا هذا في السورة التي يذكر فيها كذا وكذا، وينزل عليه الآيات، فيقول: ضعوا هذه الآيات في السورة التي يذكر فيها كذا وكذا، وكانت (الأنفال) من أوائل ما أنزل بالمدينة، و (براءة) من آخر القرآن فكانت قصتها شبيهةً بقصتها، فقُبض رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ولم يبين لنا أنها منها، وظننت أنها منها، فمن ثم قَرَنْتُ بينهما، ولم أكتب بينهما سطرًا: بسم الله الرحمن الرحيمThe correct view is that the Basmalah was not written because Jibril (peace be upon him) did not reveal it in this Surah, as stated by al-Qushayri . This is the end of the excerpt from [Tafsir al-Qurtubi ] on the first Surah (al-Bara'ah), with some modification. Refer to it and to [Tafsir Ibn Kathir ] on the Surah of al-Bara'ah if you wish to expand on the topic. And success is from Allah. And may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.