The Occasions of Revelation for Surat al-Tawbah
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Q4: To whom did Allah reveal Surat al-Tawbah, and what were the occasions of its revelation?
A4: Surat al-Bara'ah was not revealed as a single unit, but rather in parts over a period of time for several reasons. Its beginning was revealed when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) returned from the expedition of Tabuk and intended to perform Hajj. He was informed that the polytheists would be attending their annual pilgrimage as was their custom, and that they would be circumambulating the House naked. He disliked mixing with them, so he sent Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) as the leader of the Hajj that year to establish the rites for the people and to inform the polytheists that they should not perform Hajj after this year. He was to call out to them:[At-Tawbah 9:1] When he set out for Makkah , the Prophet followed him with 'Ali ibn Abi Talib to be the one to convey the message on behalf of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), as 'Ali was a close relative of the Prophet. And success is from Allah. And may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
A4: Surat al-Bara'ah was not revealed as a single unit, but rather in parts over a period of time for several reasons. Its beginning was revealed when the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) returned from the expedition of Tabuk and intended to perform Hajj. He was informed that the polytheists would be attending their annual pilgrimage as was their custom, and that they would be circumambulating the House naked. He disliked mixing with them, so he sent Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) as the leader of the Hajj that year to establish the rites for the people and to inform the polytheists that they should not perform Hajj after this year. He was to call out to them:
[This is a declaration of] disassociation, from Allah and His Messenger
بَرَاءَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.