What the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was like in terms of poverty and wealth
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Questions two, three, and four of Fatwa No. ( 9184 ):
Q2: There is a hadith, and I believe it is authentic, in which it is narrated that , meaning: throw it away, or what is its meaning? And a second hadith that he , and I believe this hadith is also authentic. And there is a third hadith: Sahih al-Bukhari 2916 Q3, 4: I believe it is also authentic, and Allah knows best. But the question is: Does this contradict the verses of Surat al-Duha, where Allah the Exalted said:
[Ad-Duhaa 93:5], and he said: [Ad-Duhaa 93:8]? Is this part of the asceticism of him and his Companions (peace and blessings be upon him, and may Allah be pleased with them)? Or was this in the early days of Islam, and when Allah the Exalted opened up wealth to His Messenger, he became wealthy? What comes to mind is a hadith that if one of the Companions died during his time and had a debt, he would not pray over him and would say: . Then, when Allah the Exalted opened up wealth to His Prophet, he said: . Is this correct? Or was the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) among the most ascetic of people, he and his Companions (may Allah be pleased with them all)? And another hadith comes to mind: . Is this correct? Is all of this part of asceticism and turning away from this world and turning toward the Hereafter? Or was this in the early days of Islam, and when wealth increased and the Muslims became wealthy by the grace of Allah the Exalted, the matter became as we have explained, and is
these hadiths, if they are authentic, contradict Surat al-Duha? This is what I do not believe. Give us the correct answer, may the Master reward you, Exalted and Majestic is He.
A2, 3, 4: There is no contradiction between what you mentioned for two reasons: The first: that he was poor, so Allah made him wealthy, as is the text of the two verses of al-Duha. The second: that despite the abundance of what Allah gave him and his satisfaction with the material and other good things He gave him, his responsibilities toward his Ummah and its public and private interests were greater, and his giving and spending in that was more than his income. So he gave the gift of one who does not fear poverty, as a Bedouin described him to his people in his praise of him. Among that was his paying off the debt of one who died with a debt, and his taking responsibility for those whose provider died by assuming all their affairs, including care and expenses. It is established from him (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said:Sahih al-Bukhari 2298 narrated by Ahmad and al-Bukhari and Muslim, and he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Sunan al-Bayhaqi 9:705 narrated by al-Bukhari, So the smallness of his wealth was not a sign of poverty, but of generosity and nobility. And success is from Allah. And may Allah send prayers and blessings upon our Prophet Muhammad, his family, and his Companions.
Q2: There is a hadith, and I believe it is authentic, in which it is narrated that
That the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saw al-Hasan ibn 'Ali, who was a small boy, picking up a date from the dates of charity on the ground, so he said to him: "Kha, kha"
أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم رأى الحسن بن علي وهو صبي صغير يلتقط تمرة من تمر الصدقة في الأرض، فقال له: كخ كخThe Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) went out at midday, then he came to Abu Bakr and said: "What brought you out, O Abu Bakr?" He said: "Nothing brought me out except hunger." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "And I too, nothing brought me out except that." Then he came to ('Umar) and said to him what he said to Abu Bakr, and he answered him with the same answer as the first. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and his two companions, Abu Bakr and 'Umar, went to the house of one of the Ansar and knocked on his door. Then the Ansari man hosted them, slaughtered a sheep for them, and served them food. Then he went to his orchard and picked dates for them from it and brought them to them. When they had eaten and were full, he (peace be upon him) said: "By Allah, you will be asked about the comforts on that Day"
خرج النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وقت الظهيرة، ثم جاء أبا بكر فقال: ما أخرجك يا أبا بكر؟ فقال: ما أخرجني إلاَّ الجوع، فقال له النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم: وأنا أيضًا ما أخرجني إلاَّ ذلك، ثم جاء (عمر) فقال له مثل الذي قال لأبي بكر، وأجابه مثل جوابه الأول، فانطلق رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وصاحباه أبو بكر وعمر إلى بيت أحد الأنصار فطرقا بابه، ثم ضيفهم الأنصاري وذبح لهم شاة وقدم لهم طعامًا، ثم انطلق إلى بستانه فقطف لهم التمر منه وجاءهم به، فلما أكلوا وشبعوا قال عليه السلام: والله لتسألن يومئذ عن النعيمAllah's Messenger (ﷺ) died while his (iron) armor was mortgaged to a Jew
توفي رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ودرعه مرهونة عند يهودي على صاع من بر؟And your Lord is going to give you, and you will be satisfied.
وَلَسَوْفَ يُعْطِيكَ رَبُّكَ فَتَرْضَىAnd He found you poor and made [you] self-sufficient.
وَوَجَدَكَ عَائِلا فَأَغْنَىPray over your companion
صلوا على صاحبكمI am more worthy of the believers than themselves, so whoever leaves a debt or (family) family, it is for me and upon me
أنا أولى بالمؤمنين من أنفسهم، فمن ترك دينًا أو (عيلة) عائلة فإلي وعلي'Umar ibn al-Khattab saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and the mat had left marks on his side (the noble one), so 'Umar wept. He said to him: "What makes you weep, O son of al-Khattab?" He said: "I see nothing but what I see in the treasury of the Muslims, and I see Kisra and Caesar, and they are in a state of associating partners with Allah, enjoying thick carpets, while you are the Messenger of Allah and His choice from His creation, and you are like this." The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: "Are you not pleased that they have this world and we have the Hereafter?"
رأى عمر بن الخطاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وقد أثر الحصير في جنبه (الشريف) فبكى عمر، فقال له: ما يبكيك يا ابن الخطاب؟ قال: إني لا أرى إلاَّ ما أرى في بيت مال المسلمين، وأرى كسرى وقيصر وهما ما هما عليه من الشرك متنعمان بالفرش الوثيرة، وأنت رسول الله وصفوته من خلقه هكذا، فقال له رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: أما ترضى أن تكون لهم الدنيا ولنا الآخرةthese hadiths, if they are authentic, contradict Surat al-Duha? This is what I do not believe. Give us the correct answer, may the Master reward you, Exalted and Majestic is He.
A2, 3, 4: There is no contradiction between what you mentioned for two reasons: The first: that he was poor, so Allah made him wealthy, as is the text of the two verses of al-Duha. The second: that despite the abundance of what Allah gave him and his satisfaction with the material and other good things He gave him, his responsibilities toward his Ummah and its public and private interests were greater, and his giving and spending in that was more than his income. So he gave the gift of one who does not fear poverty, as a Bedouin described him to his people in his praise of him. Among that was his paying off the debt of one who died with a debt, and his taking responsibility for those whose provider died by assuming all their affairs, including care and expenses. It is established from him (peace and blessings be upon him) that he said:
I am more rightful than other believers to be the guardian of the believers, so if a Muslim dies while in debt, I am responsible for the repayment of his debt, and whoever leaves wealth (after his death) it will belong to his heirs.
أنا أولى بالمؤمنين من أنفسهم، فمن توفي من المؤمنين فترك دينًا فعلي قضاؤه، ومن ترك مالاً فهو لورثتهWhichever believer leaves wealth, let his 'asabah (residuary male heirs) inherit it, whoever they are, and if he leaves a debt or loss, let him come to me, for I am his guardian
أيما مؤمن ترك مالاً فليرثه عصبته من كانوا، وإن ترك دينًا أو ضياعًا فليأتني فأنا مولاه
Source
www.alifta.gov.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.