Exegesis of the saying of Allah the Exalted: (Al-Rahman taught the Qur'an)
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Exegesis of His saying, the Exalted: (Al-Rahman taught the Qur'an)
Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: [Al-Rahman: 1-4] (Al-Rahman) is the subject, and the clause (taught the Qur'an) is the predicate, (created man) is the second predicate, (taught him eloquence) is the third predicate,Meaning: meaning that this Great Lord, who named Himself Al-Rahman, bestowed these blessings upon His servants. Al-Rahman is the One of vast mercy that encompassed everything, as Allah the Exalted said: [Al-A'raf: 156] And He began this surah with (Al-Rahman) as a title indicating that everything following it is from the mercy of Allah the Exalted and His blessings. (Taught the Qur'an) Taught whom? Taught Jibril? Taught Muhammad? Taught man?
He taught whomever He willed of His servants. So He first taught Jibril, then Jibril brought it down upon the heart of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) second, then Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) conveyed it third to all people. And the Qur'an is this noble book that Allah the Exalted revealed in the Arabic language,As Allah the Exalted said: [Al-Zukhruf: 3] ,And Allah the Exalted said: [Al-Shu'ara: 193-195] Teaching the Qur'an includes teaching its wording, teaching its meaning, and teaching how to act upon it? So it encompasses three things. (Created man) The intended meaning is the species, which includes Adam and his descendants,Meaning: He brought him into existence from non-existence, for man was non-existent before his existence, before his creation,Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: [Al-Insan: 1] meaning: a time came upon him in the course of time before he was created, when he was not a thing mentioned, and no one knew of him. And Allah the Exalted began with teaching the Qur'an before creating man, as an indication that the blessing of Allah upon us in teaching the Qur'an is more severe and more eloquent than His blessing in creating man. Otherwise, it is known that the creation of man preceded the teaching of the Qur'an. But because teaching the Qur'an is a greater favor from Allah the Mighty and Majestic upon the servant, He placed it before his creation.
(Taught him eloquence) Taught whom? Taught man. (Eloquence) meaning: that by which he clarifies what is in his heart. And He taught him eloquence also that by which he becomes clear to the one addressed,Here are two types of eloquence: The first eloquence is from the speaker, and the second eloquence is from the one addressed,Eloquence from the speaker means: Expressing what is in his heart, it is done by the tongue through speech, and by the fingers through writing. When there is something in your heart that you want to inform about, sometimes you inform by speech, and sometimes by writing,Both are included in His saying: (Taught him eloquence) also taught him eloquence how to make things clear, and that is with respect to the one addressed, that man knows and understands what his companion says. And if Allah the Exalted had willed, He could have made the one addressed hear the sound without understanding the meaning.
So eloquence, whether from the speaker or from the one addressed, both are a favor from Allah the Mighty and Majestic. How many blessings is this? (Taught the Qur'an) (Created man) (Taught him eloquence) Three.
Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says:
(2) Taught the Qur'an, (3) Created man, (4) [And] taught him eloquence.
الرَّحْمَنُ * عَلَّمَ الْقُرْآنَ * خَلَقَ الْإِنْسَانَ * عَلَّمَهُ الْبَيَانَbut My mercy encompasses all things
وَرَحْمَتِي وَسِعَتْ كُلَّ شَيْءٍHe taught whomever He willed of His servants. So He first taught Jibril, then Jibril brought it down upon the heart of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) second, then Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) conveyed it third to all people. And the Qur'an is this noble book that Allah the Exalted revealed in the Arabic language,As Allah the Exalted said:
Indeed, We have made it an Arabic Qur'an that you might understand.
إِنَّا جَعَلْنَاهُ قُرْآناً عَرَبِيّاً لَعَلَّكُمْ تَعْقِلُونَ(193) The Trustworthy Spirit has brought it down (194) Upon your heart, [O Muhammad] - that you may be of the warners - (195) In a clear Arabic language.
نَزَلَ بِهِ الرُّوحُ الْأَمِينُ * عَلَى قَلْبِكَ لِتَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُنْذِرِينَ * بِلِسَانٍ عَرَبِيٍّ مُبِينٍHas there [not] come upon man a period of time when he was not a thing [even] mentioned?
هَلْ أَتَى عَلَى الْأِنْسَانِ حِينٌ مِنَ الدَّهْرِ لَمْ يَكُنْ شَيْئاً مَذْكُوراً(Taught him eloquence) Taught whom? Taught man. (Eloquence) meaning: that by which he clarifies what is in his heart. And He taught him eloquence also that by which he becomes clear to the one addressed,Here are two types of eloquence: The first eloquence is from the speaker, and the second eloquence is from the one addressed,Eloquence from the speaker means: Expressing what is in his heart, it is done by the tongue through speech, and by the fingers through writing. When there is something in your heart that you want to inform about, sometimes you inform by speech, and sometimes by writing,Both are included in His saying: (Taught him eloquence) also taught him eloquence how to make things clear, and that is with respect to the one addressed, that man knows and understands what his companion says. And if Allah the Exalted had willed, He could have made the one addressed hear the sound without understanding the meaning.
So eloquence, whether from the speaker or from the one addressed, both are a favor from Allah the Mighty and Majestic. How many blessings is this? (Taught the Qur'an) (Created man) (Taught him eloquence) Three.