The Ruling on Reciting al-Fatihah in Prayer
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Is it obligatory for the ma'mum (one praying behind the imam) to recite al-Fatihah, whether in the quiet prayer or the loud prayer? And if the imam bows before he recites it, what is the ruling? Does the imam sin if he bows before the ma'mum has recited al-Fatihah? Please inform us, may Allah guide you!
This issue is a matter of scholarly disagreement: First: Is al-Fatihah obligatory or not obligatory?Some of the scholars said: Al-Fatihah is not obligatory for any worshipper, based on the saying of Allah the Exalted: [Al-Muzzammil: 20] and the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) to the man: (Recite whatever of the Qur'an is easy for you) But this is an incorrect position,Because His saying: (whatever of the Qur'an is easy) was explained by the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family): (There is no prayer for one who does not recite al-Fatihah of the Book) .
Second: Some scholars say: Al-Fatihah is not obligatory for the ma'mum absolutely, neither in the quiet prayer nor in the loud prayer.
And this is also weak because of the hadith: (There is no prayer for one who does not recite al-Fatihah of the Book) is general.
And some of the scholars say: It is obligatory for the ma'mum in the quiet prayer, but not in the loud prayer, because the imam recites for him and for those behind him, and the evidence that he recites for him and those behind him is that they say "Ameen" in response to his recitation, so the recitation is for everyone.
And some of the scholars say: It is obligatory for every worshipper, the imam, the ma'mum, and the one praying alone, in the quiet prayer and the loud prayer, and this is the closest of the opinions to the truth; because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away from the Fajr prayer one day and asked the Companions: (Did you recite behind your imam?They said: Yes,He said: Do not do so except with the Mother of the Book, for there is no prayer for one who does not recite it) And this is a text regarding a loud prayer, supported by the generality,Except that one issue is excluded from this: The masbuq (one who joins the prayer late), if he catches the imam in bowing, he says the takbir of intention and bows, and al-Fatihah is dropped from him,And the evidence for that is: The hadith of Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) when he entered and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) was praying with the people and was in bowing, so Abu Bakrah hurried, said the takbir, and entered the row, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said to him: (May Allah increase you in eagerness, and do not do it again) and he did not order him to repeat the rak'ah, nor to repeat the prayer.
From the perspective of consideration, we say: This man did not catch the standing, which is the place of recitation, and if the place is dropped, the condition is dropped,By the evidence: If a person's hand is cut off from the elbow, the washing of the upper arm is dropped from him, because the place of purification has disappeared.
So what is stronger in my opinion is the view that it is obligatory to recite al-Fatihah for every worshipper without distinction, except for the masbuq who comes and the imam is in bowing, then it is dropped from him.
Likewise, if he comes and the imam has not bowed, but he is unable to recite al-Fatihah, let him bow and he owes nothing.
This issue is a matter of scholarly disagreement: First: Is al-Fatihah obligatory or not obligatory?Some of the scholars said: Al-Fatihah is not obligatory for any worshipper, based on the saying of Allah the Exalted:
so recite what is easy [for you] of the Qur'an
فَاقْرَأُوا مَا تَيَسَّرَ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِSecond: Some scholars say: Al-Fatihah is not obligatory for the ma'mum absolutely, neither in the quiet prayer nor in the loud prayer.
And this is also weak because of the hadith: (There is no prayer for one who does not recite al-Fatihah of the Book) is general.
And some of the scholars say: It is obligatory for the ma'mum in the quiet prayer, but not in the loud prayer, because the imam recites for him and for those behind him, and the evidence that he recites for him and those behind him is that they say "Ameen" in response to his recitation, so the recitation is for everyone.
And some of the scholars say: It is obligatory for every worshipper, the imam, the ma'mum, and the one praying alone, in the quiet prayer and the loud prayer, and this is the closest of the opinions to the truth; because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away from the Fajr prayer one day and asked the Companions: (Did you recite behind your imam?They said: Yes,He said: Do not do so except with the Mother of the Book, for there is no prayer for one who does not recite it) And this is a text regarding a loud prayer, supported by the generality,Except that one issue is excluded from this: The masbuq (one who joins the prayer late), if he catches the imam in bowing, he says the takbir of intention and bows, and al-Fatihah is dropped from him,And the evidence for that is: The hadith of Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) when he entered and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) was praying with the people and was in bowing, so Abu Bakrah hurried, said the takbir, and entered the row, and the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him and his family) said to him: (May Allah increase you in eagerness, and do not do it again) and he did not order him to repeat the rak'ah, nor to repeat the prayer.
From the perspective of consideration, we say: This man did not catch the standing, which is the place of recitation, and if the place is dropped, the condition is dropped,By the evidence: If a person's hand is cut off from the elbow, the washing of the upper arm is dropped from him, because the place of purification has disappeared.
So what is stronger in my opinion is the view that it is obligatory to recite al-Fatihah for every worshipper without distinction, except for the masbuq who comes and the imam is in bowing, then it is dropped from him.
Likewise, if he comes and the imam has not bowed, but he is unable to recite al-Fatihah, let him bow and he owes nothing.