Reciting al-Fatihah in the Prayer
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If the imam does not give the ma'mum the opportunity to recite al-Fatihah in the loud prayer, how does the ma'mum recite al-Fatihah?
Reciting al-Fatihah is obligatory in every prayer, and it is obligatory in every rak'ah for the imam, the one praying alone, and the ma'mum, except that there is one exception for the ma'mum,and she: which is if he arrives while the imam is bowing, in which case al-Fatihah is dropped from him in this case. Likewise, if he arrives while the imam is standing and has said the takbir for entering prayer and begun al-Fatihah, and then the imam bows and he fears that if he completes it, the imam will raise his head from the bowing, then at that time what he did not catch of al-Fatihah is dropped from him, and he is considered to have caught the rak'ah. The evidence for this is the hadith of Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he caught up to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) while he was bowing, so he hurried and bowed before entering the row, and when the prayer was finished, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: (May Allah increase you in eagerness, and do not do it again) and he considered him to have caught the rak'ah.
So if the prayer is quiet, there is no issue with the ma'mum reciting al-Fatihah. And if it is loud, the ma'mum recites al-Fatihah in the imam's pauses. If the imam does not have pauses—Meaning: he continues reciting—then he recites even if the imam is reciting, for what the people of the Sunan narrated from the hadith of 'Ubadah ibn al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) (that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away one day from the Fajr prayer and the Companions were reciting behind him, so he said: Why am I being contested in the Qur'an?) meaning: being competed with in the Qur'an, where the one behind him is reciting,Then he said to them: (Do not recite behind the imam except with Umm al-Qur'an, for there is no prayer for one who does not recite it) .
Reciting al-Fatihah is obligatory in every prayer, and it is obligatory in every rak'ah for the imam, the one praying alone, and the ma'mum, except that there is one exception for the ma'mum,and she: which is if he arrives while the imam is bowing, in which case al-Fatihah is dropped from him in this case. Likewise, if he arrives while the imam is standing and has said the takbir for entering prayer and begun al-Fatihah, and then the imam bows and he fears that if he completes it, the imam will raise his head from the bowing, then at that time what he did not catch of al-Fatihah is dropped from him, and he is considered to have caught the rak'ah. The evidence for this is the hadith of Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) that he caught up to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) while he was bowing, so he hurried and bowed before entering the row, and when the prayer was finished, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him: (May Allah increase you in eagerness, and do not do it again) and he considered him to have caught the rak'ah.
So if the prayer is quiet, there is no issue with the ma'mum reciting al-Fatihah. And if it is loud, the ma'mum recites al-Fatihah in the imam's pauses. If the imam does not have pauses—Meaning: he continues reciting—then he recites even if the imam is reciting, for what the people of the Sunan narrated from the hadith of 'Ubadah ibn al-Samit (may Allah be pleased with him) (that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned away one day from the Fajr prayer and the Companions were reciting behind him, so he said: Why am I being contested in the Qur'an?) meaning: being competed with in the Qur'an, where the one behind him is reciting,Then he said to them: (Do not recite behind the imam except with Umm al-Qur'an, for there is no prayer for one who does not recite it) .