Not opening the second rak'ah, and there is disagreement regarding the seeking of refuge, and a discussion on the manner of the tashahhud and what is said in it.
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The Shaykh : All right, in the second rak'ah, one does what he does in the first rak'ah, except for one thing, which is the opening supplication, for he does not recite the opening supplication.
As for the seeking of refuge, there is disagreement among the scholars; some hold that one seeks refuge in every rak'ah, while others hold that one does not seek refuge except in the first rak'ah.
So when he prays the second rak'ah, he sits for the tashahhud.
And how does he sit?
He sits for the tashahhud in the same manner as he sits between the two prostrations, in the position of the feet and in the position of the hands.
And he recites the tashahhud.
And the tashahhud has been reported in multiple forms, and our statement regarding it is like our statement regarding the opening supplication, meaning that a person should recite the tashahhud of Ibn 'Abbas once, the tashahhud of Ibn Mas'ud once, and what was reported from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) other than these two forms once, saying:Sunan an-Nasa'i 1171Sahih (Darussalam).
If it is a two-rak'ah prayer, he completes the tashahhud.
And if it is a three-rak'ah or four-rak'ah prayer, he stands up after the first tashahhud and prays the rest of the prayer.
The prayer after this tashahhud is with al-Fatihah only; he does not recite another surah with it, and if he does so occasionally, there is no harm, as it was reported in the apparent wording of the hadith of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him).
Then he sits for the second tashahhud if it is a three-rak'ah or four-rak'ah prayer.
And this tashahhud differs from the first tashahhud in the manner of sitting, for he sits in the tawruk position.
And the tawruk has three forms:
The first form is that he erects his right foot and brings out his left foot from under the shin, and sits on his buttocks on the ground.
And the second form is that he spreads both his feet and brings them out from the right side, with the left foot under the right shin.
And the third form is that he spreads his right foot and places his left foot between the thigh and the shin.
So these are three forms of tawruk; he should do this at times and do that at other times.
All right, all of this has been reported in the Sunnah that the tawruk is done in this way and in that way.
Then he recites the final tashahhud, completing or adding to the first tashahhud:Sahih al-Bukhari 3370.
And he says:Sunan Ibn Majah 909Sahih (Darussalam).
And he supplicates with whatever good of this world and the Hereafter he wishes.
And seeking refuge with Allah from these four things in the final tashahhud is something the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded, as that is established in Sahih Muslim.
And some scholars have held that seeking refuge from these four things in the final tashahhud is obligatory, saying: because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded it.
And many people today do not care about it; you find that when he prays upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he says the taslim, even though the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded that we seek refuge with Allah from these four things. And some of the Salaf, and he was Tawus (may Allah have mercy on him) from the Tabi'un, would order one who did not seek refuge with Allah from these four things to repeat the prayer, as he ordered his son to do so. So what you should do is not leave off seeking refuge with Allah from these four things, for in salvation from them lies happiness in this world and the Hereafter.
As for the seeking of refuge, there is disagreement among the scholars; some hold that one seeks refuge in every rak'ah, while others hold that one does not seek refuge except in the first rak'ah.
So when he prays the second rak'ah, he sits for the tashahhud.
And how does he sit?
He sits for the tashahhud in the same manner as he sits between the two prostrations, in the position of the feet and in the position of the hands.
And he recites the tashahhud.
And the tashahhud has been reported in multiple forms, and our statement regarding it is like our statement regarding the opening supplication, meaning that a person should recite the tashahhud of Ibn 'Abbas once, the tashahhud of Ibn Mas'ud once, and what was reported from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) other than these two forms once, saying:
At-tahiyyatu lillahi was-salawatu wat-tayyibat, as-salamu 'alaika ayyuhan-Nabiyyu wa rahmatAllahi wa baraktuhu. As-salamu 'alaina wa 'ala 'ibad illahis-salihin, ashahdu an la illaha ill-Allah wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan 'abduhu wa rasuluhu
التحيات لله والصلوات والطيبات، السلام عليك أيها النبي ورحمة الله وبركاته، السلام علينا وعلى عباد الله الصالحين، أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله، وأشهد أن محمداً عبده ورسولهIf it is a two-rak'ah prayer, he completes the tashahhud.
And if it is a three-rak'ah or four-rak'ah prayer, he stands up after the first tashahhud and prays the rest of the prayer.
The prayer after this tashahhud is with al-Fatihah only; he does not recite another surah with it, and if he does so occasionally, there is no harm, as it was reported in the apparent wording of the hadith of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah be pleased with him).
Then he sits for the second tashahhud if it is a three-rak'ah or four-rak'ah prayer.
And this tashahhud differs from the first tashahhud in the manner of sitting, for he sits in the tawruk position.
And the tawruk has three forms:
The first form is that he erects his right foot and brings out his left foot from under the shin, and sits on his buttocks on the ground.
And the second form is that he spreads both his feet and brings them out from the right side, with the left foot under the right shin.
And the third form is that he spreads his right foot and places his left foot between the thigh and the shin.
So these are three forms of tawruk; he should do this at times and do that at other times.
All right, all of this has been reported in the Sunnah that the tawruk is done in this way and in that way.
Then he recites the final tashahhud, completing or adding to the first tashahhud:
Say: O Allah! Send Your Mercy on Muhammad and on the family of Muhammad, as You sent Your Mercy on Abraham and on the family of Abraham, for You are the Most Praise-worthy, the Most Glorious. O Allah! Send Your Blessings on Muhammad and the family of Muhammad, as You sent your Blessings on Abraham and on the family of Abraham, for You are the Most Praise-worthy, the Most Glorious.
اللهم صل على محمد، وعلى آل محمد ، كما صليت على إبراهيم، وعلى آل إبراهيم، إنك حميد مجيد، اللهم بارك على محمد، وعلى آل محمد ، كما باركت على إبراهيم ، إنك حميد مجيدAnd he says:
let him seek refuge with Allah from four things: From the torment of Hell, from the torment of the grave, from the trials of life and death, and from the Fitnah (tribulation) of Masihud-Dajjal.
أعوذ بالله من عذاب جهنم ومن عذاب القبر ومن فتنة المحيا والممات ومن فتنة المسيح الدجالAnd he supplicates with whatever good of this world and the Hereafter he wishes.
And seeking refuge with Allah from these four things in the final tashahhud is something the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded, as that is established in Sahih Muslim.
And some scholars have held that seeking refuge from these four things in the final tashahhud is obligatory, saying: because the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded it.
And many people today do not care about it; you find that when he prays upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), he says the taslim, even though the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded that we seek refuge with Allah from these four things. And some of the Salaf, and he was Tawus (may Allah have mercy on him) from the Tabi'un, would order one who did not seek refuge with Allah from these four things to repeat the prayer, as he ordered his son to do so. So what you should do is not leave off seeking refuge with Allah from these four things, for in salvation from them lies happiness in this world and the Hereafter.