The Prayer upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) after the first Tashahhud in the prayer
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Q: Did it come from the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) to recite the second Tashahhud in the second rak'ah of the four-rak'ah prayer, or is it sufficient to recite the first Tashahhud?
A: The scholars differed regarding the prayer upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) after the first Tashahhud, while they agreed on its being prescribed in the second Tashahhud. When one says, "I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and His Messenger," in the second Tashahhud of the Dhuhr, 'Asr, Maghrib, and 'Isha' prayers, he prays upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded in the authentic hadiths. He was asked (peace and blessings be upon him), "How do we pray upon you?" and in another narration, "In our prayer," so he said (peace and blessings be upon him):Mishkat al-Masabih 919. This narration is the most complete of the narrations, containing the prayer upon Muhammad and his family, and upon Ibrahim and his family, and likewise the blessing. There is no disagreement that this is to be done in the final Tashahhud.
They differed on whether this is obligatory, a pillar, or recommended, with three opinions. In any case, it is prescribed for the one praying, both men and women, to perform this prayer upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the final Tashahhud, and then to supplicate with whatever supplications are easy, such as:Sahih Muslim 588a, Sunan Abi Dawud 1522Sahih (Al-Albani), Sahih al-Bukhari 6326.
This is the prescribed supplication at the end of the prayer, and likewiseSunan Abi Dawud 1509Sahih (Al-Albani). This is part of the hadith of 'Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) from the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) regarding the end of the prayer, which Muslim recorded in his Sahih. Likewise, it is prescribed for the Muslim at the end of the prayer, before he says the taslim, to say: Sunan an-Nasa'i 5445Sahih (Darussalam), which al-Bukhari recorded in his Sahih from the hadith of Sa'd ibn Abi Waqqas (may Allah be pleased with him) .
All of this supplication is prescribed in the final Tashahhud, in the fourth rak'ah of Dhuhr, 'Asr, and 'Isha', in the third rak'ah of Maghrib, and in the second rak'ah of Fajr and Jumu'ah.
As for the first Tashahhud in Dhuhr, 'Asr, Maghrib, and 'Isha', the correct view is that it is prescribed to pray upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in it only, while the supplication is to be done in the final Tashahhud, as mentioned above, and as indicated by the hadith of Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) , which is recorded in the two Sahihs. And success is from Allah.
A: The scholars differed regarding the prayer upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) after the first Tashahhud, while they agreed on its being prescribed in the second Tashahhud. When one says, "I bear witness that there is no god but Allah, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and His Messenger," in the second Tashahhud of the Dhuhr, 'Asr, Maghrib, and 'Isha' prayers, he prays upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded in the authentic hadiths. He was asked (peace and blessings be upon him), "How do we pray upon you?" and in another narration, "In our prayer," so he said (peace and blessings be upon him):
He told us to say, “O God, bless Muhammad and Muhammad’s family as Thou didst bless Abraham and Abraham’s family. Thou art indeed praiseworthy and glorious. O God, grant favours to Muhammad and Muhammad’s family as Thou didst grant favours to Abraham and Abraham’s family. Thou art indeed praiseworthy and glorious.”
قولوا اللهم صل على محمد، وعلى آل محمد، كما صليت على إبراهيم، وعلى آل إبراهيم، إنك حميد مجيد، اللهم بارك على محمد، وعلى آل محمد، كما باركت على إبراهيم، وعلى آل إبراهيم، إنك حميد مجيدThey differed on whether this is obligatory, a pillar, or recommended, with three opinions. In any case, it is prescribed for the one praying, both men and women, to perform this prayer upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in the final Tashahhud, and then to supplicate with whatever supplications are easy, such as:
O Allah! I seek refuge with Thee from the torment of the Hell, from the torment of the grave, from the trial of life and death and from the evil of the trial of Masih al-Dajjal
اللهم إني أعوذ بك من عذاب جهنم، ومن عذاب القبر، ومن فتنة المحيا والممات، ومن فتنة المسيح الدجالO Allah, help me in remembering You, in giving You thanks, and worshipping You well.
اللهم أعني على ذكرك وشكرك وحسن عبادتكAllahumma inni zalamtu nafsi zulman kathiran wala yaghfirudhdhunuba illa anta, Faghfirli maghfiratan min indika war-hamni, innaka antalGhafur-Rahim.
اللهم إني ظلمت نفسي ظلمًا كثيرًا ولا يغفر الذنوب إلا أنت، فاغفر لي مغفرة من عندك وارحمني إنك أنت الغفور الرحيمThis is the prescribed supplication at the end of the prayer, and likewise
"O Allah, forgive me my former and latter sins, what I have kept secret and what I have done openly, and what I have done extravagance; and what You know better than I do. You are the Advancer, the Delayer, there is no god but You."
اللهم اغفر لي ما قدمت وما أخرت، وما أسررت وما أعلنت، وما أسرفت وما أنت أعلم به مني، أنت المقدم وأنت المؤخر لا إله إلا أنتAllahumma inni a'udhu bika minal-bukhli, wa a'udhu bika minal-jubni, wa a'udhu bika an uradda ila ardhalil-'umuri, wa a'udhu bika min fitnatid-dunya, wa a'udhu bika min 'adhabil-qabr (O Allah, I seek refuge in You from miserliness, and I seek refuge in You from cowardice, and I seek refuge in You from reaching the age of senility, and I seek refuge in You from the trials of this world, and I seek refuge in You from the torment of the grave)
اللهم إني أعوذ بك من البخل، وأعوذ بك من الجبن، وأعوذ بك أن أرد إلى أرذل العمر، وأعوذ بك من فتنة الدنيا، وأعوذ بك من عذاب القبرAll of this supplication is prescribed in the final Tashahhud, in the fourth rak'ah of Dhuhr, 'Asr, and 'Isha', in the third rak'ah of Maghrib, and in the second rak'ah of Fajr and Jumu'ah.
As for the first Tashahhud in Dhuhr, 'Asr, Maghrib, and 'Isha', the correct view is that it is prescribed to pray upon the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) in it only, while the supplication is to be done in the final Tashahhud, as mentioned above, and as indicated by the hadith of Ibn Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him) , which is recorded in the two Sahihs. And success is from Allah.
Source
binbaz.org.sa
The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.