Explaining the ugliness of ruses in making the forbidden permissible, with evidence and a mention of their harms.
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The Shaykh : The ruse is uglier than the open act; the ruse is uglier than the open act, O servant of Allah. How is that?
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : But why is it uglier than the open act?
The student: Because it came through an incorrect path.
The Shaykh : Now, take a rest.
The ruse is uglier than the open act because it entails two harms: the harm of the forbidden thing that was circumvented, and the harm of deception and betrayal. Who is deceived or betrayed? Allah is deceived, who knows the treachery of the eyes and what the breasts conceal.
A person comes to another and says: By Allah, I want you to give me ten thousand for twelve thousand.
This is forbidden. We seek refuge in Allah from one who does this. You give me ten thousand in cash and give me twelve thousand after a year. Who does this? This is forbidden. I say, what do we do? Let’s go. We go to the shopkeeper. They come to the shopkeeper: you have bags of rice, sugar, sand, cotton, or the smallest thing, just give us something to sign the contract on and we are done. He bought these bags from them. Who bought them? The creditor or the debtor?
The student: The creditor.
The Shaykh : The creditor. He bought them from the shopkeeper for ten thousand riyals and sold them to the poor man for how much? For twelve thousand riyals. Then the poor man said to the shopkeeper: buy them from me. So the shopkeeper bought them for what? He said: I sold them for ten... I will take them from you for nine thousand and nine hundred and fifty. So the poor man loses from the shopkeeper’s side how much? Fifty riyals. So this poor man is between the two stones of a millstone; the creditor eats him from one side and the shopkeeper eats him from the other side, and he takes... the money.
So by Allah, is this a valid contract? No, this is a ruse, because the creditor does not want this commodity at all. If the shopkeeper filled these bags with sand and told the people this is sugar, would he tell the creditor to buy it or not buy it? He does not know that it is sugar, yes, he buys it. Why? Because it is as sugar. He does not turn it over or inspect it, or anything.
This is not permissible. This is uglier than if he had given him ten in cash for twelve deferred.
And Allah, Mighty and Majestic, nothing is hidden from Him on earth or in the heaven[Ghafir 40:19].
And every person who increased his wealth in this way has increased it from forbidden earnings, so it is fitting that Allah not accept his supplication.
And among that is earning money through fraud and deception. You find him displaying the commodity with a good appearance, and it is what? It is defective. So the buyer thinks it is good, but it is defective. He buys it for a good price and the seller is happy. What Allah wills, a windfall. Is this a windfall? By Allah, it is not a windfall. It is a windfall at the expense of his good deeds, because this oppressed person will take from the good deeds of this oppressor on the Day of Resurrection. He will take from his good deeds which he is most in need of at that time, and he will not be able to ransom himself ever.
And from this, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to a date seller and stood over him and put his hand in the dates. He found that the bottom of the dates had been wetted by the rain, wet. So the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ما هذا يا صاحب الطعام؟ قال : أصابته السماء يا رسول الله، فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم : من غش فليس منا ، وكان الواجب على هذا أن يجعل الرديء فوق حتى يراه الناس ويعرفوه.
ومن ذلك أيضاً أن يكسب الإنسان المال عن طريق الكذب، يقول هذه السلعة بمائة وهي بخمسين، أو بتسعين، لكن يأتيه رجل لا يعرف السعر، غرير بسعر هذه الأشياء، فيشتري لأنه صاحب حاجة وهو لا يعلم السعر، فربما يشتري
ما يساوي مائة بمائتين، وهو لا يدري لكن صاحب الدكان غره، هذه الزيادة التي حصلت له حرام أو حلال؟ حرام، لأنها جاءت عن طريق الكذب.
قد يقول الشيطان لصاحب الدكان إن المشتري اشترى باختياره وبرضاه، والله عز وجل يقول : يا أيها الذين آمنوا لا تأكلوا أموالكم بينكم بالباطل إلا أن تكون تجارة عن تراض منكم . والمشتري رضي، فليس عليك شيء.
ما جوابنا على هذا الإيحاء الشيطاني؟ أن نقول: لو علم المشتري بأن القيمة حقيقة نصف القيمة التي عينها أيرضى أم لا يرضى؟ لا يرضى، إذن ليست تجارة عن تراضٍ، بل تجارة عن تغرير بهذا الغرير الذي لا يعرف، وكذب ودجل.
ولهذا تقف عند صاحب الدكان حتى في مكة هنا، تقول كم السلعة هذه؟ يقول: هذه بمائة، تروح لواحد عندو دكان جنبو نفس السلعة تقول كم هي؟ يقول بخمسين، فرق، وهو فرق النصف ولا يمكن هذا مما يتراضى به الناس عادة حتى يقول هذا شيء تراضى به الناس فرق الخسمين أمر واضح.
أحيانا تقول له مثلا يقلك هذه السلعة بمائة..
لابد فيه من آداب، منها: أن يتجنب الإنسان أكل الحرام، وإلا كيف يكون هذا البدن المتغذي بما حرم الله عليه أهلا لأن تقبل دعوته؟!
على كل حال أنا أقول ينبغي في هذه الأيام المباركة أن نجتهد في الدعاء، وأن نأمل الإجابة، وأن نتهم أنفسنا بالتقصير والقصور، ولكن نغلب فضل الله سبحانه وتعالى وعفوه ورحمته حتى يكون أملنا في الإجابة قويا، والله سبحانه وتعالى عند حسن ظن عبده به، فمن ظن بالله خيرا وسعى بأسباب الخير فإنه يناله، ومن ظن بالله خيرا ولكنه لم يسع في أسباب الخير فهو في الحقيقة متمن على الله الأماني، كما قال النبي عليه الصلاة والسلام : الكيس من دان نفسه وعمل لما بعد الموت، والعاجز من أتبع نفسه هواها وتمنى على الله الأماني .
أسأل الله أن يجعلني وإياكم في هذا الشهر من المقبولين، وأن يتم علينا وعليكم بالتوفيق لما يحبه ويرضاه.
والآن نعود إلى الدرس.
الطالب : ... .
الشيخ : بالنسبة للإجابة على فوائد التقوى وصلتنا ثلاث وعشرون إجابة، ولم أتمكن من قراءة إلا ثلاث ورقات فقط ... والجائزة مجهزة ... فأرى أن من الأحسن أن نختار رجلين يجمعان هذه الفوائد، فما كان في بعض الإجابات يضم إلى الإجابات الأخرى حتى تكمل الإجابة إن شاء الله تعالى...
مر علينا فيما سمعنا من كلام الله موضوعان، ولا أدري بأيهما أوفق أن نبدأ: موضوع المنافقين، وموضوع الطلاق وأحكام الطلاق.
المنافقون، وإن شئتم أن نجمع بين الأمرين وأبدأ بواحد منهما؟
الطلاب :...
الشيخ : طيب، يقول بعض الإخوان إن الطلاق أولى لكثرة الموجودين اليوم، والناس في الحقيقة كثر الطلاق فيهم، واستهانوا به استهانة بالغة. What is this, O owner of food? He said: The rain has touched it, O Messenger of Allah. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever cheats is not one of us. And it was obligatory for this man to put the defective part on top so that people would see it and know it. And among that is also a person earning money through lying. He says this commodity is for one hundred, and it is for fifty, or for ninety. But a man comes who does not know the price, one who is deceived by the price of these things. He buys it because he is in need and he does not know the price. So perhaps he buys what is worth one hundred for two hundred, and he does not know, but the shopkeeper deceived him. Is this increase that he got forbidden or lawful? Forbidden, because it came through lying. Satan may say to the shopkeeper: The buyer bought it by his choice and with his consent. And Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: O you who believe, do not consume your wealth among yourselves through falsehood, except that it be a trade by mutual consent among you. And the buyer consented, so there is nothing on you. What is our answer to this Satanic suggestion? That we say: If the buyer knew that the value is actually half the value he set, would he consent or not consent? He would not consent. So it is not a trade by mutual consent, but a trade through deceiving this deceived person who does not know, and through lying and fraud. For this reason, you stand at the shopkeeper’s place, even here in Makkah, and you say: How much is this commodity? He says: This is for one hundred. You go to one who has a shop next to him, the same commodity, and you say: How much is it? He says: For fifty. A difference. And it is a difference of half, and this is not something that people usually consent to, so that one would say this is something people consented to, a difference of fifty. It is clear. Sometimes you tell him, for example, he tells you this commodity is for one hundred... There must be etiquettes, among them: that a person should avoid eating the forbidden. Otherwise, how can this body nourished by what Allah has forbidden be worthy of having its supplication accepted? In any case, I say it is recommended in these blessed days that we strive in supplication, and that we hope for acceptance, and that we suspect ourselves of negligence and shortcoming, but we prevail with the favor of Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, and His pardon and mercy, so that our hope for acceptance is strong. And Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, is as His servant thinks of Him. So whoever thinks well of Allah and strives by the means of good, he will attain it. And whoever thinks well of Allah but does not strive by the means of good, he is in reality one who wishes upon Allah his wishes, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The wise one is he who disciplines himself and works for what is after death, and the incapable one is he who follows his soul’s desires and wishes upon Allah his wishes. I ask Allah to make me and you among the accepted in this month, and to complete for us and for you success in what He loves and is pleased with. And now we return to the lesson. The student: ... . The Shaykh: Regarding the answer to the benefits of taqwa, we received twenty-three answers, and I was not able to read except three pages only... and the prize is prepared... so I see that it is better that we choose two men to collect these benefits, so that what is in some answers is added to the other answers until the answer is completed, if Allah wills... Two topics passed us in what we heard of the words of Allah, and I do not know with which one I am more in agreement to begin: the topic of the hypocrites, and the topic of divorce and the rulings of divorce. The hypocrites, and if you wish, we can combine the two matters and I begin with one of them? The students: ... . The Shaykh: Okay, some of the brothers say that divorce is more appropriate because of the many present today, and people in reality have much divorce among them, and they have belittled it with extreme belittlement.
The student: ... .
The Shaykh : But why is it uglier than the open act?
The student: Because it came through an incorrect path.
The Shaykh : Now, take a rest.
The ruse is uglier than the open act because it entails two harms: the harm of the forbidden thing that was circumvented, and the harm of deception and betrayal. Who is deceived or betrayed? Allah is deceived, who knows the treachery of the eyes and what the breasts conceal.
A person comes to another and says: By Allah, I want you to give me ten thousand for twelve thousand.
This is forbidden. We seek refuge in Allah from one who does this. You give me ten thousand in cash and give me twelve thousand after a year. Who does this? This is forbidden. I say, what do we do? Let’s go. We go to the shopkeeper. They come to the shopkeeper: you have bags of rice, sugar, sand, cotton, or the smallest thing, just give us something to sign the contract on and we are done. He bought these bags from them. Who bought them? The creditor or the debtor?
The student: The creditor.
The Shaykh : The creditor. He bought them from the shopkeeper for ten thousand riyals and sold them to the poor man for how much? For twelve thousand riyals. Then the poor man said to the shopkeeper: buy them from me. So the shopkeeper bought them for what? He said: I sold them for ten... I will take them from you for nine thousand and nine hundred and fifty. So the poor man loses from the shopkeeper’s side how much? Fifty riyals. So this poor man is between the two stones of a millstone; the creditor eats him from one side and the shopkeeper eats him from the other side, and he takes... the money.
So by Allah, is this a valid contract? No, this is a ruse, because the creditor does not want this commodity at all. If the shopkeeper filled these bags with sand and told the people this is sugar, would he tell the creditor to buy it or not buy it? He does not know that it is sugar, yes, he buys it. Why? Because it is as sugar. He does not turn it over or inspect it, or anything.
This is not permissible. This is uglier than if he had given him ten in cash for twelve deferred.
And Allah, Mighty and Majestic, nothing is hidden from Him on earth or in the heaven
He knows that which deceives the eyes and what the breasts conceal.
يعلم خائنة الأعين وما تخفي الصدورAnd every person who increased his wealth in this way has increased it from forbidden earnings, so it is fitting that Allah not accept his supplication.
And among that is earning money through fraud and deception. You find him displaying the commodity with a good appearance, and it is what? It is defective. So the buyer thinks it is good, but it is defective. He buys it for a good price and the seller is happy. What Allah wills, a windfall. Is this a windfall? By Allah, it is not a windfall. It is a windfall at the expense of his good deeds, because this oppressed person will take from the good deeds of this oppressor on the Day of Resurrection. He will take from his good deeds which he is most in need of at that time, and he will not be able to ransom himself ever.
And from this, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) came to a date seller and stood over him and put his hand in the dates. He found that the bottom of the dates had been wetted by the rain, wet. So the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) said: ما هذا يا صاحب الطعام؟ قال : أصابته السماء يا رسول الله، فقال النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم : من غش فليس منا ، وكان الواجب على هذا أن يجعل الرديء فوق حتى يراه الناس ويعرفوه.
ومن ذلك أيضاً أن يكسب الإنسان المال عن طريق الكذب، يقول هذه السلعة بمائة وهي بخمسين، أو بتسعين، لكن يأتيه رجل لا يعرف السعر، غرير بسعر هذه الأشياء، فيشتري لأنه صاحب حاجة وهو لا يعلم السعر، فربما يشتري
ما يساوي مائة بمائتين، وهو لا يدري لكن صاحب الدكان غره، هذه الزيادة التي حصلت له حرام أو حلال؟ حرام، لأنها جاءت عن طريق الكذب.
قد يقول الشيطان لصاحب الدكان إن المشتري اشترى باختياره وبرضاه، والله عز وجل يقول : يا أيها الذين آمنوا لا تأكلوا أموالكم بينكم بالباطل إلا أن تكون تجارة عن تراض منكم . والمشتري رضي، فليس عليك شيء.
ما جوابنا على هذا الإيحاء الشيطاني؟ أن نقول: لو علم المشتري بأن القيمة حقيقة نصف القيمة التي عينها أيرضى أم لا يرضى؟ لا يرضى، إذن ليست تجارة عن تراضٍ، بل تجارة عن تغرير بهذا الغرير الذي لا يعرف، وكذب ودجل.
ولهذا تقف عند صاحب الدكان حتى في مكة هنا، تقول كم السلعة هذه؟ يقول: هذه بمائة، تروح لواحد عندو دكان جنبو نفس السلعة تقول كم هي؟ يقول بخمسين، فرق، وهو فرق النصف ولا يمكن هذا مما يتراضى به الناس عادة حتى يقول هذا شيء تراضى به الناس فرق الخسمين أمر واضح.
أحيانا تقول له مثلا يقلك هذه السلعة بمائة..
لابد فيه من آداب، منها: أن يتجنب الإنسان أكل الحرام، وإلا كيف يكون هذا البدن المتغذي بما حرم الله عليه أهلا لأن تقبل دعوته؟!
على كل حال أنا أقول ينبغي في هذه الأيام المباركة أن نجتهد في الدعاء، وأن نأمل الإجابة، وأن نتهم أنفسنا بالتقصير والقصور، ولكن نغلب فضل الله سبحانه وتعالى وعفوه ورحمته حتى يكون أملنا في الإجابة قويا، والله سبحانه وتعالى عند حسن ظن عبده به، فمن ظن بالله خيرا وسعى بأسباب الخير فإنه يناله، ومن ظن بالله خيرا ولكنه لم يسع في أسباب الخير فهو في الحقيقة متمن على الله الأماني، كما قال النبي عليه الصلاة والسلام : الكيس من دان نفسه وعمل لما بعد الموت، والعاجز من أتبع نفسه هواها وتمنى على الله الأماني .
أسأل الله أن يجعلني وإياكم في هذا الشهر من المقبولين، وأن يتم علينا وعليكم بالتوفيق لما يحبه ويرضاه.
والآن نعود إلى الدرس.
الطالب : ... .
الشيخ : بالنسبة للإجابة على فوائد التقوى وصلتنا ثلاث وعشرون إجابة، ولم أتمكن من قراءة إلا ثلاث ورقات فقط ... والجائزة مجهزة ... فأرى أن من الأحسن أن نختار رجلين يجمعان هذه الفوائد، فما كان في بعض الإجابات يضم إلى الإجابات الأخرى حتى تكمل الإجابة إن شاء الله تعالى...
مر علينا فيما سمعنا من كلام الله موضوعان، ولا أدري بأيهما أوفق أن نبدأ: موضوع المنافقين، وموضوع الطلاق وأحكام الطلاق.
المنافقون، وإن شئتم أن نجمع بين الأمرين وأبدأ بواحد منهما؟
الطلاب :...
الشيخ : طيب، يقول بعض الإخوان إن الطلاق أولى لكثرة الموجودين اليوم، والناس في الحقيقة كثر الطلاق فيهم، واستهانوا به استهانة بالغة. What is this, O owner of food? He said: The rain has touched it, O Messenger of Allah. So the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: Whoever cheats is not one of us. And it was obligatory for this man to put the defective part on top so that people would see it and know it. And among that is also a person earning money through lying. He says this commodity is for one hundred, and it is for fifty, or for ninety. But a man comes who does not know the price, one who is deceived by the price of these things. He buys it because he is in need and he does not know the price. So perhaps he buys what is worth one hundred for two hundred, and he does not know, but the shopkeeper deceived him. Is this increase that he got forbidden or lawful? Forbidden, because it came through lying. Satan may say to the shopkeeper: The buyer bought it by his choice and with his consent. And Allah, Mighty and Majestic, says: O you who believe, do not consume your wealth among yourselves through falsehood, except that it be a trade by mutual consent among you. And the buyer consented, so there is nothing on you. What is our answer to this Satanic suggestion? That we say: If the buyer knew that the value is actually half the value he set, would he consent or not consent? He would not consent. So it is not a trade by mutual consent, but a trade through deceiving this deceived person who does not know, and through lying and fraud. For this reason, you stand at the shopkeeper’s place, even here in Makkah, and you say: How much is this commodity? He says: This is for one hundred. You go to one who has a shop next to him, the same commodity, and you say: How much is it? He says: For fifty. A difference. And it is a difference of half, and this is not something that people usually consent to, so that one would say this is something people consented to, a difference of fifty. It is clear. Sometimes you tell him, for example, he tells you this commodity is for one hundred... There must be etiquettes, among them: that a person should avoid eating the forbidden. Otherwise, how can this body nourished by what Allah has forbidden be worthy of having its supplication accepted? In any case, I say it is recommended in these blessed days that we strive in supplication, and that we hope for acceptance, and that we suspect ourselves of negligence and shortcoming, but we prevail with the favor of Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, and His pardon and mercy, so that our hope for acceptance is strong. And Allah, Glorified and Exalted is He, is as His servant thinks of Him. So whoever thinks well of Allah and strives by the means of good, he will attain it. And whoever thinks well of Allah but does not strive by the means of good, he is in reality one who wishes upon Allah his wishes, as the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: The wise one is he who disciplines himself and works for what is after death, and the incapable one is he who follows his soul’s desires and wishes upon Allah his wishes. I ask Allah to make me and you among the accepted in this month, and to complete for us and for you success in what He loves and is pleased with. And now we return to the lesson. The student: ... . The Shaykh: Regarding the answer to the benefits of taqwa, we received twenty-three answers, and I was not able to read except three pages only... and the prize is prepared... so I see that it is better that we choose two men to collect these benefits, so that what is in some answers is added to the other answers until the answer is completed, if Allah wills... Two topics passed us in what we heard of the words of Allah, and I do not know with which one I am more in agreement to begin: the topic of the hypocrites, and the topic of divorce and the rulings of divorce. The hypocrites, and if you wish, we can combine the two matters and I begin with one of them? The students: ... . The Shaykh: Okay, some of the brothers say that divorce is more appropriate because of the many present today, and people in reality have much divorce among them, and they have belittled it with extreme belittlement.