A person traveled to a country where the duration between Fajr and Maghrib is nineteen hours, and he intends to reside for five years

The Shaykh : The questioner says here: A person traveled to a country where the period between dawn and sunset is nineteen hours, and he wants to stay for five years; so does he fast that period—meaning, fast for nineteen hours—or can he fast according to the timing of another country?
What I see is that this issue falls under the category of . The one who lives in a region where the time between the true dawn and the setting of the sun is nineteen hours, and in some seasons—such as, for example—this entire duration becomes night, so the day is five hours; I say: whoever finds himself in a land where the day for fasting is nineteen hours, or less, or more than that; he is reminded of this principle: "Fear Allah as much as you are able," . Are you able to fast this duration or not? If you are able, then this is your obligation, and do not look to other regions that are far from you—for example, a thousand kilometers away—where the day is moderate, twelve hours, for example. And if you are not able, you are not obligated to this fasting, and when you are able to do it, you make it up; ; because he is unable to perform this fasting. And I am as certain as I can be that not all people are like this; meaning, not every person is able to fast nineteen hours, or less, or more, and not every person is also unable. So why do we give a general ruling saying: whoever is in such a land must break his fast, or must fast according to the moderate days which are close to this region? Rather, we say: , . If he is able to fast, he fasts, otherwise .
And with this principle, we also answer an issue that was raised in many past years when students were preparing for exams, and the season was Ramadan and the heat was intense, so some fatwas were issued by some scholars in al-Azhar that it is permissible for students to break their fast in Ramadan so that they can be able to study and prepare for the exam.
I have believed since that time until today that this fatwa is unjust and not based on the evidence of the Book and the Sunnah; because they turned away from this principle . We say to the student: you must fast. You are compelled to study, and I wish this study was religious study, but it is to obtain a... certificate to present in order to take up a position and receive a salary and livelihood. And even so, I say: if you are compelled to study during Ramadan to prepare for the exam, first of all, you are being tested by the Lord of the Worlds; so you are obligated to fast, so proceed with fasting. If you reach a level where Allah permits you to break your fast, then you are excused at that time. But do we make it a rule: Ramadan has entered, and we have taken a fatwa that we are students, so because of studying it is permissible for us to break our fast! This is forbidden and not permissible at all; because this is the abolition of the agreed-upon rules among Muslim scholars, some of which are the text of the Lord of the Worlds in the Noble Qur'an: , and the Messenger says: . You are commanded to fast, so do as much of it as you are able. You may be able one day to continue until the end of the fast, so you break your fast with the Muslims... You may not be able another day to continue, so you break your fast and you are excused, and your Lord knows this excuse from you; so He does not hold you accountable; , and so on.
This issue is exactly like that one in terms of the obligation to adhere to the general rules and the impermissibility of giving a general ruling for every person. So whoever lives in this land may be able and may not be able; especially since I do not imagine that when it is nineteen hours, that there would be intense heat—for example—as it is in the hot countries in al-Madinah or Makkah, where the heat is extremely unbearable. So it is possible that the situation is different, even if the time is long. The person has capacities and energies to live without food and without drink for such a duration and more than that. So if he reaches the limit of inability, then the obligation is lifted at that time and it is permissible for him to break his fast. This is what I have regarding this question, and it is perhaps the last one, and the call to 'Isha' prayer has been made, and I...