A woman fasted on the ninth of Muharram and menstruated on the day of Ashura. Is it obligatory for her to make up the fast, or is an expiation required? I hope for your guidance.
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The questioner : A woman fasted on the ninth of Muharram and menstruated on the day of Ashura. Is it obligatory for her to make up the fast, or is an expiation required? I hope for your guidance.
The Shaykh : Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and I send prayers and peace upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and his Companions, and upon those who follow them with excellence until the Day of Judgment. It is well known that fasting is not obligatory for a Muslim except for the fasting of Ramadan, and the fasting of Ramadan is one of the five pillars of Islam, due to the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):Jami` at-Tirmidhi 2609Sahih (Darussalam).
As for the fasting of Muharram, it was obligatory at first, then it was abrogated by the fasting of Ramadan, and its fasting became voluntary. I mean the fasting of Muharram, and the fasting of the tenth day of it is more emphasized than the fasting of the other days of it. Based on this, we say in answer to this woman's question: Since she fasted on the ninth day and her intention was to fast the tenth day, but what happened to her, which was menstruation, prevented her from doing so, it is hoped that the reward of fasting the tenth day will be recorded for her, because she had resolved her intention to fast it were it not for the preventer. When a person intends a good deed and strives for its causes, but something that cannot be repelled prevents him from it, his reward is recorded for him, due to the saying of Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He):[An-Nisa 4:100]. And this woman, for whom what prevents the fasting of the tenth day, which is menstruation, occurred, it is not prescribed for her to make up the tenth day, because the fasting of the tenth day is restricted to its day. So if a legal preventer occurs from it, it is not made up, because it is a recommended practice whose time has passed. Yes.
The questioner : May Allah bless you. In the question of the listener, Arwa from Buraydah, in her second question, she says.
The Shaykh : Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds, and I send prayers and peace upon our Prophet Muhammad, and upon his family and his Companions, and upon those who follow them with excellence until the Day of Judgment. It is well known that fasting is not obligatory for a Muslim except for the fasting of Ramadan, and the fasting of Ramadan is one of the five pillars of Islam, due to the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):
Islam is based upon five: the testimony of La Ilaha Illallah, and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, the establishment of the Salat, giving the Zakat, fasting (the month of) Ramadan, and performing Hajj to the House.
بني الإسلام على خمس: شهادة أن لا إله إلا الله وأن محمداً رسول الله، وإقام الصلاة، وإيتاء الزكاة، وصوم رمضان، وحج بيت الله الحرامAs for the fasting of Muharram, it was obligatory at first, then it was abrogated by the fasting of Ramadan, and its fasting became voluntary. I mean the fasting of Muharram, and the fasting of the tenth day of it is more emphasized than the fasting of the other days of it. Based on this, we say in answer to this woman's question: Since she fasted on the ninth day and her intention was to fast the tenth day, but what happened to her, which was menstruation, prevented her from doing so, it is hoped that the reward of fasting the tenth day will be recorded for her, because she had resolved her intention to fast it were it not for the preventer. When a person intends a good deed and strives for its causes, but something that cannot be repelled prevents him from it, his reward is recorded for him, due to the saying of Allah (Blessed and Exalted is He):
And whoever leaves his home as an emigrant to Allah and His Messenger and then death overtakes him - his reward has already become incumbent upon Allah
وَمَنْ يَخْرُجْ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ مُهَاجِرًا إِلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ ثُمَّ يُدْرِكْهُ الْمَوْتُ فَقَدْ وَقَعَ أَجْرُهُ عَلَى اللَّهِThe questioner : May Allah bless you. In the question of the listener, Arwa from Buraydah, in her second question, she says.