Explaining the ruling on these four states with evidence.

The Shaykh : What is the ruling on these states? As for dissatisfaction, it is forbidden, forbidden, and it is among the major sins. For this reason, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: . So this state is a state of despair, and its ruling is forbidden, indeed it is among the major sins. It is misguidance in religion, and it is also foolishness in intellect; it is foolishness in intellect, because this despair does not bring back the calamity, nor does it lighten the calamity, but rather it increases its pain. For this reason, some of the scholars said: If you are struck by a calamity, either you be patient with the patience of the noble, or you forget it like the forgetting of animals, meaning you forget the calamity. And I think that there is no one among us who has not been struck by a calamity that caused him pain, but with the passage of time, what happens? He forgets it, he recovers from it. So if he is patient with it at the time of the calamity, he attains the rank of the patient. And if he becomes dissatisfied, he falls from this rank, and his dissatisfaction and despair do not benefit him in any way. For this reason, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by a woman who was at the grave of her son, weeping, and he said to her, may the prayers and peace of Allah be upon him: — Brother, this is what I told you about, what did you say? — You
Yes, so the person who despairs at the time of a calamity will never benefit. So his despair is misguidance in religion, and what else? And foolishness in intellect.
Now, what is the ruling on patience? Its ruling is obligatory, because Allah commanded it, and He said: And its reward is great: So you should be patient and endure, and be confident that the situation will change from morning to evening, it will change. And the great despair and heat that struck you in the calamity, if you are patient, will turn into coolness and peace at the end of the day.
Now, what is the ruling on contentment? Some of the scholars said that it is obligatory like patience, and some of the scholars said that it is recommended. And this is the correct view, that it is recommended, and that is because it is a matter that not everyone can fulfill. So if we made it obligatory upon people, we would be imposing upon them what they cannot do. So the correct view is that it is recommended, and not obligatory.
Is gratitude obligatory or recommended? It is not recommended, rather it is obligatory, a fortiori, because if contentment is recommended, then gratitude is a fortiori, because it is contentment and more. And I am not speaking now about gratitude for blessings, rather I am speaking about gratitude for calamity, so it is recommended and not obligatory. So, O brothers, among the establishment of the religion that Allah commanded: What is it? That we advise one another to patience, as Allah commanded: .