Continuation of the Shaykh’s discussion with the students regarding zakah.
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The Shaykh : We mentioned this yesterday. Now, say, my brother, what is the nisab of gold?
The student: Eighty-two mithqals.
The Shaykh : Eighty-two mithqals? That is a lot, isn’t it, Shaykh? Yes?
The student: Eighty-five.
The Shaykh : Eighty-five, what?
The student: Grams.
The Shaykh : Okay, twenty mithqals equals eighty-five grams or ninety-one. Okay, what is the nisab of silver? Yes.
The student: The nisab of silver is two hundred and forty mithqals.
The Shaykh : Two hundred and forty mithqals? There is no agreement on this.
The student: One hundred and forty mithqals.
The Shaykh : One hundred and forty mithqals, how much is that equivalent to?
The student: Five hundred and ninety-five grams.
The Shaykh : Five hundred and ninety-five grams. Okay, is it spelled with a jīm or a ghayn?
The student: Among the Iraqis, it is with a ghayn.
The Shaykh : Among the Iraqis, it is with a ghayn, and among the others, it is with a jīm. So there are two dialects. Okay, take a rest.
The Shaykh : What is the nisab of paper money? The brother, you were not present. Take a rest. Yes.
You took it? No, the one who takes it does not take it a second time. The nisab, what is the obligatory nisab? Okay.
The student: ... the Saudi riyal.
The Shaykh : Silver is fifty-six Saudi riyals. And paper money?
The student: ... what it equals.
The Shaykh : What it equals in the market. For example, if the silver riyal is ten one-riyal notes, it would be fifty or sixty. That is, if we estimate that the Saudi riyal equals ten one-riyal notes, the nisab in these notes would be five hundred and sixty. If it decreases, it decreases, and if it increases, it increases. May Allah reward you.
What are the livestock in which zakah is obligatory?
The student: Camels, sheep, and cattle.
The Shaykh : Camels, cattle, and sheep. Good. What is the condition for them?
The student: The condition for them is that they are grazing.
The Shaykh : Okay, take a rest. Camels, cattle, and sheep, on the condition that they are grazing. And what does grazing mean?
The student: Those that graze for the year.
The Shaykh : Those that graze for the entire year or most of it, those that graze from the pasture for the year or most of it. Okay, if they are fed for the entire year or most of the year? Then they are not grazing, and in that case, there is no zakah on them. Good. Okay, take a rest.
Trade goods? And what is prepared for trade, of any type of wealth? Of everything.
It can be fabrics, vessels, vessels used for drinking and eating, can it? It can be slaves? Can one trade in slaves? It is not possible? It is possible.
Okay, it can be lands. Okay, it can be livestock. We did not say that the livestock must be grazing.
The student: ... no, if ... it will still have zakah on it.
The Shaykh : Okay, well done, take a rest. Livestock may be trade goods. When are they trade goods? When one trades in them. That is, he buys and sells. He buys this head of cattle at the beginning of the day and sells it at the end of the day. But the grazing ones, he keeps them with him for increase, milk, and offspring. There is no zakah on these unless they are grazing. But if they are trade goods, then there is zakah on them in all cases.
Okay, is zakah obligatory on one camel? Absolutely.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, well done. Zakah is not obligatory on one camel unless it is prepared for trade. That is, perhaps one trades in livestock; sometimes he has one camel, sometimes he has three camels, sometimes less or more. Zakah is obligatory on these in all cases.
We mentioned that debts are divided into two categories. Okay, the one who took [a debt], do not raise your hand, we are done with him.
The student: A debt that is on a wealthy person and a debt that is on a non-wealthy person.
The Shaykh : A debt that is on a wealthy person and a debt that is on a non-wealthy person. If it is on a wealthy person, zakah is obligatory on it. If it is on a non-wealthy person, it is not obligatory. Okay.
The Shaykh : Who is the wealthy person? Yes, my...
The student: The one who, if you demand it from him, gives you the money.
The Shaykh : Is this the wealthy person? The wealthy one is the rich person, but the rich person who gives. The rich person who gives is the wealthy one, meaning the one who, if you demand it from him at any time, gives you the debt. Okay, take a rest.
The opposite of the wealthy person is the poor person or the person from whom you cannot demand it, and even if you demand it, you cannot obtain your right. So there is no zakah on the debt he has, because it is not permissible to demand a debt from a poor person. And on this basis, there is no zakah on you even if it remains with his owner for ten years. But if you receive it, you pay zakah on it for only one year, which is the year of receipt. Then you pay zakah on it every time the year turns over. Is there anything left from what we mentioned last night? Yes.
What remains is zakat al-fitr. We mentioned that zakat al-fitr, brother, what did we mention about zakat al-fitr?
The student: I was not present.
The Shaykh : You were not present. Okay, please?
The student: That it is obligatory.
The student: That it is obligatory. An obligatory duty. What is the evidence?
The student: Islam is built on five: testifying that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, establishing the prayer, and giving zakah.
The Shaykh : He did not say zakat al-fitr. Take a rest. Yes.
The student: The hadith of Ibn 'Umar: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) made it obligatory upon us.
The Shaykh : The hadith of Ibn 'Umar: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) made obligatory the charity of fitr, a sa' of dates or a sa' of barley. Okay, well done, take a rest.
Its amount? Fahd.
As for the type of this charity, it is from food. The time of its output?
The student: Before the 'Id prayer.
The Shaykh : Before the 'Id prayer, and is it permissible?
The student: One or two days before the 'Id.
The Shaykh : One or two days before the 'Id. Okay, the place of output? The place of output for this charity? Yes.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : In the town where the person is at the time of 'Id al-Fitr. If the night of the 'Id passes and you are in a place, that is where you output the fitrah. Take a rest. If a person is in one place and his family is in another place?
The questioner : He outputs it, for example, if he is in Makkah and his family outputs it for themselves in the place where they reside.
The Shaykh : Okay, well done. If he is in one place and his family is in another place, he outputs his charity in his place and his family in another place. Okay, and this is the last thing we spoke about last night. One person asked me last night to speak about the people of zakah, and we will speak about this, if Allah wills, in brief words so that we can take from the hadith what is feasible.
The student: If he is well-off, what happens?
The Shaykh : If he is in a place where he pays zakah and it does not harm him, it is a sa' of food. He pays it here. Yes.
The student: Eighty-two mithqals.
The Shaykh : Eighty-two mithqals? That is a lot, isn’t it, Shaykh? Yes?
The student: Eighty-five.
The Shaykh : Eighty-five, what?
The student: Grams.
The Shaykh : Okay, twenty mithqals equals eighty-five grams or ninety-one. Okay, what is the nisab of silver? Yes.
The student: The nisab of silver is two hundred and forty mithqals.
The Shaykh : Two hundred and forty mithqals? There is no agreement on this.
The student: One hundred and forty mithqals.
The Shaykh : One hundred and forty mithqals, how much is that equivalent to?
The student: Five hundred and ninety-five grams.
The Shaykh : Five hundred and ninety-five grams. Okay, is it spelled with a jīm or a ghayn?
The student: Among the Iraqis, it is with a ghayn.
The Shaykh : Among the Iraqis, it is with a ghayn, and among the others, it is with a jīm. So there are two dialects. Okay, take a rest.
The Shaykh : What is the nisab of paper money? The brother, you were not present. Take a rest. Yes.
You took it? No, the one who takes it does not take it a second time. The nisab, what is the obligatory nisab? Okay.
The student: ... the Saudi riyal.
The Shaykh : Silver is fifty-six Saudi riyals. And paper money?
The student: ... what it equals.
The Shaykh : What it equals in the market. For example, if the silver riyal is ten one-riyal notes, it would be fifty or sixty. That is, if we estimate that the Saudi riyal equals ten one-riyal notes, the nisab in these notes would be five hundred and sixty. If it decreases, it decreases, and if it increases, it increases. May Allah reward you.
What are the livestock in which zakah is obligatory?
The student: Camels, sheep, and cattle.
The Shaykh : Camels, cattle, and sheep. Good. What is the condition for them?
The student: The condition for them is that they are grazing.
The Shaykh : Okay, take a rest. Camels, cattle, and sheep, on the condition that they are grazing. And what does grazing mean?
The student: Those that graze for the year.
The Shaykh : Those that graze for the entire year or most of it, those that graze from the pasture for the year or most of it. Okay, if they are fed for the entire year or most of the year? Then they are not grazing, and in that case, there is no zakah on them. Good. Okay, take a rest.
Trade goods? And what is prepared for trade, of any type of wealth? Of everything.
It can be fabrics, vessels, vessels used for drinking and eating, can it? It can be slaves? Can one trade in slaves? It is not possible? It is possible.
Okay, it can be lands. Okay, it can be livestock. We did not say that the livestock must be grazing.
The student: ... no, if ... it will still have zakah on it.
The Shaykh : Okay, well done, take a rest. Livestock may be trade goods. When are they trade goods? When one trades in them. That is, he buys and sells. He buys this head of cattle at the beginning of the day and sells it at the end of the day. But the grazing ones, he keeps them with him for increase, milk, and offspring. There is no zakah on these unless they are grazing. But if they are trade goods, then there is zakah on them in all cases.
Okay, is zakah obligatory on one camel? Absolutely.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : Yes, well done. Zakah is not obligatory on one camel unless it is prepared for trade. That is, perhaps one trades in livestock; sometimes he has one camel, sometimes he has three camels, sometimes less or more. Zakah is obligatory on these in all cases.
We mentioned that debts are divided into two categories. Okay, the one who took [a debt], do not raise your hand, we are done with him.
The student: A debt that is on a wealthy person and a debt that is on a non-wealthy person.
The Shaykh : A debt that is on a wealthy person and a debt that is on a non-wealthy person. If it is on a wealthy person, zakah is obligatory on it. If it is on a non-wealthy person, it is not obligatory. Okay.
The Shaykh : Who is the wealthy person? Yes, my...
The student: The one who, if you demand it from him, gives you the money.
The Shaykh : Is this the wealthy person? The wealthy one is the rich person, but the rich person who gives. The rich person who gives is the wealthy one, meaning the one who, if you demand it from him at any time, gives you the debt. Okay, take a rest.
The opposite of the wealthy person is the poor person or the person from whom you cannot demand it, and even if you demand it, you cannot obtain your right. So there is no zakah on the debt he has, because it is not permissible to demand a debt from a poor person. And on this basis, there is no zakah on you even if it remains with his owner for ten years. But if you receive it, you pay zakah on it for only one year, which is the year of receipt. Then you pay zakah on it every time the year turns over. Is there anything left from what we mentioned last night? Yes.
What remains is zakat al-fitr. We mentioned that zakat al-fitr, brother, what did we mention about zakat al-fitr?
The student: I was not present.
The Shaykh : You were not present. Okay, please?
The student: That it is obligatory.
The student: That it is obligatory. An obligatory duty. What is the evidence?
The student: Islam is built on five: testifying that there is no god but Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, establishing the prayer, and giving zakah.
The Shaykh : He did not say zakat al-fitr. Take a rest. Yes.
The student: The hadith of Ibn 'Umar: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) made it obligatory upon us.
The Shaykh : The hadith of Ibn 'Umar: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) made obligatory the charity of fitr, a sa' of dates or a sa' of barley. Okay, well done, take a rest.
Its amount? Fahd.
As for the type of this charity, it is from food. The time of its output?
The student: Before the 'Id prayer.
The Shaykh : Before the 'Id prayer, and is it permissible?
The student: One or two days before the 'Id.
The Shaykh : One or two days before the 'Id. Okay, the place of output? The place of output for this charity? Yes.
The student: ...
The Shaykh : In the town where the person is at the time of 'Id al-Fitr. If the night of the 'Id passes and you are in a place, that is where you output the fitrah. Take a rest. If a person is in one place and his family is in another place?
The questioner : He outputs it, for example, if he is in Makkah and his family outputs it for themselves in the place where they reside.
The Shaykh : Okay, well done. If he is in one place and his family is in another place, he outputs his charity in his place and his family in another place. Okay, and this is the last thing we spoke about last night. One person asked me last night to speak about the people of zakah, and we will speak about this, if Allah wills, in brief words so that we can take from the hadith what is feasible.
The student: If he is well-off, what happens?
The Shaykh : If he is in a place where he pays zakah and it does not harm him, it is a sa' of food. He pays it here. Yes.