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﴿ فَاسْأَلُوا أَهْلَ الذِّكْرِ إِن كُنتُمْ لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴾

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The Obligation of the Full Ritual Bath for the Friday Prayer

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The Shaykh : Among the characteristics of this prayer is that the full ritual bath is obligatory for it, just as a person must take a full ritual bath for major ritual impurity. It is obligatory to take a full ritual bath for it, whether in winter or in summer. The evidence is the saying of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him):
Taking a bath (before coming to Friday prayers) is obligatory on every adult. غسل الجمعة واجب على كل محتلم
Riyad as-Salihin 1152
It is obligatory. Who is the one who says it is obligatory? The Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him), who is the most knowledgeable of creation regarding the legislation of Allah. It is not possible for him to describe something as merely recommended and then say it is obligatory. If that were the case, it would be a serious matter. He is the most knowledgeable of creation regarding the Shari'ah of Allah, and he is the most eloquent of creation in what he speaks. Do we agree on this? This is a weak answer, my brothers. I ask: Is he the most eloquent of creation in what he speaks? Yes. And we give a clear answer. What is a dead answer? He is the most eloquent of creation in what he speaks. Good. And he is the most sincere of creation in advising creation. Do we agree on this? Yes. By Allah, he is the most sincere of creation in advising creation. And he is the most truthful of creation in reporting. Yes. He says, "The full ritual bath for Friday is obligatory." After I have presented these preliminaries, you judge for yourself: The full ritual bath for Friday is obligatory. Then he coupled the obligation with what implies legal accountability, which is his saying:
for every adult على كل محتلم
Because the one who has reached puberty is the one upon whom obligations are incumbent. "The one who has reached puberty" does not mean the one who actually experienced a wet dream. The one who actually experienced a wet dream must take a full ritual bath for major ritual impurity, even if it is on a Monday, Tuesday, or Wednesday. But this is the full ritual bath for Friday, which is obligatory upon every person who has reached puberty. I think that if we read this phrase in any of the books of Islamic jurisprudence, there would be no doubt left in our minds that the author holds what? He holds that it is obligatory. How much more so when the one who spoke it is Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (may Allah's prayers and peace be upon him). Also, the full ritual bath has a benefit for the body in terms of invigoration and cleanliness. Good. And what indicates the obligation is what occurred between 'Umar and 'Uthman (may Allah be pleased with them both). 'Umar was delivering the sermon to the people when 'Uthman entered during the sermon. It seemed as if 'Umar rebuked him for his delay. He said:
By Allah, O Commander of the Faithful, I did nothing more than hear the call to prayer, perform the ablution, and then come. والله يا أمير المؤمنين ما زدت على أن سمعت الأذان فتوضأت ثم أتيت
I was busy. 'Umar said to him in front of the people while he was delivering the sermon:
And the ablution as well والوضوء أيضا
Meaning, you limited yourself to the ablution and you came late. And the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said:
When any one of you comes for Friday (prayer) he should take a bath. إذا أتى أحدكم الجمعة فليغتسل
Sunan Abi Dawud 340Sahih (Al-Albani)
So he spoke to him with a kind of rebuke and cited as evidence for it what? The saying of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him):
When any one of you comes for Friday (prayer) he should take a bath. إذا أتى أحدكم الجمعة فليغتسل
Sunan Abi Dawud 340Sahih (Al-Albani)
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Source alathar.net

The Arabic text is copied verbatim from the original source, without any edits.

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